我在一台 64 位机器上安装了 Ubuntu 14.04。我想运行gfortran -m32我的 f77 fortran 代码，该代码也使用 i386 CERN 库。我下载了 Ubuntu 软件包 cernlib、lib32gfortran-4.8-dev 和 gcc-multilib。但是当我运行命令时出现了如下错误：
$ gfortran -m32 -O -o out10 MBpart1ep0.f -L. -lmathlib -lkernlib -Lcuba
/tmp/ccs5Njbz.o: In function `MAIN__':
MBpart1ep0.f:(.text+0x82): undefined reference to `cuhre_'
//usr/local/lib/libmathlib.a(cgamma64.o): In function `wgamma_':
cgamma64.F:(.text+0xd1): undefined reference to `s_wsfi'
cgamma64.F:(.text+0xe5): undefined reference to `do_fio'
cgamma64.F:(.text+0xea): undefined reference to `e_wsfi'
...
要查看我的完整错误，请访问我之前的帖子。
有人说，这些错误是由不兼容的 f2c 库引起的。所以我找到了一个i386 f2c 库适用于 Ubuntu 14.04。如下所示，我在机器上安装了 f2c:i386，替换了一些以前的软件包。但是运行 时出现了新的错误gfortran -m32 ... -lf2c。
gg@gg-VirtualBox:~$ aptitude search f2c
i A f2c - FORTRAN 77 to C/C++ translator
p f2c:i386 - FORTRAN 77 to C/C++ translator
...
gg@gg-VirtualBox:~$ sudo aptitude install f2c:i386
[sudo] password for gg:
The following NEW packages will be installed:
binutils:i386{ab} cpp:i386{ab} cpp-4.8:i386{ab} f2c:i386{b} gcc:i386{ab}
gcc-4.8:i386{ab} gcc-4.8-base:i386{a} gcc-4.9-base:i386{a}
libasan0:i386{a} libatomic1:i386{a} libc6:i386{a} libc6-dev:i386{a}
libcloog-isl4:i386{a} libf2c2:i386{ab} libf2c2-dev:i386{ab}
libgcc-4.8-dev:i386{a} libgcc1:i386{a} libgmp10:i386{a} libgomp1:i386{a}
libisl10:i386{a} libitm1:i386{a} libmpc3:i386{a} libmpfr4:i386{a}
libquadmath0:i386{a} linux-libc-dev:i386{a} zlib1g:i386{a}
The following packages will be upgraded:
linux-libc-dev
1 packages upgraded, 26 newly installed, 0 to remove and 114 not upgraded.
Need to get 22.5 MB of archives. After unpacking 74.5 MB will be used.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libf2c2 : Conflicts: libf2c2:i386 but 20090411-2 is to be installed.
libf2c2:i386 : Conflicts: libf2c2 but 20090411-2 is installed.
cpp-4.8 : Conflicts: cpp-4.8:i386 but 4.8.2-19ubuntu1 is to be installed.
cpp-4.8:i386 : Conflicts: cpp-4.8 but 4.8.2-19ubuntu1 is installed.
binutils : Conflicts: binutils:i386 but 2.24-5ubuntu3 is to be installed.
binutils:i386 : Conflicts: binutils but 2.24-5ubuntu3 is installed.
gcc : Conflicts: gcc:i386 but 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 is to be installed.
gcc:i386 : Conflicts: gcc but 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 is installed.
cpp : Conflicts: cpp:i386 but 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 is to be installed.
cpp:i386 : Conflicts: cpp but 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 is installed.
gcc-4.8 : Conflicts: gcc-4.8:i386 but 4.8.2-19ubuntu1 is to be installed.
gcc-4.8:i386 : Conflicts: gcc-4.8 but 4.8.2-19ubuntu1 is installed.
f2c : Conflicts: f2c:i386 but 20100827-1 is to be installed.
f2c:i386 : Conflicts: f2c but 20100827-1 is installed.
libf2c2-dev : Conflicts: libf2c2-dev:i386 but 20090411-2 is to be installed.
libf2c2-dev:i386 : Conflicts: libf2c2-dev but 20090411-2 is installed.
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
Remove the following packages:
1) f2c
2) fort77
3) libf2c2
4) libf2c2-dev
Keep the following packages at their current version:
5) binutils:i386 [Not Installed]
6) cpp:i386 [Not Installed]
7) cpp-4.8:i386 [Not Installed]
8) gcc:i386 [Not Installed]
9) gcc-4.8:i386 [Not Installed]
Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
10) f2c:i386 recommends gcc:i386
11) libc6-dev:i386 recommends gcc:i386 | c-compiler:i386
Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] y
The following NEW packages will be installed:
f2c:i386 gcc-4.9-base:i386{a} libc6:i386{a} libc6-dev:i386{a}
libf2c2:i386{a} libf2c2-dev:i386{a} libgcc1:i386{a}
linux-libc-dev:i386{a}
The following packages will be REMOVED:
f2c{a} fort77{a} libf2c2{a} libf2c2-dev{a}
The following packages will be upgraded:
linux-libc-dev
The following packages are RECOMMENDED but will NOT be installed:
bcc:i386 clang-3.3:i386 clang-3.4:i386 clang-3.5:i386 gcc:i386
gcc-4.4:i386 gcc-4.6:i386 gcc-4.7:i386 gcc-4.8:i386 tcc:i386
1 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 4 to remove and 114 not upgraded.
Need to get 7,991 kB of archives. After unpacking 21.9 MB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y ...
...
现在使用该-lf2c选项时会出现新错误（ading-lm不起作用）。如果没有此选项，错误与以前相同。
gg@gg-VirtualBox:~/Desktop/myfolder$ gfortran -m32 -O -o out10 MBpart1ep0.f -L. -lmathlib -lkernlib -Lcuba -lf2c
/tmp/cc66Jegn.o: In function `MAIN__':
MBpart1ep0.f:(.text+0x82): undefined reference to `cuhre_'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../libf2c.so: undefined reference to `MAIN__'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
有人知道我该怎么做才能解决这个问题吗？
答案1
我将其MBpart1ep0.f编译为 amd64 二进制文件而不是 i386，因此这可能更容易。
sudo apt-get install gfortran libmathlib2-dev libcuba3-dev
然后我编译了：
gfortran -o out10 MBpart1ep0.f -lmathlib -lcuba
不幸的是，out10文件在调用时立即出现段错误cuhre_。查看代码，问题似乎是该cuhre函数有一个额外的userdata参数。我对 fortran 了解不够，无法弄清楚如何在那里传递一个空参数，但我用以下代码替换了对的调用cuhre：
call cuhre(ndim, ncomp, integrand, 0, epsrel, epsabs, flags,
& mineval, maxeval, key, nregions,
& neval, fail, integral, error, prob)
0因此，只需在参数后面添加参数即可integrand。使用此更改重建它不会出现段错误，并且实际上会打印出结果：
-0.7044994994694501E-01 0.7023304936781998E-05 0.000000000000000
我不太理解代码，所以我不能说这是否正确。我会说我也在 i386 chroot 中重建以查看它是否有任何区别，我们得到了基本相同的值：
-0.7044994994694533E-01 0.7023304934705608E-05 0.3745918505937418E-16