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更新 gcc-4.9-base（及类似）软件包时的依赖问题

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更新 gcc-4.9-base（及类似）软件包时的依赖问题

我通常会自己检查更新，以确保我拥有最新的一切。当我今天再次检查更新时，列表中没有任何内容！所以我Install Now还是点击了。软件更新程序给了我以下错误：

无法解析软件包依赖关系。
此错误可能是由于缺少或无法安装所需的附加软件包而导致的。此外，还可能是不允许同时安装的软件包之间存在冲突。

我的 Ubuntu 面板上还出现了一个红色图标，显示以​​下消息：

发生错误，请从右键菜单运行软件包管理器或在终端中运行 apt-get 来查看错误所在。错误消息为：“错误：标记升级（E:Error，pkgProblemResolver::Resolve 生成​​中断，这可能是由暂停的软件包引起的。”）。这通常意味着您安装的软件包具有未满足的依赖关系。

。所以我打开了 Synaptic，然后单击了Mark All Upgrades。它要删除至少一百个不同的软件包（其中很多对于 Ubuntu 的运行至关重要！），以便只安装少数几个！当我无论如何标记它们时，我得到了：

E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

W: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
W: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension

我决定点击Edit > Fix Broken Packages，但这样做之后我得到：

E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies

软件包gvfs-daemons和libstdc++6被标记为损坏，但我不想为了解决依赖关系而删除那么多软件包。我该怎么办？！？

输出sudo apt-get install -f：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.
N: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
N: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension

输出sudo apt-get install --reinstall gvfs-daemons libstdc++6：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.
Need to get 660 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main gvfs-daemons amd64 1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2 [108 kB]
Get:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/dolphin-emu/gcc-for-dolphin/ubuntu/ trusty/main libstdc++6 amd64 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04 [269 kB]
Get:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/dolphin-emu/gcc-for-dolphin/ubuntu/ trusty/main libstdc++6 i386 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04 [283 kB]
Fetched 660 kB in 10s (60.1 kB/s)                                              
(Reading database ... 1325331 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libstdc++6_4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libstdc++6:amd64 (4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04) over (4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libstdc++6_4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04_i386.deb ...
Unpacking libstdc++6:i386 (4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04) over (4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04) ...
Setting up libstdc++6:amd64 (4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04) ...
Setting up libstdc++6:i386 (4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...
(Reading database ... 1325331 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../gvfs-daemons_1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gvfs-daemons (1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2) over (1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2) ...
Setting up gvfs-daemons (1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2) ...
N: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
N: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension

输出apt-cache policy gvfs-daemons x11-utils libstdc++6 gcc-4.9-base：

gvfs-daemons:
  Installed: 1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2
  Candidate: 1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2
  Version table:
 *** 1.20.3-0ubuntu1.2 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     1.20.1-1ubuntu1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty/main amd64 Packages
x11-utils:
  Installed: 7.7+1
  Candidate: 7.7+1
  Version table:
 *** 7.7+1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libstdc++6:
  Installed: 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04
  Candidate: 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04
  Version table:
 *** 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04 0
        500 ppa.launchpad.net/dolphin-emu/… trusty/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
     4.8.2-19ubuntu1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty/main amd64 Packages
gcc-4.9-base:
  Installed: 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04
  Candidate: 4.9.3-0ubuntu4
  Version table:
     4.9.3-0ubuntu4 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-proposed/main amd64 Packages
 *** 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04 0
        500 ppa.launchpad.net/dolphin-emu/… trusty/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     4.9.1-0ubuntu1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
     4.9-20140406-0ubuntu1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty/main amd64 Packages
N: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
N: Ignoring file 'getdeb.list.bck' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension

更新：问题又出现了。正如之前所建议的，trusty-proposed源仍然未选中，但现在主频道 ( trusty-updates) 中出现了同样的问题。我需要解决依赖关系，否则我将无法轻松更新所有内容。我已将信息存储在Ubuntu Pastebin。

答案1

正如您在输出中看到的apt-cache policy gvfs-daemons x11-utils libstdc++6 gcc-4.9-base，的安装候选项gcc-4.9-base是4.9.3-0ubuntu4：

gcc-4.9-base:
  Installed: 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04
  Candidate: 4.9.3-0ubuntu4
  Version table:
     4.9.3-0ubuntu4 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-proposed/main amd64 Packages
 *** 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04 0
        500 ppa.launchpad.net/dolphin-emu/… trusty/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     4.9.1-0ubuntu1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
     4.9-20140406-0ubuntu1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty/main amd64 Packages

此版本可用在trusty-proposed。

但问题是，libstdc++6有版本4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04，并且没有要安装的版本的候选项，并且和4.9.3-0ubuntu4的版本必须完全相同。libstdc++6gcc-4.9-base

libstdc++6:
  Installed: 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04
  Candidate: 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04
  Version table:
 *** 4.9.2-0ubuntu1~14.04 0
        500 ppa.launchpad.net/dolphin-emu/… trusty/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
     4.8.2-19ubuntu1 0
        500 archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty/main amd64 Packages

因此，请禁用trusty-proposed：

sudo sed -i '/trusty-proposed/d' /etc/apt/sources.list

和修复

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f

针对您问题中的更新进行更新：

升级

sudo apt-get install gcc-4.9-base=4.9.3-0ubuntu4

降级

sudo apt-get install libstdc++6=4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04

安装

sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8-base

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