运行的系统日志sudo invoke-rc.d dbus restart：
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop NetworkManager[946]: <info> caught signal 15, shutting down normally.
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop NetworkManager[946]: <info> (eth0): device state change: activated -> unmanaged (reason 'removed') [100 10 36]
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop NetworkManager[946]: <info> (eth0): deactivating device (reason 'removed') [36]
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[853]: Terminating
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[853]: Stopping SDP server
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[853]: Exit
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop kernel: [13529.716940] init: systemd-logind main process (886) killed by TERM signal
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop bluez: Stopping uarts
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop bluez: Stopping rfcomm
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop NetworkManager[946]: <info> (eth0): canceled DHCP transaction, DHCP client pid 2584
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop NetworkManager[946]: <info> (eth0): canceled DHCP transaction, DHCP client pid 2818
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop vmnet-natd: RTM_DELROUTE: index:2
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop vmnetBridge: RTM_DELROUTE: index:2
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop vmnet-natd: RTM_DELADDR: index:2, addr:10.0.0.10
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop NetworkManager[946]: <info> Writing DNS information to /sbin/resolvconf
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop kernel: [13530.325668] userif-2: sent link down event.
Feb 28 22:01:45 javaprophet-desktop kernel: [13530.325672] userif-2: sent link up event.
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop kernel: [13534.750063] init: network-manager main process (946) killed by KILL signal
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop ModemManager[844]: <warn> Could not acquire the 'org.freedesktop.ModemManager1' service name
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop ModemManager[844]: <info> ModemManager is shut down
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop kernel: [13534.772083] init: Disconnected from D-Bus system bus
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] AppArmor D-Bus mediation is enabled
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Bluetooth daemon 4.101
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Starting SDP server
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: DIS cannot start: GATT is disabled
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Failed to init deviceinfo plugin
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Failed to init proximity plugin
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Failed to init time plugin
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Failed to init alert plugin
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Failed to init thermometer plugin
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Failed to init gatt_example plugin
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop bluetoothd[23705]: Bluetooth Management interface initialized
Feb 28 22:01:50 javaprophet-desktop cinnamon-session[1947]: WARNING: Application 'cinnamon.desktop' killed by signal 15
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.UPower' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.UPower' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.UPower' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.UPower' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.systemd1' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.systemd1' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.UPower' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.UPower' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.UPower' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:51 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.UPower' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.ColorManager' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.UPower' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.UPower' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.ColorManager' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.UPower' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.UPower' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Permission denied
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.UPower' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 22:01:52 javaprophet-desktop dbus[23696]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.UPower' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
我运行这个是因为我在系统日志中注意到这一点，重复了数千次：
Feb 28 21:49:22 javaprophet-desktop dbus[807]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' (using servicehelper)
Feb 28 21:49:22 javaprophet-desktop dbus[807]: [system] Activated service 'org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' failed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
Feb 28 21:49:22 javaprophet-desktop NetworkManager[946]: <error> [1456724962.960417] [nm-manager-auth.c:87] pk_authority_get(): Failed to initialize PolicyKit: (23) Error initializing authority: Error calling StartServiceByName for org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.ExecFailed: Failed to execute program /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper: Success
我做了一些研究，并决定重新启动 dbus。我遇到了问题，甚至我的网络管理器都没有重新启动，这可能是因为它在启动时没有加载，但org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1在启动时也没有加载。我运行了sudo /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd，它运行良好，直到我关闭它，之后出现更多错误。出了什么问题以及如何修复它？
答案1
我发现这是我的 dbus-daemon-launch-helper 的 chmod
-rwxr-xr-- 1 root root 304K Jun 25 2015 dbus-daemon-launch-helper
本来应该是
-rwsr-xr-- 1 root messagebus 304K Jun 25 2015 dbus-daemon-launch-helper
更改后，现在似乎运行良好。