尽管可以访问 NTFS 分区,但无法启动 Windows 7

尽管可以访问 NTFS 分区,但无法启动 Windows 7

我有一台双启动笔记本电脑(Ubuntu 12.04.4/Windows 7),硬盘出现故障。SMART 当前待处理扇区数已开始上升,系统在 Ubuntu 和 Windows 中启动都需要几分钟。我用另一个容量相同(750GB)的磁盘替换了该磁盘,并尝试使用 dd 命令将所有内容传输到新磁盘。

Ubuntu(逻辑)分区消失了,其先前占用的空间现在显示为扩展分区内的 RAW 空间。我决定重新安装 Ubuntu(14.04),它运行正常,只是它不再提供在 Windows 7 中双启动的选项。在安装过程中,它说没有找到其他操作系统。

奇怪的是,NTFS 分区在那里,它安装在 Ubuntu 中并且可以访问文件。在硬盘克隆期间出现了几个错误,但第一个错误是从 Windows 分区开始的 28GB 左右,所以我猜它不可能对文件系统造成严重损坏。以下是我尝试的一些实用程序的输出:

sudo fdisk -l 

Disk /dev/sda: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders, total 1465149168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x677f9038

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      411647      204800    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2          411648   314984447   157286400    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3       314984448  1434222591   559619072    f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda4      1434222592  1465149167    15463288   12  Compaq diagnostics
/dev/sda5       314986496   323375103     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6       323377152   637949951   157286400   83  Linux

Windows 7 分区为 /dev/sda2。gparted 工具中有一个感叹号,并提供以下信息:

无法读取此文件系统的内容!因此某些操作可能不可用。原因可能是缺少软件包。ntfs 文件系统支持需要以下软件包列表:ntfsprogs / ntfs-3g。

Testdisk 实用程序报告磁头/磁柱不匹配(更换的硬盘是不同的型号):

Disk /dev/sda - 750 GB / 698 GiB - CHS 91201 255 63
Current partition structure:
     Partition                  Start        End    Size in sectors

Warning: number of heads/cylinder mismatches 16 (NTFS) != 255 (HD)
 1 * HPFS - NTFS              0  32 33    25 159  6     409600

Bad relative sector.
Warning: number of heads/cylinder mismatches 16 (NTFS) != 255 (HD)
 2 P HPFS - NTFS             25 159  7 19606 223  9  314572800

Bad relative sector.
 3 E extended LBA         19606 223 10 89276  57 61 1119238144
 4 P Compaq Diagnostics   89276  57 62 91201  80 63   30926576
 5 L Linux Swap           19607   0 42 20129  43 10    8388608
   X extended             20129  65  1 39710 139 45  314573472
 6 L Linux                20129  75 43 39710 139 45  314572800

我也尝试了 ntfsfix,但没有写任何东西:

ntfsfix -n /dev/sda2 
Mounting volume... OK
Processing of $MFT and $MFTMirr completed successfully.
Checking the alternate boot sector... BAD
Error: Failed to fix the alternate boot sector

最后是 ntfsresize:

ntfsresize --info --force --no-progress-bar /dev/sda2
ntfsresize v2013.1.13AR.1 (libntfs-3g)
Device name        : /dev/sda2
NTFS volume version: 3.1
Cluster size       : 4096 bytes
Current volume size: 161061270016 bytes (161062 MB)
Current device size: 161061273600 bytes (161062 MB)
Checking filesystem consistency ...
Inode is corrupt (15996): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16000): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16001): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16003): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16007): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16008): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16009): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16010): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16012): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16014): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16015): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16016): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16017): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16019): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16020): Input/output error
Found stale mft reference in attribute list!
Inode is corrupt (16021): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16022): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16023): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (16038): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (83920): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (171988): Input/output error
Inode is corrupt (172451): Input/output error
Accounting clusters ...
Cluster accounting failed at 118054 (0x1cd26): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118055 (0x1cd27): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118056 (0x1cd28): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118057 (0x1cd29): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118058 (0x1cd2a): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118059 (0x1cd2b): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118060 (0x1cd2c): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118061 (0x1cd2d): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118062 (0x1cd2e): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Cluster accounting failed at 118063 (0x1cd2f): extra cluster in $Bitmap
Filesystem check failed! Totally 426 cluster accounting mismatches.
ERROR: NTFS is inconsistent. Run chkdsk /f on Windows then reboot it TWICE!
The usage of the /f parameter is very IMPORTANT! No modification was
and will be made to NTFS by this software until it gets repaired.

修复分区并使系统再次可双重启动的最安全方法是什么?我没有 Windows 7 DVD,因为我的笔记本电脑在磁盘末尾有一个小的隐藏分区,可用于在发生故障时恢复所有内容,但现在已严重损坏。

答案1

我建议你使用 Windows 恢复光盘。你可以从各种来源(合法)获取这些光盘,但要小心一点——互联网上的随机网站可能有合法软件,也可能含有病毒。请先与 Microsoft 核实。(不过,我没有直接的 URL 可以分享。)这样的磁盘应该能够修复文件系统损坏,前提是副本足够好,分区的内容没有完全被破坏。

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