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tag-icon • tag-icon reverse-proxy django
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我有一个 Django Web 应用程序与另一台服务器共享外部端口 80 和 443。localhost在没有反向代理的情况下运行良好，但是当启用它时，我遇到各种错误。

如何使反向代理正常工作？

反向代理配置文件：

      # SSL Certificate and other SSL configurations
      SSLProxyEngine on
      ProxyRequests on
      SSLProxyVerify require 
      SSLProxyCheckPeerCN on
      SSLProxyCheckPeerName on
      SSLProxyCheckPeerExpire on
      ProxyPreserveHost on
      RequestHeader set X-Forwarded-Proto https

      # Reverse Proxy Configuration
      ProxyPass "/" "https://192.168.1.83/"
      ProxyPassReverse "/" "https://192.168.1.83/"

      # Additional SSL configurations if needed

我将所有重定向http到https并在我的 ssl-https conf 文件中包括上述代理。网站运行正常没有包含（即Include .../reverse-proxy.conf注释掉）。 当包含反向代理时，我得到：

[Thu Jan 18 07:09:39.835368 2024] [ssl:error] [pid 46505:tid 133251102926528] [remote 192.168.1.83:443] AH02039: Certificate Verification: Error (20): unable to get local issuer certificate
[Thu Jan 18 07:09:39.835470 2024] [ssl:error] [pid 46505:tid 133251102926528] [remote 192.168.1.83:443] AH02040: Certificate Verification: Certificate Chain too long (chain has 2 certificates, but maximum allowed are only 1)
[Thu Jan 18 07:09:39.835773 2024] [proxy:error] [pid 46505:tid 133251102926528] (20014)Internal error (specific information not available): [client 119.74.38.81:51224] AH01084: pass request body failed to 192.168.1.83:443 (192.168.1.83), referer: https://acupunctureclassique.duckdns.org/
[Thu Jan 18 07:09:39.835832 2024] [proxy:error] [pid 46505:tid 133251102926528] [client 119.74.38.81:51224] AH00898: Error during SSL Handshake with remote server returned by /login/, referer: https://acupunctureclassique.duckdns.org/
[Thu Jan 18 07:09:39.835861 2024] [proxy_http:error] [pid 46505:tid 133251102926528] [client 119.74.38.81:51224] AH01097: pass request body failed to 192.168.1.83:443 (192.168.1.83) from 119.74.38.81 (), referer: https://acupunctureclassique.duckdns.org/

在前端：

Proxy Error
The proxy server could not handle the request

Reason: Error during SSL Handshake with remote server

Apache/2.4.58 (Ubuntu) Server at acupunctureclassique.duckdns.org Port 443

更新：

apachectl -S

VirtualHost configuration:
*:443                  acupunctureclassique.duckdns.org (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/acu-le-ssl.conf:2)
*:80                   acupunctureclassique.duckdns.org (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/acu.conf:1)
ServerRoot: "/etc/apache2"
Main DocumentRoot: "/var/www/html"
Main ErrorLog: "/var/log/apache2/error.log"
Mutex ssl-stapling: using_defaults
Mutex proxy: using_defaults
Mutex ssl-cache: using_defaults
Mutex default: dir="/var/run/apache2/" mechanism=default 
Mutex watchdog-callback: using_defaults
Mutex rewrite-map: using_defaults
Mutex ssl-stapling-refresh: using_defaults
PidFile: "/var/run/apache2/apache2.pid"
Define: DUMP_VHOSTS
Define: DUMP_RUN_CFG
User: name="www-data" id=33 not_used
Group: name="www-data" id=33 not_used

答案1

经过聊天讨论后，这里的实际问题是，用户使用 nginx 将流量代理到同一个 nginx 实例，从而创建一个整齐的重定向循环，最终导致标头错误消息过大。

> ProxyPass "/" "https://192.168.1.83/"

您将流量发送到https://192.168.1.83。您声称这是 Let's encrypt 颁发的证书，但 LE 会绝不颁发证书192.168.1.83，任何公共 CA 也不会颁发此类证书。请记住，有效的证书还不够，有以匹配预期名称 - 在本例中为192.168.1.83。您的日志对此也非常明确。

您有以下几种选择：

  1. 使用 HTTP
  2. 使用自签名证书，并让 Apache 信任它SSLProxyCACertificate指示。
  3. 使用有效的域名并获取该域名的有效证书。域名可能解析为192.168.1.83，也可能添加到/etc/hosts，但 Apache将要匹配证书中的主机名和通用名称（或 SAN）。
  4. 禁用使用姓名验证SSLProxyCheckPeerName = off
  5. 使用以下方式禁用验证SSLProxyVerify = none，有效地禁用验证。这或多或少相当于使用 http...

答案2

要进行反向代理，您需要在 /etc/apache2/sites-available 中创建一个虚拟主机。下面是此类 VirtualHost 配置的示例

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName yourdomain.com
    ServerAlias www.yourdomain.com

    DocumentRoot /path/to/your/django/static/files

    Alias /static/ /path/to/your/django/static/files/
    <Directory /path/to/your/django/static/files>
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ProxyPass / http://localhost:8000/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:8000/

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName yourdomain.com
    ServerAlias www.yourdomain.com

    DocumentRoot /path/to/your/django/static/files

    Alias /static/ /path/to/your/django/static/files/
    <Directory /path/to/your/django/static/files>
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile /path/to/your/ssl/certificate.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/your/ssl/private.key
    SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/your/ssl/chainfile.pem

    ProxyPass / https://localhost:8000/
    ProxyPassReverse / https://localhost:8000/

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

https 部分是可选的，如果不需要 https，可以省略它

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