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有没有手册可以获取 bash 快捷键列表？

tag-icon • tag-icon bash shortcut-keys
有没有手册可以获取 bash 快捷键列表？

我在与bash 命令行让工作变得更轻松、更快捷。

喜欢：

  • ctrl+ L：清除屏幕
  • ctrl+ a/ ctrl+ e：移动行首/行末
  • ctrl+ r：只需写几个字符即可搜索命令的历史记录
  • ctrl+ u/ ctrl+ y：剪切/粘贴该行。

还有很多很多我想要了解的并且学习这些肯定是有用的。

我想知道从哪里可以获取 Ubuntu 中这些快捷方式的列表？有没有列出这些快捷方式的手册？

笔记：

我想在一个地方获取快捷方式及其操作的列表。在很短的时间内学习很多快捷方式确实很有帮助。那么我们有没有办法得到这样的列表？不过谢谢你在这里给出的回答。

答案1

默认值位于 中man bash，并附有每个命令的详细信息。如果您更改了键绑定，请参阅 BroSlow 的回答。

   Commands for Moving
       beginning-of-line (C-a)
              Move to the start of the current line.
       end-of-line (C-e)
              Move to the end of the line.
       forward-char (C-f)
              Move forward a character.
       backward-char (C-b)
              Move back a character.
       forward-word (M-f)
              Move forward to the end of the next word.  Words are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
       backward-word (M-b)
              Move back to the start of the current or previous word.  Words are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
       shell-forward-word
              Move forward to the end of the next word.  Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
       shell-backward-word
              Move back to the start of the current or previous word.  Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
       clear-screen (C-l)
              Clear the screen leaving the current line at the top of the screen.  With an argument, refresh the current line without clearing the screen.

...

       reverse-search-history (C-r)
              Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through the history as necessary.  This is an incremental search.

...

       unix-line-discard (C-u)
              Kill backward from point to the beginning of the line.  The killed text is saved on the kill-ring.

...

       yank (C-y)
          Yank the top of the kill ring into the buffer at point.

编辑

这些命令都位于手册的连续部分中，因此您可以从 浏览Commands for Moving。或者，您可以使用以下方式将整个部分保存到文本文件中：

man bash | awk '/^   Commands for Moving$/{print_this=1} /^   Programmable Completion$/{print_this=0} print_this==1{sub(/^   /,""); print}' > bash_commands.txt

（注意：这将打印整个部分，包括没有默认键盘快捷键的命令。）

awk 代码解释

  • 当（唯一）出现时Commands for Moving，将变量设置print_this为 1。
  • 在（唯一）出现时Programmable Completion（即以下部分），将变量设置为 0。
  • 如果变量是 1，则删除前导空格（三个空格），并打印该行。

答案2

你可以通过调用 bash 内置命令列出当前 bash shell 中的所有快捷方式bind带有-P选项。

例如

bind -P | grep clear
clear-screen can be found on "\C-l".

要改变它们，你可以做类似的事情

 bind '\C-p:clear-screen'

并将其放入初始化文件中以使其永久生效（请注意，您一次只能将一个组合键绑定到一个事物，因此它将失去之前的任何绑定）。

答案3

以下命令给出了一个很好的柱状输出，显示了用法和快捷方式。

bind -P | grep "can be found" | sort | awk '{printf "%-40s", $1} {for(i=6;i<=NF;i++){printf "%s ", $i}{printf"\n"}}'

这将给出一个输出，如下所示

abort                                   "\C-g", "\C-x\C-g", "\e\C-g". 
accept-line                             "\C-j", "\C-m". 
backward-char                           "\C-b", "\eOD", "\e[D". 
backward-delete-char                    "\C-h", "\C-?". 
backward-kill-line                      "\C-x\C-?". 
backward-kill-word                      "\e\C-h", "\e\C-?". 
backward-word                           "\e\e[D", "\e[1;5D", "\e[5D", "\eb". 
beginning-of-history                    "\e<". 
beginning-of-line                       "\C-a", "\eOH", "\e[1~", "\e[H". 
call-last-kbd-macro                     "\C-xe". 
capitalize-word                         "\ec". 
character-search-backward               "\e\C-]". 
character-search                        "\C-]". 
clear-screen                            "\C-l". 
complete                                "\C-i", "\e\e". 
...

使用以下命令将此输出放入文本文件中

bind -P|grep "can be found"|sort | awk '{printf "%-40s", $1} {for(i=6;i<=NF;i++){printf "%s ", $i}{printf"\n"}}' > ~/shortcuts

该文件在您的 $HOME 目录中创建。

解释

  • 获得所有快捷方式。

     bind -P

  • 删除所有未指定的快捷方式

     grep "can be found"

  • 对输出进行排序

     sort

  • 打印第一列（即函数）并对齐文本

     awk '{printf "%-40s", $1}

  • 这是上一个命令的一部分。它打印 6+ 列（即快捷方式）。

     {for(i=6;i<=NF;i++){printf "%s ", $i}{printf"\n"}}'

  • 将输出放入主目录中名为快捷方式

     > shortcuts

您可以通过运行以下命令了解该命令的工作原理。

bind -P
bind -P | grep "can be found"
bind -P | grep "can be found" | sort

答案4

只要 bash 手册没有被修改以致于该命令不合适（这不太可能），以下命令将显示所有默认快捷键bash。

man bash | grep -A294 'Commands for Moving'

输出如下：

 Commands for Moving
   beginning-of-line (C-a)
          Move to the start of the current line.
   end-of-line (C-e)
          Move to the end of the line.
   forward-char (C-f)
          Move forward a character.
   backward-char (C-b)
          Move back a character.
   forward-word (M-f)
          Move forward to the end of the next word.  Words are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters and digits).
   backward-word (M-b)
          Move back to the start of the current or previous word.  Words are composed of alphanumeric characters (letters  and
          digits).
   shell-forward-word
          Move forward to the end of the next word.  Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
   shell-backward-word
          Move back to the start of the current or previous word.  Words are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharacters.
   clear-screen (C-l)
          Clear  the  screen  leaving  the  current line at the top of the screen.  With an argument, refresh the current line
          without clearing the screen.
   redraw-current-line
          Refresh the current line.

Commands for Manipulating the History
   accept-line (Newline, Return)
          Accept the line regardless of where the cursor is.  If this line is non-empty, add it to the history list  according
          to  the state of the HISTCONTROL variable.  If the line is a modified history line, then restore the history line to
          its original state.
   previous-history (C-p)
          Fetch the previous command from the history list, moving back in the list.
   next-history (C-n)
...

如果修改了 bash 手册，则可以轻松更改此命令以满足需要。

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