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apache2.4 (debian11)：访问 /.htm 或 /.html 网站导致 403（而不是 404）

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apache2.4 (debian11)：访问 /.htm 或 /.html 网站导致 403（而不是 404）

如果我在 debian 11 上安装 apache2 并访问以下其中一个 URL：

http://localhost/.htm

http://localhost/.html

我没有得到预期的 HTTP 状态代码 404，而是得到了 HTTP 状态代码 403！

但是，如果我访问 URL http://localhost/.abc，我会得到 HTTP 状态代码 404。

有人知道为什么 apache 对于不存在的文件返回 403 而不是 404./.htm吗./.html？

我没有更改任何配置文件，因此配置应该是 debian 11 附带的默认配置！virtualhost-config 是默认的 debian 虚拟主机配置：

<VirtualHost *:80>
    # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
    # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
    # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
    # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
    # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
    # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
    # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
    #ServerName www.example.com

    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html

    # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
    # error, crit, alert, emerg.
    # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
    # modules, e.g.
    #LogLevel info ssl:warn

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
    # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
    # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
    # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
    # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
    #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>

答案1

这是因为 Apache 配置默认包含以下代码片段：

# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being          
# viewed by Web clients.                                                        
#                                                                               
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
        Require all denied
</FilesMatch>

注释很好地解释了这一点。.htaccess和.htpasswd是可以包含安全相关配置的文件，并且存在于 Web 根目录中。因此，默认配置只是阻止以 开头的文件.ht。

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