我正在尝试从 Kubuntu 13.10 升级到 14.04。当我开始发行版升级时，在“设置新软件频道”后收到此消息：
计算升级时出现无法解决的问题 [...]
在查看了其他帖子后，我发现这可能是由于软件包冲突造成的。因此我运行了 grep Broken /var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log 并得到了以下结果：
Broken cups-filters:amd64 Conflicts on foomatic-filters [ amd64 ] < 4.0.17-1ubuntu1 > ( universe/text )
Broken libharfbuzz0b:amd64 Conflicts on libharfbuzz0a [ amd64 ] < 0.9.19-1 > ( libs )
Broken libharfbuzz0b:amd64 Conflicts on libharfbuzz0a [ i386 ] < 0.9.19-1 > ( libs )
Broken libclutter-1.0-0:amd64 Breaks on libcogl12 [ amd64 ] < 1.14.0-2 > ( libs )
Broken libqt5core5a:amd64 Breaks on libqt5core5 [ amd64 ] < 5.0.2+dfsg1-7ubuntu11.1 > ( libs ) (< 5.2.0+dfsg~)
Broken libmuonprivate2:amd64 Breaks on libmuonprivate1 [ amd64 ] < 2.1.3-0ubuntu0.2 > ( kde )
Broken libsdl2-2.0-0:amd64 Depends on libwayland-egl1-mesa [ amd64 ] < none -> 10.1.0-4ubuntu5 > ( libs ) (>= 10.0.2)
Broken libsdl2-2.0-0:amd64 Depends on libwayland-egl1 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken kde-window-manager:amd64 Depends on libwayland-egl1-mesa [ amd64 ] < none -> 10.1.0-4ubuntu5 > ( libs ) (>= 10.0.2)
Broken kde-window-manager:amd64 Depends on libwayland-egl1 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken kde-workspace:amd64 Depends on kde-window-manager [ amd64 ] < 4:4.11.5-0ubuntu0.1 -> 4:4.11.8-0ubuntu6 > ( universe/x11 ) (>= 4:4.11.8-0ubuntu6)
Broken kde-workspace:amd64 Depends on kde-window-manager-active [ amd64 ] < none -> 4:4.11.8-0ubuntu6 > ( universe/x11 ) (>= 4:4.11.8-0ubuntu6)
Broken ubuntu-drivers-common:amd64 Conflicts on jockey-common [ amd64 ] < 0.9.7-0ubuntu15 > ( admin )
Broken ubuntu-drivers-common:amd64 Conflicts on jockey-common [ i386 ] < none > ( none )
Broken ubuntu-drivers-common:amd64 Conflicts on jockey-kde [ amd64 ] < 0.9.7-0ubuntu15 > ( admin )
Broken ubuntu-drivers-common:amd64 Conflicts on jockey-kde [ i386 ] < none > ( none )
Broken ocl-icd-libopencl1:amd64 Conflicts on libopencl1 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-input-synaptics:amd64 Breaks on kde-config-touchpad [ amd64 ] < 0.8.1-1ubuntu4.1 > ( x11 ) (< 0.8.1-2~)
Broken wine1.6-i386:i386 Depends on libopencl-1.1-1 [ i386 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-glamoregl:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken kubuntu-desktop:amd64 Depends on kde-window-manager [ amd64 ] < 4:4.11.5-0ubuntu0.1 -> 4:4.11.8-0ubuntu6 > ( universe/x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-radeon:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken libcogl-pango12:amd64 Depends on libcogl12 [ amd64 ] < 1.14.0-2 > ( libs ) (>= 1.13.4)
Broken libvlccore5:amd64 Depends on vlc-data [ amd64 ] < 2.0.8-1 -> 2.1.2-2build2 > ( universe/graphics ) (= 2.0.8-1)
Broken libperl5.14:amd64 Depends on perl-base [ amd64 ] < 5.14.2-21build1 -> 5.18.2-2ubuntu1 > ( perl ) (= 5.14.2-21build1)
Broken wine1.5-i386:i386 Depends on wine1.6-i386 [ i386 ] < 1:1.6.1-0ubuntu1~ppa1 -> 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 > ( universe/otherosfs )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] < 1:7.3.99+git20140317.bdc41204-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] < 2:2.99.911+git20140331.5c0623b5-0ubuntu0ricotz~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] < 1:1.0.10+git20140220.480f0998-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken wine1.6:amd64 Depends on wine1.6-i386 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none ) (= 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4)
Broken wine:amd64 Depends on wine1.6 [ amd64 ] < 1:1.6.1-0ubuntu1~ppa1 -> 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 > ( universe/otherosfs )
Broken wine:amd64 Depends on wine1.7 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken playonlinux:amd64 Depends on wine [ amd64 ] < 1:1.7.16-0ubuntu1~saucy1 > ( universe/otherosfs )
Broken playonlinux:amd64 Depends on wine-unstable [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken wine1.5:amd64 Depends on wine1.6 [ amd64 ] < 1:1.6.1-0ubuntu1~ppa1 -> 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 > ( universe/otherosfs )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] < 1:7.3.99+git20140317.bdc41204-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] < 2:2.99.911+git20140331.5c0623b5-0ubuntu0ricotz~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] < 1:1.0.10+git20140220.480f0998-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken wine1.6-amd64:amd64 Depends on wine1.6:any [ amd64 ] < none > ( none ) (= 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4)
Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken wine1.5-amd64:amd64 Depends on wine1.6-amd64 [ amd64 ] < 1:1.6.1-0ubuntu1~ppa1 -> 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4 > ( universe/otherosfs )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] < 1:7.3.99+git20140317.bdc41204-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] < 1:7.3.99+git20140317.bdc41204-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] < 2:2.99.911+git20140331.5c0623b5-0ubuntu0ricotz~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] < 1:1.0.10+git20140220.480f0998-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] < 1:7.3.99+git20140317.bdc41204-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] < 2:2.99.911+git20140331.5c0623b5-0ubuntu0ricotz~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] < 1:1.0.10+git20140220.480f0998-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-glamoregl [ amd64 ] < 0.6.0+git20140313.a4fbc773-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-radeon [ amd64 ] < 1:7.3.99+git20140317.bdc41204-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-mach64:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-15 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-r128:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-15 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-glamoregl:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-intel:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-ati:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-radeon:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-nouveau:amd64 Depends on xorg-video-abi-14 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-ati [ amd64 ] < 1:7.3.99+git20140317.bdc41204-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-intel [ amd64 ] < 2:2.99.911+git20140331.5c0623b5-0ubuntu0ricotz~saucy > ( x11 )
Broken xserver-xorg-video-all:amd64 Depends on xserver-xorg-video-nouveau [ amd64 ] < 1:1.0.10+git20140220.480f0998-0ubuntu0sarvatt~saucy > ( x11 )
升级之前我必须手动删除所有这些软件包吗？我安装了 xorg-edgers 和 bumblebee/primus（用于我的 optimus 卡），我不想破坏系统。我安装时从未遇到过此类问题，而且我总是使用其他存储库... 对此有什么解决方案？
答案1
我遇到了和你一样的问题。在与/var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log我能够从 13.10 升级到 14.10。
我检查了 apt.log 文件，寻找“未修复”的软件包。以下是示例输出，其中 问题解决程序能够找到解决办法：
Broken libqt5core5a:amd64 Breaks on libqt5core5 [ amd64 ] < 5.0.2+dfsg1-7ubuntu11.1 > ( libs ) (< 5.2.0+dfsg~)
Considering libqt5core5:amd64 -1 as a solution to libqt5core5a:amd64 200
Added libqt5core5:amd64 to the remove list
Fixing libqt5core5a:amd64 via remove of libqt5core5:amd64
MarkDelete libqt5core5 [ amd64 ] < 5.0.2+dfsg1-7ubuntu11.1 > ( libs ) FU=0
如果不是这种情况，您可以删除不需要的包。事实证明，就我的情况而言，解决方案是：
sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-all
这可能是解决你的问题的方法（参见 apt.log 的最后一行），也可能是解决其他用户问题的方法，正如本文所述相关帖子