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首先双启动 Windows 8 和 ubuntu 12.04，ubuntu 无法启动（黑屏）

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首先双启动 Windows 8 和 ubuntu 12.04，ubuntu 无法启动（黑屏）

我正在尝试在我的新款 Asus Zenbook U500VZ 上双启动 Windows 8 和 Ubuntu 12.04，并使用英特尔快速存储技术 (预装 Windows) 在 raid0 中使用 2x 128 GB ssd。

经过反复尝试，我终于让 Windows 运行起来，并安装了 Grub 和 Ubuntu。但是当我在 Grub 中选择 Ubuntu 启动时，我几乎看不到带有点的 Ubuntu 徽标，然后只看到黑屏（尝试按照类似帖子中的建议调整屏幕亮度），我听到鼓声，但什么也没发生。

我这样做了：
我关闭了安全启动、CSM、快速启动，然后在 EFI/GPT 中安装了 Windows，在 Windows 中关闭了休眠并安装了 Ubuntu。由于它没有显示“与 Windows 8 一起”选项，我尝试在 Windows 分区之后按此顺序手动安装它。

  • 200mb 用于 grub，我告诉 Ubuntu 放置引导加载程序
  • 大约 8 GB 用于交换
  • ‘/’ 为 15 GB
  • 其余约 60 GB 用于 '/home'

然后我运行了 Boot Repair 并让 Grub 加载，这样我就可以轻松加载 Windows 8 了。

我不知道还能做什么。

启动修复给了我这个用于故障排除的信息：
由于链接限制，链接被删除，请参见编辑中的链接，但带有 /6180438/

编辑：

尝试按照以下步骤重新安装 GRUB2：
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Installing#via_the_LiveCD_terminal
但它不起作用：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/mapper/isw_dagfijbabd_RAID0SYS6
/usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Attempting to install GRUB to a partitionless disk or to a partition.  This is a BAD idea..
/usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Embedding is not possible.  GRUB can only be installed in this setup by using blocklists.  However, blocklists are UNRELIABLE and their use is discouraged..
/usr/sbin/grub-setup: error: will not proceed with blocklists.

现在 grub 也不起作用了。我得到的只是 GRUB 修复提示...

编辑2：

我从头开始重新安装了这两个操作系统。然后 Windows 和 grub 又可以正常工作了。这次，当我尝试从 GRUB 加载 Ubuntu 时，也出现了黑屏，但现在几分钟后，我在提示中收到此消息：

Gave up waiting for root device. Common problems:
- Boot args for (cat /proc/cmdline)
  - Check rootdelay= (did the system wait long enough?)
  - Check root= (did the system wait for the right device?)
- Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev)
Alert!  /dev/disk/by-uuid/[a hard drive uuid] does not exist. Dropping to a shell!

BusyBox v1.18.5 (Ubuntu 1:1.18.5-1ubuntu4.1) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

(initramfs)

看起来它没有加载正确的分区，但是为什么呢？

编辑3：

再次运行启动修复，黑屏又回来了，没有上面 EDIT2 中提到的输出。

这可能是 NVIDIA GeForce GT 650M 的问题吗？它没有显示在实时 USB 上的系统详细信息中。有没有办法从实时 USB 安装驱动程序？

这是新的启动修复链接： http://paste.ubuntu.com/6184097/

编辑4：

我尝试使用以下方式安装最新的 Nvidia 驱动程序

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

没有结果....

编辑5：

还尝试将启动行设置为nomodeset，，但仍然no splash出现黑屏并伴有鼓声。nvidia.modeset=0GRUB_GFXMODE=1280x1024x32

编辑6：

如果有帮助的话这是我的/boot/grub/grub.cfg

#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
  set have_grubenv=true
  load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
  set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
  save_env saved_entry
  set prev_saved_entry=
  save_env prev_saved_entry
  set boot_once=true
fi

function savedefault {
  if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
    saved_entry="${chosen}"
    save_env saved_entry
  fi
}

function recordfail {
  set recordfail=1
  if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}

function load_video {
  insmod efi_gop
  insmod efi_uga
  insmod video_bochs
  insmod video_cirrus
}

insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='(hd4,gpt7)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737
if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then
  set gfxmode=auto
  load_video
  insmod gfxterm
  insmod part_gpt
  insmod ext2
  set root='(hd4,gpt7)'
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737
  set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale
  set lang=en_US
  insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then
  set timeout=10
else
  set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
if background_color 44,0,30; then
  clear
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
    set gfxpayload="${1}"
    if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then
        set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7
    else
        set vt_handoff=
    fi
}
if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then
  if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
    if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
      if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
        set linux_gfx_mode=keep
      else
        set linux_gfx_mode=text
      fi
    else
      set linux_gfx_mode=text
    fi
  else
    set linux_gfx_mode=keep
  fi
else
  set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
export linux_gfx_mode
if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.8.0-31-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
    recordfail
    gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
    insmod gzio
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod ext2
    set root='(hd4,gpt7)'
    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737
    linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-31-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737 ro   quiet splash $vt_handoff
    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-31-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.8.0-31-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
    recordfail
    insmod gzio
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod ext2
    set root='(hd4,gpt7)'
    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737
    echo    'Loading Linux 3.8.0-31-generic ...'
    linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-31-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737 ro recovery nomodeset 
    echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-31-generic
}
submenu "Previous Linux versions" {
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.8.0-29-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
    recordfail
    gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
    insmod gzio
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod ext2
    set root='(hd4,gpt7)'
    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737
    linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-29-generic root=UUID=fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737 ro   quiet splash $vt_handoff
    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-29-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.8.0-29-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
    recordfail
    insmod gzio
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod ext2
    set root='(hd4,gpt7)'
    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737
    echo    'Loading Linux 3.8.0-29-generic ...'
    linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-29-generic root=UUID=fb4c455f-c123-4c54-abbd-d6217a6c2737 ro recovery nomodeset 
    echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-29-generic
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/25_custom ###

menuentry "Windows UEFI bkpbootmgfw.efi" {
search --fs-uuid --no-floppy --set=root B6F8-C530
chainloader (${root})/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bkpbootmgfw.efi
}

menuentry "Windows Boot UEFI loader" {
search --fs-uuid --no-floppy --set=root B6F8-C530
chainloader (${root})/EFI/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
}
### END /etc/grub.d/25_custom ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
menuentry 'System setup' {
    fwsetup
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f  $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
  source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

这是我的/etc/default/grub

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

编辑7

我安装并运行了 ubuntu。使用经过修改的 12.04.03 备用安装程序。[http://]cirrus[.]ucsd[.]edu[/]~pierce[/]fix_ubuntu_usb[/]。然后我启动并安装更新和 nvidia 驱动程序，结果又回到了黑屏！如何摆脱 nvidia 驱动程序？

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