我在 RHEL 6.4 & 6.2 64 位服务器上运行 MariaDB 和 Galera 时遇到问题，无法将它们加入集群。我安装了 Galera 集群所需的 RPM：
- MariaDB-Galera 服务器
- MariaDB 客户端
- 兼容 MariaDB
- MariaDB-通用
- MariaDB 共享
- MariaDB 测试
- 加莱拉
然后，在安装了 MariaDB 及其所有组件后，我检查了它通常保存文件的目录，/var/lib/mysql/并/var/log/mysql/执行了
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql/
我以独立模式启动了两台服务器并配置了复制用户：
grant all privileges on *.* to 'mariadb-user'@'localhost' identified by 'password' with grant option;
grant all privileges on *.* to 'mariadb-user'@'%' identified by 'password' with grant option;
这样，我就有了一个数据库可以与之通信的用户。然后我在主节点和从节点上编辑了我的配置：
#
# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see
#
# See the examples of server my.cnf files in /usr/share/mysql/
#
# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]
general_log_file=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
general_log=1
log_warning=2
log-error=/var/log/mysql/error.log
#log-bin=/var/log/mysql-bin.log
log-slow-queries=/var/log/mysql-slow-queries.log
# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
[mysqld]
# this is only for embedded server
[embedded]
# This group is only read by MariaDB-5.5 servers.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions,
# use this group for options that older servers don't understand
[mysqld-5.5]
# These two groups are only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# you can put MariaDB-only options here
[mariadb]
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://mariadb-master.net,mariadb-slave.net
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
binlog_format=ROW
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1
wsrep_cluster_name=corp-zabbix-server
wsrep_debug=on
wsrep_sst_auth=mariadb-user:cerner
##wsrep_sst_auth=root:
wsrep_sst_method=mysqldump
##wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup
[mariadb-5.5]
配置完成后，我确保防火墙允许流量通过，基本上就是把它们清除掉iptables -F。然后我在主服务器上初始化集群，使用：
/etc/init.d/mysql start --wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://
该进程在主节点上启动，并在从节点上使用：
service mysql start
然后，从属节点连接一会儿，交换状态，然后退出，表示不允许该操作。
Pastebin.com 上的 MariaDB_Error_Log
这是的输出/var/log/mysql/mysql.log：
/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 5.5.32-MariaDB-log (MariaDB Server, wsrep_23.7.5.rXXXX). started with:
Tcp port: 0 Unix socket: (null)
Time Id Command Argument
/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 5.5.32-MariaDB-log (MariaDB Server, wsrep_23.7.5.rXXXX). started with:
Tcp port: 0 Unix socket: (null)
Time Id Command Argument
130910 8:18:48 3 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
3 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
3 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
3 Query SELECT @@GENERAL_LOG
3 Quit
4 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
4 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
4 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
4 Query SELECT @@SLOW_QUERY_LOG
4 Quit
5 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
5 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
5 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
5 Query SET GLOBAL GENERAL_LOG=OFF
/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 5.5.32-MariaDB-log (MariaDB Server, wsrep_23.7.5.rXXXX). started with:
Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Time Id Command Argument
130910 8:18:50 7 Query SET GLOBAL SLOW_QUERY_LOG=1
7 Quit
130910 8:18:51 8 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
8 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
8 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
8 Query SELECT @@GENERAL_LOG
8 Quit
9 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
9 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
9 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
9 Query SELECT @@SLOW_QUERY_LOG
9 Quit
10 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
10 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
10 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
10 Query SET GLOBAL GENERAL_LOG=OFF
/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 5.5.32-MariaDB-log (MariaDB Server, wsrep_23.7.5.rXXXX). started with:
Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Time Id Command Argument
130910 8:18:52 12 Query SET GLOBAL SLOW_QUERY_LOG=1
12 Quit
130910 8:18:53 13 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
13 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
13 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
13 Query SELECT @@GENERAL_LOG
13 Quit
14 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
14 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
14 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
14 Query SELECT @@SLOW_QUERY_LOG
14 Quit
15 Connect [email protected] as anonymous on
15 Query select @@version_comment limit 1
15 Query SET wsrep_on=OFF
15 Query SET GLOBAL GENERAL_LOG=OFF
/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 5.5.32-MariaDB-log (MariaDB Server, wsrep_23.7.5.rXXXX). started with:
Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Time Id Command Argument
130910 8:18:55 17 Query SET GLOBAL SLOW_QUERY_LOG=1
17 Quit
我不确定我还应该做什么。我之前曾让这个集群工作过，但在完成操作系统基线后，我立即恢复到快照。所以，在我看来，它应该以相同的方式工作，但事实并非如此。我是否应该在盒子上创建一个与数据库用户同名的本地用户？
答案1
如果您查看 pastebin 链接上的错误消息，在第 18 行和第 19 行，有对此的引用：
130906 12:47:32 [ERROR] mysqld: File '/var/log/mysql-slow-queries.log' not found (Errcode: 13)
130906 12:47:32 [ERROR] Could not use /var/log/mysql-slow-queries.log for logging (error 13). Turning logging off for the whole duration of the MySQL server process. To turn it on again: fix the cause, shutdown the MySQL server and restart it.
我所做的是，当我创建配置文件时，我捏造了一行：
log-slow-queries=/var/log/mysql-slow-queries.log
一旦我编辑此行以反映：
log-slow-queries=/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow-queries.log
集群奇迹般地工作了。我能够在数据库之间进行复制，并使它们现在正常运行。我不太清楚为什么那一行会阻止一切工作，但事实确实如此。