今晚我的桌面遭受了极大的痛苦，包括一个磁盘上由于损坏（在 /tmp 目录中！？）而导致数据几乎丢失，以及另一个磁盘上的不稳定行为。
一个磁盘用于文件存储，另一个仅用于交换空间。运行后，交换空间硬盘（40gb）给了我此响应（底部）sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda。
我怀疑的问题是硬件 ECC 恢复的值（最近该值从 10000 多位迅速波动到 40000 多位）：
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x000a 252 251 000 Old_age Always - 41212
还有这些错误：
SMART Error Log Version: 1
Warning: ATA error count 31 inconsistent with error log pointer 5
ATA Error Count: 31 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 31 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
01 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: AMNF 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:23:02.400 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:02.400 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:02.384 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:02.368 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:02.368 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 30 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: UNC 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:23:01.072 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:01.056 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:01.040 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:01.024 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:01.024 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 29 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: UNC 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:22:59.728 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:59.712 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:59.696 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:59.680 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:59.680 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 28 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
01 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: AMNF 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:22:58.576 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:58.560 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:58.544 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:58.528 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:58.528 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 27 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: UNC 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:22:57.232 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:57.216 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:57.200 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:57.184 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:57.184 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
总之，我不知道是否要更换驱动器。请帮我弄清楚我是否应该更换它，以及为什么要更换它。非常感谢。
实际产量：
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [i686-linux-3.13.0-24-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Maxtor DiamondMax Plus 8
Device Model: Maxtor 6E040L0
Serial Number: E17ZAE3E
Firmware Version: NAR61590
User Capacity: 40,016,019,456 bytes [40.0 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA/ATAPI-7 T13/1532D revision 0
Local Time is: Wed Jul 2 01:27:30 2014 MDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 1021) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
No General Purpose Logging support.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 17) minutes.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 234 221 063 Pre-fail Always - 5949
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 250 250 000 Old_age Always - 7874
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 253 253 063 Pre-fail Always - 0
6 Read_Channel_Margin 0x0001 253 253 100 Pre-fail Offline - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000a 253 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0027 253 239 187 Pre-fail Always - 50786
9 Power_On_Minutes 0x0032 130 130 000 Old_age Always - 148h+23m
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x002b 253 247 157 Pre-fail Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x002b 253 252 223 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 248 248 000 Old_age Always - 2041
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 252 252 000 Old_age Always - 1406
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 251 251 000 Old_age Always - 10723
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0032 253 253 000 Old_age Always - 39
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x000a 252 251 000 Old_age Always - 41212
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0008 253 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0008 253 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 253 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0008 199 199 000 Old_age Offline - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x000a 253 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
201 Soft_Read_Error_Rate 0x000a 253 250 000 Old_age Always - 0
202 Data_Address_Mark_Errs 0x000a 253 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
203 Run_Out_Cancel 0x000b 253 252 180 Pre-fail Always - 1
204 Soft_ECC_Correction 0x000a 253 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
205 Thermal_Asperity_Rate 0x000a 253 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
207 Spin_High_Current 0x002a 253 247 000 Old_age Always - 0
208 Spin_Buzz 0x002a 253 252 000 Old_age Always - 0
209 Offline_Seek_Performnce 0x0024 184 183 000 Old_age Offline - 0
99 Unknown_Attribute 0x0004 253 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
100 Unknown_Attribute 0x0004 253 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
101 Unknown_Attribute 0x0004 253 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
Warning: ATA error count 31 inconsistent with error log pointer 5
ATA Error Count: 31 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 31 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
01 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: AMNF 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:23:02.400 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:02.400 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:02.384 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:02.368 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:02.368 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 30 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: UNC 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:23:01.072 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:01.056 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:01.040 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:23:01.024 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:23:01.024 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 29 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: UNC 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:22:59.728 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:59.712 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:59.696 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:59.680 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:59.680 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 28 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
01 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: AMNF 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:22:58.576 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:58.560 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:58.544 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:58.528 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:58.528 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 27 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 38693 hours (1612 days + 5 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 04 6c d7 72 e1 Error: UNC 4 sectors at LBA = 0x0172d76c = 24303468
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 04 6c d7 72 e1 08 00:22:57.232 READ DMA
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:57.216 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:57.200 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 45 00 00 00 a0 0a 00:22:57.184 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
f8 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 00:22:57.184 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS [OBS-ACS-3]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
答案1
从https://kb.acronis.com/content/9131：
Hardware ECC Recovered S.M.A.R.T. parameter indicates time between ECC-corrected errors.
原始值会有一点跳跃似乎并不奇怪。