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如何调试浏览速度慢的问题？

tag-icon • tag-icon 12.04 networking internet
如何调试浏览速度慢的问题？

我使用的是 Ubuntu 12.04、Chromium 18.0.1025.151（Developer Build 130497 Linux）Ubuntu 12.04、Firefox 12.0，但浏览速度很慢。浏览器底部总是显示“正在等待 aaa.bbb.com”。我该如何调试并找出原因？我通过 Android 设备的蓝牙 PAN 网络连接到 3G 网络。下面是一些统计数据。

$ dig asdsa.com

; <<>> DiG 9.8.1-P1 <<>> asdsa.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 39878
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 13

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;asdsa.com.         IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
asdsa.com.      307707  IN  A   200.31.91.194

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
com.            34662   IN  NS  e.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  a.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  k.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  h.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  g.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  l.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  j.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  c.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  b.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  m.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  d.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  f.gtld-servers.net.
com.            34662   IN  NS  i.gtld-servers.net.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
a.gtld-servers.net. 50538   IN  A   192.5.6.30
a.gtld-servers.net. 59333   IN  AAAA    2001:503:a83e::2:30
b.gtld-servers.net. 40208   IN  A   192.33.14.30
b.gtld-servers.net. 45531   IN  AAAA    2001:503:231d::2:30
c.gtld-servers.net. 45531   IN  A   192.26.92.30
d.gtld-servers.net. 45526   IN  A   192.31.80.30
e.gtld-servers.net. 45526   IN  A   192.12.94.30
f.gtld-servers.net. 40177   IN  A   192.35.51.30
g.gtld-servers.net. 35936   IN  A   192.42.93.30
h.gtld-servers.net. 40177   IN  A   192.54.112.30
i.gtld-servers.net. 45526   IN  A   192.43.172.30
j.gtld-servers.net. 45526   IN  A   192.48.79.30
k.gtld-servers.net. 35936   IN  A   192.52.178.30

;; Query time: 227 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Wed Jun  6 22:40:19 2012
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 499


$ ping google.com
PING google.com (74.125.236.199) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=1 ttl=54 time=173 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=2 ttl=54 time=162 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=3 ttl=54 time=228 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=4 ttl=54 time=236 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=5 ttl=54 time=162 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=6 ttl=54 time=215 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=7 ttl=54 time=218 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=8 ttl=54 time=232 ms
64 bytes from maa03s17-in-f7.1e100.net (74.125.236.199): icmp_req=9 ttl=54 time=212 ms
^C
--- google.com ping statistics ---
9 packets transmitted, 9 received, 0% packet loss, time 8007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 162.119/204.385/236.105/28.286 ms

另外，是否有浏览器在加载页面时提供更详细的信息？

编辑 ：来自@izx 答案的更多信息

$ curl -w "@curl-timing.cfg" -o /dev/null -s http://www.google.com/

      DNS lookup                          :  0.363
      Connect to server (TCP)             :  0.512
      Connect to server (HTTP/S)          :  0.000
      Time from start until transfer began:  0.512
      Time for redirection (if any)       :  0.000
      Total time before transfer started  :  0.749

             Total time                   :  0.749
             Size of download (bytes)     :  221
             Average d/l speed (bytes/s)  :  294.000

$ curl -w "@curl-timing.cfg" -o /dev/null -s http://india.gov.in

      DNS lookup                          :  0.351
      Connect to server (TCP)             :  0.526
      Connect to server (HTTP/S)          :  0.000
      Time from start until transfer began:  0.526
      Time for redirection (if any)       :  0.000
      Total time before transfer started  :  0.770

             Total time                   :  1.643
             Size of download (bytes)     :  34346
             Average d/l speed (bytes/s)  :  20905.000

答案1

用于curl找出网站加载过程中的哪个部分给您带来了麻烦

一般来说，您可以使用curl该-w选项来调试“浏览”（或 http/s）。

  • 打开终端sudo apt-get install curl（如果你还没有的话）

  • 在您的主目录中创建一个名为的文件curl-timing.cfg。在其中粘贴：

    \n
      DNS 查找：%{time_namelookup}\n
      连接到服务器 (TCP) ：%{time_connect}\n
      连接到服务器 (HTTP/S) : %{time_appconnect}\n
      从开始到传输开始的时间：%{time_pretransfer}\n
      重定向时间（如果有）：%{time_redirect}\n
      传输开始前的总时间：%{time_starttransfer}\n
\n
             总时间：%{time_total}\n
             下载大小（字节）：%{size_download}\n
             平均下载速度 (字节/秒) : %{speed_download}\n
\n

  • 然后，尝试下载任意 URL，假设是 Google，使用以下命令：

    curl -w "@curl-timing.cfg" -o /dev/null -s http://www.google.com/

  • 输出形式如下：

    


      DNS lookup                          :  0.012
  Connect to server (TCP)             :  0.031
  Connect to server (HTTP/S)          :  0.000
  Time from start until transfer began:  0.031
  Time for redirection (if any)       :  0.000
  Total time before transfer started  :  0.098

         Total time                   :  0.117
         Size of download (bytes)     :  14527
         Average d/l speed (bytes/s)  :  124347.000

  • 与从印度服务器获取网页到美国相比：

    $ curl -w "@curl-timing.cfg" -o /dev/null -shttp://india.gov.in
    


      DNS lookup                          :  0.377
  Connect to server (TCP)             :  0.716
  Connect to server (HTTP/S)          :  0.000
  Time from start until transfer began:  0.716
  Time for redirection (if any)       :  0.000
  Total time before transfer started  :  1.974

         Total time                   :  3.650
         Size of download (bytes)     :  34345
         Average d/l speed (bytes/s)  :  9408.000

  • 这将告诉您哪些步骤是薄弱环节。尝试多个网站，甚至文件下载。如果curl总体上效果良好，则问题可能出在您的浏览器/应用程序上，而不是 TCP/HTTP 和您的网络连接上。
  • 有关更多选项，请参阅curl 手册页。搜索--writeout可快速跳转到相关部分。

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