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更新后出现“管道破裂”、只读磁盘和错误

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更新后出现“管道破裂”、只读磁盘和错误

昨天晚上我做了一个apt-get update并安装了一些更新（不幸的是，我并没有真正注意我安装了什么）。今天早上当我打开笔记本电脑时，它无法启动，并出现了这样的消息：

Could not write bytes: broken pipes

我进入恢复模式，首先尝试释放空间。没有用。然后我尝试运行dpkg，但文件系统状态为只读状态。所以我改变了状态，运行了dpkg，但不确定结果。最初什么也没发生，但后来我恢复了，它终于启动了（但速度非常慢）。我运行了 Smartcontrol 并得到了以下结果：

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B
Device Model:     Hitachi HTS545050B9A300
Serial Number:    101218PBN403X7DG2G2L
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 67cd47de9
Firmware Version: PB4OC66G
User Capacity:    500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   8
ATA Standard is:  ATA-8-ACS revision 6
Local Time is:    Wed Mar 27 08:04:59 2013 GMT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity
                    was never started.
                    Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      ( 119) The previous self-test completed having
                    the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline 
data collection:        (  645) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:            (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                    Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                    Suspend Offline collection upon new
                    command.
                    Offline surface scan supported.
                    Self-test supported.
                    No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                    Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                    power-saving mode.
                    Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                    General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine 
recommended polling time:    (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:    ( 158) minutes.
SCT capabilities:          (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
                    SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                    SCT Feature Control supported.
                    SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000b   100   100   062    Pre-fail  Always       -       65536
  2 Throughput_Performance  0x0005   100   100   040    Pre-fail  Offline      -       0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0007   154   154   033    Pre-fail  Always       -       1
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0012   098   098   000    Old_age   Always       -       4022
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   005    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000b   100   100   067    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  8 Seek_Time_Performance   0x0005   100   100   040    Pre-fail  Offline      -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0012   083   083   000    Old_age   Always       -       7605
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   060    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       3080
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate      0x000a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       266
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0012   090   090   000    Old_age   Always       -       108285
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0002   127   127   000    Old_age   Always       -       43 (Min/Max 1/58)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0022   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       9
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0008   100   100   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x000a   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
223 Load_Retry_Count        0x000a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       70%      7605         438875110
# 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%      7139         -
# 3  Short offline       Completed without error       00%      5584         -
# 4  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%       878         -
# 5  Short offline       Completed without error       00%       541         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

此外，有时当我重新启动笔记本电脑时，会出现

[354.899490] end request: I/0 error, dev sda, sector 463582321

然后我登录了，但是图形太搞笑了，而且速度太慢了。

有什么帮助吗？

答案1

您的硬盘似乎出现故障。您至少应该尽快备份数据。

您可以尝试勉强维持，有时您可以重新格式化磁盘并利用它，但它随时可能彻底失败。

最好考虑更换硬盘。

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