我有一个 Ubuntu - Windows 7 双启动设置,我希望我的笔记本电脑能够启动 Windows 7,除非我在启动后立即按下 Shift 键并调出 Grub2 菜单(从中我可以选择 Ubuntu)。
我研究了 Grub2 和 的选项etc/default/grub
,并尝试了GRUB_TIMEOUT
和GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT
值的组合,但无济于事。我尝试将 设置为高于 ,GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT
以为GRUB_TIMEOUT
两个倒计时同时开始,但没有——GRUB_TIMEOUT
只在另一个完成后才开始。
这种行为可以实现吗?
如果是,怎么办?
答案1
我认为我找到了一个更简单的解决方案。修改文件 /etc/default/grub 中的以下几行:
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0.0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0.0
当然,我们最终运行了 update-grub。它在我的 PC 上运行良好。
答案2
这是适用于 Ubuntu 16.04 的。
我通过对上面找到的一些答案进行一些组合来解决这个问题,因此不需要修改 30_os-prober,从而避免将来更新 grub 包时进行合并......
希望能帮助到你。
改变了 /etc/default/grub 中的某些变量以反映我想要的;
GRUB_DEFAULT=4
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
GRUB_FORCE_HIDDEN_MENU="true"
export GRUB_FORCE_HIDDEN_MENU
然后创建一个新文件;
sudo touch /etc/grub.d/50_hidemenu
sudo chmod +x /etc/grub.d/50_hidemenu
用这个内容填充它;
#!/bin/sh
cat <<EOF
if [ "x\${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then
if keystatus; then
if keystatus --shift; then
set timeout=-1
else
set timeout=0
fi
else
if sleep --interruptible ${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT} ; then
set timeout=0
fi
fi
fi
EOF
并更新了 grub;
sudo update-grub
干杯。
答案3
在 Kubuntu 14.04 中,这不起作用,如果您设置GRUB_TIMEOUT= 0
,奇怪的是,应用此功能并重新启动后,grub 菜单仍然可见 10 秒。
原因是另一个 grub 脚本中有一段代码,如果 grub_timeout 的值为 0,则将其设置为 10。
这就是我让它工作的方法:
复制grub
和30_osprober
文件!当出现问题时,你可以把原始文件放回去
在/etc/default/grub
GRUB_DEFAULT=4 #set this value to the OS you want to boot
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
在/etc/grub.d/30_os-prober
,有一段代码将 grub 超时设置为 10 秒(如果在 中将其设置为零)/etc/default/grub
,我不知道开发人员为什么将它放在那里,但它可以防止隐藏 grub 菜单。
set timeout_style=menu
if [ "\${timeout}" = 0 ]; then
set timeout=10 # I changed this from 10 to 0
完成这些修改后,运行sudo update-grub
即可生成新的grub启动序列。
我记录了我所有的 Linux 修复/修改 https://sites.google.com/site/marcshomesite/Home/linux-tuning
答案4
我也尝试过同样的方法,并在 Ubuntu 论坛上找到了很大的帮助,特别是这线。
假设您对做了正确的事情/etc/default/grub
,正确设置GRUB_TIMEOUT
和GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT
(我分别说是 0 和 5)甚至GRUB_DEFAULT
指定要启动的默认映像,下面是使其正确工作的程序。
添加这些行
GRUB_FORCE_HIDDEN_MENU="true" export GRUB_FORCE_HIDDEN_MENU
到最后
/etc/default/grub
备份你的版本
/etc/grub.d/30_os-prober
并用此处找到的版本覆盖它测试一下!要显示菜单,请按下
SHIFT
键
该问题与多操作系统设置有关,编辑脚本是解决该问题的方法之一。
30_os-探测器:
#! /bin/sh
set -e
# grub-mkconfig helper script.
# Copyright (C) 2006,2007,2008,2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#
# GRUB is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# GRUB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with GRUB. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
prefix="/usr"
exec_prefix="${prefix}"
datarootdir="${prefix}/share"
. "${datarootdir}/grub/grub-mkconfig_lib"
found_other_os=
make_timeout () {
if [ "x${found_other_os}" = "x" ] || [ "x${GRUB_FORCE_HIDDEN_MENU}" = "xtrue" ] ; then
if [ "x${1}" != "x" ] ; then
if [ "x${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET}" = "xtrue" ] ; then
verbose=
else
verbose=" --verbose"
fi
if [ "x${1}" = "x0" ] ; then
cat <<EOF
if [ "x\${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then
if keystatus; then
if keystatus --shift; then
set timeout=-1
else
set timeout=0
fi
else
if sleep$verbose --interruptible 3 ; then
set timeout=0
fi
fi
fi
EOF
else
cat << EOF
if [ "x\${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then
if sleep$verbose --interruptible ${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT} ; then
set timeout=0
fi
fi
EOF
fi
fi
fi
}
adjust_timeout () {
if [ "x$GRUB_BUTTON_CMOS_ADDRESS" != "x" ]; then
cat <<EOF
if cmostest $GRUB_BUTTON_CMOS_ADDRESS ; then
EOF
make_timeout "${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_BUTTON}" "${GRUB_TIMEOUT_BUTTON}"
echo else
make_timeout "${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT}" "${GRUB_TIMEOUT}"
echo fi
else
make_timeout "${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT}" "${GRUB_TIMEOUT}"
fi
}
if [ "x${GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER}" = "xtrue" ]; then
adjust_timeout
exit 0
fi
if [ -z "`which os-prober 2> /dev/null`" -o -z "`which linux-boot-prober 2> /dev/null`" ] ; then
# missing os-prober and/or linux-boot-prober
adjust_timeout
exit 0
fi
OSPROBED="`os-prober | tr ' ' '^' | paste -s -d ' '`"
if [ -z "${OSPROBED}" ] ; then
# empty os-prober output, nothing doing
adjust_timeout
exit 0
fi
osx_entry() {
found_other_os=1
cat << EOF
menuentry "${LONGNAME} (${2}-bit) (on ${DEVICE})" --class osx --class darwin --class os {
EOF
save_default_entry | sed -e "s/^/\t/"
prepare_grub_to_access_device ${DEVICE} | sed -e "s/^/\t/"
cat << EOF
load_video
set do_resume=0
if [ /var/vm/sleepimage -nt10 / ]; then
if xnu_resume /var/vm/sleepimage; then
set do_resume=1
fi
fi
if [ \$do_resume = 0 ]; then
xnu_uuid ${OSXUUID} uuid
if [ -f /Extra/DSDT.aml ]; then
acpi -e /Extra/DSDT.aml
fi
$1 /mach_kernel boot-uuid=\${uuid} rd=*uuid
if [ /System/Library/Extensions.mkext -nt /System/Library/Extensions ]; then
xnu_mkext /System/Library/Extensions.mkext
else
xnu_kextdir /System/Library/Extensions
fi
if [ -f /Extra/Extensions.mkext ]; then
xnu_mkext /Extra/Extensions.mkext
fi
if [ -d /Extra/Extensions ]; then
xnu_kextdir /Extra/Extensions
fi
if [ -f /Extra/devprop.bin ]; then
xnu_devprop_load /Extra/devprop.bin
fi
if [ -f /Extra/splash.jpg ]; then
insmod jpeg
xnu_splash /Extra/splash.jpg
fi
if [ -f /Extra/splash.png ]; then
insmod png
xnu_splash /Extra/splash.png
fi
if [ -f /Extra/splash.tga ]; then
insmod tga
xnu_splash /Extra/splash.tga
fi
fi
}
EOF
}
wubi=
for OS in ${OSPROBED} ; do
DEVICE="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 1`"
LONGNAME="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr '^' ' '`"
LABEL="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 3 | tr '^' ' '`"
BOOT="`echo ${OS} | cut -d ':' -f 4`"
if [ -z "${LONGNAME}" ] ; then
LONGNAME="${LABEL}"
fi
echo "Found ${LONGNAME} on ${DEVICE}" >&2
case ${BOOT} in
chain)
case ${LONGNAME} in
Windows*)
if [ -z "$wubi" ]; then
if [ -x /usr/share/lupin-support/grub-mkimage ] && \
/usr/share/lupin-support/grub-mkimage --test; then
wubi=yes
else
wubi=no
fi
fi
if [ "$wubi" = yes ]; then
echo "Skipping ${LONGNAME} on Wubi system" >&2
continue
fi
;;
esac
found_other_os=1
cat << EOF
menuentry "${LONGNAME} (on ${DEVICE})" --class windows --class os {
EOF
save_default_entry | sed -e "s/^/\t/"
prepare_grub_to_access_device ${DEVICE} | sed -e "s/^/\t/"
case ${LONGNAME} in
Windows\ Vista*|Windows\ 7*|Windows\ Server\ 2008*)
;;
*)
cat << EOF
drivemap -s (hd0) \${root}
EOF
;;
esac
cat <<EOF
chainloader +1
}
EOF
;;
linux)
LINUXPROBED="`linux-boot-prober ${DEVICE} 2> /dev/null | tr ' ' '^' | paste -s -d ' '`"
prepare_boot_cache=
for LINUX in ${LINUXPROBED} ; do
LROOT="`echo ${LINUX} | cut -d ':' -f 1`"
LBOOT="`echo ${LINUX} | cut -d ':' -f 2`"
LLABEL="`echo ${LINUX} | cut -d ':' -f 3 | tr '^' ' '`"
LKERNEL="`echo ${LINUX} | cut -d ':' -f 4`"
LINITRD="`echo ${LINUX} | cut -d ':' -f 5`"
LPARAMS="`echo ${LINUX} | cut -d ':' -f 6- | tr '^' ' '`"
if [ -z "${LLABEL}" ] ; then
LLABEL="${LONGNAME}"
fi
if [ "${LROOT}" != "${LBOOT}" ]; then
LKERNEL="${LKERNEL#/boot}"
LINITRD="${LINITRD#/boot}"
fi
if [ -z "${prepare_boot_cache}" ]; then
prepare_boot_cache="$(prepare_grub_to_access_device ${LBOOT} | sed -e "s/^/\t/")"
[ "${prepare_boot_cache}" ] || continue
fi
found_other_os=1
cat << EOF
menuentry "${LLABEL} (on ${DEVICE})" --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
EOF
save_default_entry | sed -e "s/^/\t/"
printf '%s\n' "${prepare_boot_cache}"
cat << EOF
linux ${LKERNEL} ${LPARAMS}
EOF
if [ -n "${LINITRD}" ] ; then
cat << EOF
initrd ${LINITRD}
EOF
fi
cat << EOF
}
EOF
done
;;
macosx)
OSXUUID="`grub-probe --target=fs_uuid --device ${DEVICE} 2> /dev/null`"
osx_entry xnu_kernel 32
osx_entry xnu_kernel64 64
;;
hurd)
found_other_os=1
cat << EOF
menuentry "${LONGNAME} (on ${DEVICE})" --class hurd --class gnu --class os {
EOF
save_default_entry | sed -e "s/^/\t/"
prepare_grub_to_access_device ${DEVICE} | sed -e "s/^/\t/"
grub_device="`${grub_probe} --device ${DEVICE} --target=drive`"
mach_device="`echo "${grub_device}" | sed -e 's/(\(hd.*\),msdos\(.*\))/\1s\2/'`"
grub_fs="`${grub_probe} --device ${DEVICE} --target=fs`"
case "${grub_fs}" in
*fs) hurd_fs="${grub_fs}" ;;
*) hurd_fs="${grub_fs}fs" ;;
esac
cat << EOF
multiboot /boot/gnumach.gz root=device:${mach_device}
module /hurd/${hurd_fs}.static ${hurd_fs} --readonly \\
--multiboot-command-line='\${kernel-command-line}' \\
--host-priv-port='\${host-port}' \\
--device-master-port='\${device-port}' \\
--exec-server-task='\${exec-task}' -T typed '\${root}' \\
'\$(task-create)' '\$(task-resume)'
module /lib/ld.so.1 exec /hurd/exec '\$(exec-task=task-create)'
}
EOF
;;
*)
echo " ${LONGNAME} is not yet supported by grub-mkconfig." >&2
;;
esac
done
adjust_timeout
cat <<EOF
if [ "x\${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then
if keystatus; then
if keystatus --shift; then
set timeout=-1
else
set timeout=0
fi
else
if sleep$verbose --interruptible 3 ; then
set timeout=0
fi
fi
fi
EOF