我收到了来自 mdadm 的一些警报。进一步检查似乎表明某些硬盘可能已损坏。
你能证实一下吗？
有两个 SCSI 驱动器可以在 RAID1 中工作
This is an automatically generated mail message from mdadm
running on host...
A DegradedArray event had been detected on md device /dev/md0.
Faithfully yours, etc.
P.S. The /proc/mdstat file currently contains the following:
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sda2[0](F) sdb2[1]
972597112 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
unused devices:
mdadm --detail /dev/md0 的输出
root@data:/# mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Fri Apr 12 06:43:28 2013
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 972597112 (927.54 GiB 995.94 GB)
Used Dev Size : 972597112 (927.54 GiB 995.94 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Tue Jul 16 11:02:38 2013
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 1
Spare Devices : 0
Name : grml:0
UUID : ac43ac06:67d7f5e8:147f9c57:f087c896
Events : 768474
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 0 removed
1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2
0 8 2 - faulty spare /dev/sda2
我只想补充一下，我以救援模式启动了它，这是我使用 smartctl 测试获得的输出：
The authenticity of host '78.31.69.128 (78.31.69.128)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 6b:10:c9:74:d5:50:4e:48:6f:e9:54:54:fd:b3:b4:82.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '78.31.69.128' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password:
Grml - Linux for geeks
root@grml ~ # parted -l
Model: ATA Hitachi HUA72201 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 134kB 4000MB 4000MB primary linux-swap(v1)
2 4000MB 1000GB 996GB primary boot, raid
Model: ATA Hitachi HUA72201 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 134kB 4000MB 4000MB primary
2 4000MB 1000GB 996GB primary boot, raid
root@grml ~ # smartctl -s on -t short -a /dev/sda
smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.7-1-grml-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi Ultrastar A7K2000
Device Model: Hitachi HUA722010CLA330
Serial Number: JPW9K0N01PS0SL
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 39ad7f9ba
Firmware Version: JP4OA3MA
User Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 bytes [1,00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Tue Jul 16 15:42:09 2013 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Enabled.
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.
See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x85) Offline data collection activity
was aborted by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 9572) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 160) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 096 096 016 Pre-fail Always - 524288
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 137 137 054 Pre-fail Offline - 90
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 128 128 024 Pre-fail Always - 294 (Average 296)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 70
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 001 001 005 Pre-fail Always FAILING_NOW 2015
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 144 144 020 Pre-fail Offline - 28
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6009
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 70
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 82
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 82
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 142 142 000 Old_age Always - 42 (Min/Max 15/52)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 2033
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 326 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 326 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 4758 hours (198 days + 6 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 dc 64 87 3e 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x003e8764 = 4097892
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 18 08 40 88 3e 40 08 16d+23:38:55.512 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 f8 00 48 87 3e 40 08 16d+23:38:55.511 READ FPDMA QUEUED
61 02 00 08 38 77 40 08 16d+23:38:50.104 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
61 20 00 90 45 bc 40 08 16d+23:38:48.761 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
61 02 00 08 38 77 40 08 16d+23:38:48.694 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
Error 325 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3541 hours (147 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 03 85 01 fb 09 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09fb0185 = 167444869
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 80 01 fb 40 08 5d+19:53:07.617 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:53:07.616 SET FEATURES [Reserved for Serial ATA]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+19:53:07.615 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:53:07.609 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:53:07.608 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 324 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3541 hours (147 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 03 85 01 fb 09 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09fb0185 = 167444869
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 80 01 fb 40 08 5d+19:52:49.411 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:49.410 SET FEATURES [Reserved for Serial ATA]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+19:52:49.409 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:49.403 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:49.402 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 323 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3541 hours (147 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 03 85 01 fb 09 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09fb0185 = 167444869
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 80 01 fb 40 08 5d+19:52:31.204 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:31.203 SET FEATURES [Reserved for Serial ATA]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+19:52:31.202 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:31.196 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:31.195 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 322 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 3541 hours (147 days + 13 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 03 85 01 fb 09 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09fb0185 = 167444869
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 08 00 80 01 fb 40 08 5d+19:52:12.792 READ FPDMA QUEUED
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:12.791 SET FEATURES [Reserved for Serial ATA]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+19:52:12.790 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:12.784 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+19:52:12.783 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6009 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 3370 161277656
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3369 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Tue Jul 16 15:43:11 2013
Use smartctl -X to abort test.
216 root@grml ~ # ls -la :(
total 43
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 120 Jul 16 15:42 ./
drwxr-xr-x 32 root root 240 Jul 16 13:35 ../
drwx------ 3 root root 25 Mai 3 14:24 .cache/
drwx------ 4 root root 60 Jul 16 13:35 .config/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 60 Jul 16 15:35 .kbd/
drwx------ 3 root root 28 Mai 3 14:24 .local/
-rw------- 1 root root 748 Mai 3 14:27 .viminfo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33992 Mai 3 14:18 .zcompdump
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Jul 16 15:41 .zdirs
-rw------- 1 root root 531 Jul 16 15:42 .zsh_history
root@grml ~ # smartctl -s on -t short -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.7-1-grml-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi Ultrastar A7K2000
Device Model: Hitachi HUA722010CLA330
Serial Number: JPW9K0N01JNXSL
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 39ad5ac00
Firmware Version: JP4OA3MA
User Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 bytes [1,00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Tue Jul 16 15:43:39 2013 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Enabled.
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x85) Offline data collection activity
was aborted by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 9753) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 163) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 136 136 054 Pre-fail Offline - 93
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 128 128 024 Pre-fail Always - 295 (Average 295)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 70
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 140 140 020 Pre-fail Offline - 30
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 6011
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 70
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 80
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 80
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 150 150 000 Old_age Always - 40 (Min/Max 14/49)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 0
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6010 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 3373 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Tue Jul 16 15:44:41 2013
Use smartctl -X to abort test.
root@grml ~ #
答案1
您有两个分区（md0 中的 sda2 和 sdb2）的镜像（RAID1）。Sda2
出现故障。
- 如果 sda 上没有其他内容（例如 sda2 是整个磁盘的大小），则替换它。
- 如果 sda 有多个分区，则首先确保这些分区上没有活动数据。
数组大小和已用设备大小看起来相同或者至少非常接近，这意味着它可能是第一个并且可以安全地替换。
如果您对此感到不舒服，那么请先进行备份（并测试该备份）。
SCSI 通常是热插拔的，但请检查这一点（例如，机器是否使用带有 80 针 SCSI 连接器的 SCSI，或者这是自制的设置，带有用于电源的 Molex 连接器和用于数据的 50/68 针连接器。在后一种情况下，在更换驱动器之前关闭电源可能会更安全。
答案2
是的，你的驱动器出现故障。更换它。看起来sda2是罪魁祸首。