我在 Kubuntu 14.04 LTS 中的窗口管理器遇到了一些奇怪的图形问题。
使用系统一段时间后，我注意到一些影响窗口的伪影。我附上了一些示例
这使得系统无法使用：例如，如果我单击 Dolphin 中的图标，“父”文件夹的图标不会消失，并与我刚刚单击的文件夹的图标重叠。
我无法找出导致这种现象的原因：当我启动系统时，它运行正常，然后过了一段时间，发生了图像中显示的情况。
编辑：这个问题又出现了，我在电脑运行 3 小时后才注意到。谢谢 ellisistfroh，我在终端上启动了你建议的命令。这看起来不像是 Xorg 的问题。我不认为是过热问题，因为如果我注销/登录，问题就会消失。我还尝试重新启动 KWin，但没有成功。
$ egrep "EE|WW" /var/log/Xorg.*
/var/log/Xorg.0.log: (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.756] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.756] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.756] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.756] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.756] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.758] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.774] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.774] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 5.774] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:[ 221.844] (WW) EDID timing clock 328.32 exceeds claimed max 145MHz, fixing
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old: (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.546] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.546] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.547] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.547] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.547] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.549] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.553] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.553] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1541.553] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 1550.426] (WW) EDID timing clock 328.32 exceeds claimed max 145MHz, fixing
/var/log/Xorg.0.log.old:[ 6081.944] (EE) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file.
$ lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 vga
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller [8086:0166] (rev 09)
Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Device [144d:c0d7]
Kernel driver in use: i915
$ tail -n 50 ~/.xsession-errors
Script for none started at run_im.
Script for auto started at run_im.
Script for default started at run_im.
编辑2：我没有指定 GPU 是 HD3000（英特尔集成）其他信息
$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_85"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.6.1) (7u85-2.6.1-5ubuntu0.14.04.1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.85-b03, mixed mode)
$ uname -a
Linux mypc 3.13.0-68-generic #111-Ubuntu SMP Fri Nov 6 18:17:06 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ dpkg-query -l xserver-xorg-core* | grep ^ii
ii xserver-xorg-core 2:1.15.1-0ubuntu2.7
$ dpkg-query -l *-lts-* | grep ^ii
(No info)
$ qdbus org.kde.kwin /KWin supportInformation
KWin Support Information:
The following information should be used when requesting support on e.g. http://forum.kde.org.
It provides information about the currently running instance, which options are used,
what OpenGL driver and which effects are running.
Please post the information provided underneath this introductory text to a paste bin service
like http://paste.kde.org instead of pasting into support threads.
==========================
Version
=======
KWin version: 4.11.11
KDE SC version (runtime): 4.13.3
KDE SC version (compile): 4.13.2
Qt Version: 4.8.6
Options
=======
focusPolicy: 0
nextFocusPrefersMouse: false
clickRaise: true
autoRaise: false
autoRaiseInterval: 0
delayFocusInterval: 0
shadeHover: false
shadeHoverInterval: 250
separateScreenFocus: false
placement: 4
focusPolicyIsReasonable: true
borderSnapZone: 10
windowSnapZone: 10
centerSnapZone: 0
snapOnlyWhenOverlapping: false
showDesktopIsMinimizeAll: false
rollOverDesktops: true
focusStealingPreventionLevel: 1
legacyFullscreenSupport: false
operationTitlebarDblClick:
commandActiveTitlebar1: 0
commandActiveTitlebar2: 30
commandActiveTitlebar3: 2
commandInactiveTitlebar1: 4
commandInactiveTitlebar2: 30
commandInactiveTitlebar3: 2
commandWindow1: 7
commandWindow2: 8
commandWindow3: 8
commandWindowWheel: 31
commandAll1: 10
commandAll2: 3
commandAll3: 14
keyCmdAllModKey: 16777251
showGeometryTip: false
condensedTitle: false
electricBorderMaximize: true
electricBorderTiling: true
electricBorderCornerRatio: 0.25
borderlessMaximizedWindows: false
killPingTimeout: 5000
hideUtilityWindowsForInactive: true
inactiveTabsSkipTaskbar: false
autogroupSimilarWindows: false
autogroupInForeground: true
compositingMode: 1
useCompositing: true
compositingInitialized: true
hiddenPreviews: 1
unredirectFullscreen: false
glSmoothScale: 2
colorCorrected: false
xrenderSmoothScale: false
maxFpsInterval: 16666666
refreshRate: 0
vBlankTime: 6000000
glDirect: true
glStrictBinding: false
glStrictBindingFollowsDriver: true
glLegacy: false
glCoreProfile: false
glPreferBufferSwap: 101
Screen Edges
============
desktopSwitching: false
desktopSwitchingMovingClients: false
cursorPushBackDistance:
timeThreshold: 150
reActivateThreshold: 350
actionTopLeft: 0
actionTop: 0
actionTopRight: 0
actionRight: 0
actionBottomRight: 0
actionBottom: 0
actionBottomLeft: 0
actionLeft: 0
Screens
=======
Multi-Head: no
Active screen follows mouse: no
Number of Screens: 2
Screen 0 Geometry: 0,0,1366x768
Screen 1 Geometry: 1366,0,1280x1024
Decoration
==========
Current Plugin: kwin3_oxygen
Shadows: yes
Alpha: yes
Announces Alpha: yes
Tabbing: yes
Frame Overlap: no
Blur Behind: no
Compositing
===========
Qt Graphics System: raster
Compositing is active
Compositing Type: OpenGL
OpenGL vendor string: Intel Open Source Technology Center
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) Ivybridge Mobile
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 10.1.3
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
Driver: Intel
GPU class: IvyBridge
OpenGL version: 3.0
GLSL version: 1.30
Mesa version: 10.1.3
X server version: 1.15.1
Linux kernel version: 3.13
Direct rendering: yes
Requires strict binding: no
GLSL shaders: yes
Texture NPOT support: yes
Virtual Machine: no
OpenGL 2 Shaders are used
Painting blocks for vertical retrace: no
Loaded Effects:
---------------
kwin4_effect_zoom
kwin4_effect_slidingpopups
kwin4_effect_login
kwin4_effect_minimizeanimation
kwin4_effect_screenshot
kwin4_effect_slide
kwin4_effect_desktopgrid
kwin4_effect_translucency
kwin4_effect_maximize
kwin4_effect_fade
kwin4_effect_highlightwindow
kwin4_effect_taskbarthumbnail
kwin4_effect_dialogparent
kwin4_effect_presentwindows
kwin4_effect_blur
kwin4_effect_logout
kwin4_effect_dashboard
kwin4_effect_screenedge
kwin4_effect_startupfeedback
kwin4_effect_kscreen
Currently Active Effects:
-------------------------
kwin4_effect_blur
Effect Settings:
----------------
kwin4_effect_zoom:
zoomFactor: 1.2
mousePointer: 0
mouseTracking: 0
enableFocusTracking: false
followFocus: true
focusDelay: 350
moveFactor: 20
targetZoom: 1
kwin4_effect_slidingpopups:
fadeInTime: 250
fadeOutTime: 250
kwin4_effect_login:
kwin4_effect_minimizeanimation:
kwin4_effect_screenshot:
kwin4_effect_slide:
kwin4_effect_desktopgrid:
zoomDuration: 300
border: 10
desktopNameAlignment: 0
layoutMode: 0
customLayoutRows: 2
usePresentWindows: true
kwin4_effect_translucency:
kwin4_effect_maximize:
kwin4_effect_fade:
kwin4_effect_highlightwindow:
kwin4_effect_taskbarthumbnail:
kwin4_effect_dialogparent:
kwin4_effect_presentwindows:
layoutMode: 0
showCaptions: true
showIcons: true
doNotCloseWindows: false
ignoreMinimized: false
accuracy: 20
fillGaps: true
fadeDuration: 150
showPanel: false
leftButtonWindow: 1
rightButtonWindow: 2
middleButtonWindow: 0
leftButtonDesktop: 2
middleButtonDesktop: 0
rightButtonDesktop: 0
dragToClose: false
kwin4_effect_blur:
blurRadius: 12
cacheTexture: true
kwin4_effect_logout:
useBlur: true
kwin4_effect_dashboard:
brightness: 0.5
saturation: 0.5
blur: false
kwin4_effect_screenedge:
kwin4_effect_startupfeedback:
kwin4_effect_kscreen:
编辑 3：按照@ellisfroth的建议，我安装了 openjdk-6。我今天早上遇到了这个问题，问题解决了，无需重启。
$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-6-jre-headless openjdk-6-jre openjdk-6-jdk
$ dpkg-query -l openjdk-* | grep ^ii
ii openjdk-6-jdk:amd64 6b36-1.13.8-0ubuntu1~14.04 amd64 OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
ii openjdk-6-jre:amd64 6b36-1.13.8-0ubuntu1~14.04 amd64 OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
ii openjdk-6-jre-headless:amd64 6b36-1.13.8-0ubuntu1~14.04 amd64 OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
ii openjdk-6-jre-lib 6b36-1.13.8-0ubuntu1~14.04 all OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
ii openjdk-7-jdk:amd64 7u85-2.6.1-5ubuntu0.14.04.1 amd64 OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
ii openjdk-7-jre:amd64 7u85-2.6.1-5ubuntu0.14.04.1 amd64 OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
ii openjdk-7-jre-headless:amd64 7u85-2.6.1-5ubuntu0.14.04.1 amd64 OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
$ dpkg-query -l icedtea* | grep ^ii
ii icedtea-6-jre-cacao:amd64 6b36-1.13.8-0ubuntu1~14.04 amd64 Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using Cacao
ii icedtea-6-jre-jamvm:amd64 6b36-1.13.8-0ubuntu1~14.04 amd64 Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using JamVM
ii icedtea-7-jre-jamvm:amd64 7u85-2.6.1-5ubuntu0.14.04.1 amd64 Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using JamVM
ii icedtea-netx:amd64 1.5-1ubuntu1 amd64 NetX - implementation of the Java Network Launching Protocol (JNLP)
ii icedtea-netx-common 1.5-1ubuntu1 all NetX - implementation of the Java Network Launching Protocol (JNLP)
答案1
也可能是这个错误（另请参阅那里的重复错误）：
https://bugs.launchpad.net/debian/+source/openjdk-7/+bug/1512760 标题：Java 应用程序泄漏 shmem 块
也可以看看：https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=799587#20这是 Debian 的参考
如果错误突然出现（缺少来自您的信息），则这可能是由于混乱的更新造成的。
你可以通过查看 APT 历史记录来证明这一点：
$var/log/apt/history.log
$java -版本
告知已安装的版本。等待您的回复...
答案2
如果问题仍然存在，我们应该查看日志文件以便通过终端/Konsole 查找错误（只需 C&P 命令）：
egrep "EE|WW" /var/log/Xorg.0.log*
lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 vga
tail -n 50 ~/.xsession-errors
凭空猜测是没有意义的。这甚至可能是过热的影响，或者是显卡坏了的迹象。检查通风口是否有灰尘！或者一些电力价格协议。
好的，因为我们现在知道它是配备 Intel HD4000 / Nvidia GT650M 的混合显卡笔记本电脑 - 我们需要更多信息：
uname -a
dpkg-query -l xserver-xorg-core* | grep ^ii
dpkg-query -l *-lts-* | grep ^ii
qdbus org.kde.kwin /KWin supportInformation