当我尝试在 Ubuntu 11.04 的服务器发行版上安装 git 时，出现错误。我使用了以下命令：
sudo apt-get install git
这会产生这个错误：
(Reading database ...
dpkg: warning: files list file for package `git' missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.
(Reading database ... 20310 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace git 1:1.7.4.1-3 (using .../git_1%3a1.7.4.1-3_i386.deb) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/preinst: 12: dpkg-maintscript-helper: not found
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/git_1%3a1.7.4.1-3_i386.deb (--unpack):
subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 127
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/postrm: 14: dpkg-maintscript-helper: not found
dpkg: error while cleaning up:
subprocess new post-removal script returned error exit status 127
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/git_1%3a1.7.4.1-3_i386.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我正在使用以下存储库：
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 8.04.3 _Hardy Heron_ - Release i386 (20090713.1)]/ hardy main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates main restricted
## main & restricted repositories
# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted
#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted
#deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted
## universe repositories
#deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid universe
#deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid universe
#deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates universe restricted main
#deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates universe
#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security universe
#deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
## team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates multiverse
有人知道发生了什么事或者我该如何解决这个问题并安装 git 吗？
[编辑] 这是 apt-cache policy dpkg 的输出：
dpkg:
Installed: 1.15.5.6ubuntu4
Candidate: 1.16.0~ubuntu7.1
Version table:
1.16.0~ubuntu7.1 0
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates/main Packages
1.16.0~ubuntu7 0
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty/main Packages
*** 1.15.5.6ubuntu4 0
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
现在 apt 完全坏了。我尝试更新 dpkg，因为我注意到它有几个版本过期了。它失败了，因为它无法安装 git。我尝试了 apt-get purge、apt-get clean 和 apt-get update。问题依然存在。我尝试删除 git 并得到以下结果：
Removing git-core ...
dpkg: error processing git (--remove):
Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should
reinstall it before attempting a removal.
Errors were encountered while processing:
git
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
答案1
好吧，我解决了这个问题。我不得不手动删除包，然后强制 dpkg 自行清除。之后我从 git-core 安装它，一切正常。要手动删除包，我去了
/var/cache/apt/archives
并删除了git_1%3a1.7.4.1-3_i386.deb文件。之后我去了
/var/lib/dpkg/info
然后删除了ls | grep git出现的所有内容。之后，我运行
sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq git
清除 dpkg 中的软件包。完成后，我可以从软件包git-core中安装 git git，并且一切正常。
答案2
以防万一：是的apt-get install git-core，不仅仅是apt-get install git。