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Bash 脚本在命令行上运行但在启动时不起作用

tag-icon • tag-icon command-line bash openvpn
Bash 脚本在命令行上运行但在启动时不起作用

让我换一种方式问：

当用户连接到 OpenVPN 时，至少有 (2) 种方法可以自动调用 bash 脚本：

  1. 将脚本放在/etc/network/if-up.d文件夹中
  2. 将脚本重命名为“learn-address”并修改server.conf文件

我都试过了，但都没用

up.sh当我以 root 身份从命令行运行以下脚本时，它运行完美。

但是，我不想每次有新用户连接到 OpenVPN 时都手动调用此脚本，通过 tc（qdisc）单独限制每个用户（用户 1、用户 2、用户 3）的带宽，而是希望每次有新用户连接到 OpenVPN 时都自动调用此脚本，而不会影响当前用户的带宽

我尝试将脚本移动到以下文件夹/etc/network/if-up.d，以便在新用户连接到 OpenVPN 时执行它，但是由于某种原因，该脚本没有被调用（它不会对 qdisc 进行任何更改），但它完全相同的脚本，并且当我从命令行执行它时运行良好。

我还尝试将脚本重命名为，learn-address.sh并将其放在以下文件夹中，/etc/openvpn/netem/learn-address.sh以便在 OpenVPN 学习到新地址时自动调用，但这也不起作用

我还更新了 server.conf 文件，内容如下

脚本安全 3

学习地址 /etc/openvpn/netem/learn-address.sh

和

脚本安全 3

启动 /etc/network/if-up.d/up.sh

但它也没有用

最后，我还尝试更新文件/etc/sudoers.tmp以授予脚本权限，但这似乎也无济于事（请参阅文章末尾）

我正在运行 Ubuntu 14.04

非常感谢您的帮助

下面是名为 up.sh 的脚本，当我从命令行调用它时它会起作用：

#!/bin/bash  
# Full path to tc binary 

TC=$(which tc)

#
# NETWORK CONFIGURATION
# interface - name of your interface device
# interface_speed - speed in mbit of your $interface
# ip - IP address of your server, change this if you don't want to use
#      the default catch all filters.
#
interface=eth0
interface_speed=100mbit
ip=4.1.2.3 # The IP address bound to the interface

# Define the upload and download speed limit, follow units can be 
# passed as a parameter:
# kbps: Kilobytes per second
# mbps: Megabytes per second
# kbit: kilobits per second
# mbit: megabits per second
# bps: Bytes per second
download_limit=512kbit
upload_limit=10mbit    


# Filter options for limiting the intended interface.
FILTER="$TC filter add dev $interface protocol ip parent 1: prio 1 u32"

#
# This function starts the TC rules and limits the upload and download speed
# per already configured earlier.
# 

function start_tc { 
    tc qdisc show dev $interface | grep -q "qdisc pfifo_fast 0"  
    [ "$?" -gt "0" ] && tc qdisc del dev $interface root; sleep 1  

    # start the tc configuration
    $TC qdisc add dev $interface root handle 1: htb default 30
    $TC class add dev $interface parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate $interface_speed burst 15k

    $TC class add dev $interface parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate $download_limit burst 15k
    $TC class add dev $interface parent 1:1 classid 1:20 htb rate $upload_limit burst 15k

    $TC qdisc add dev $interface parent 1:10 handle 10: sfq perturb 10
    $TC qdisc add dev $interface parent 1:20 handle 20: sfq perturb 10

    # Apply the filter rules
    
    # Catch-all IP rules, which will set global limit on the server
    # for all IP addresses on the server. 
    $FILTER match ip dst 0.0.0.0/0 flowid 1:10
    $FILTER match ip src 0.0.0.0/0 flowid 1:20

    # If you want to limit the upload/download limit based on specific IP address
    # you can comment the above catch-all filter and uncomment these:
    #
    # $FILTER match ip dst $ip/32 flowid 1:10
    # $FILTER match ip src $ip/32 flowid 1:20
}

#
# Removes the network speed limiting and restores the default TC configuration
#
function stop_tc {
    tc qdisc show dev $interface | grep -q "qdisc pfifo_fast 0"
    [ "$?" -gt "0" ] && tc qdisc del dev $interface root
}

function show_status {
        $TC -s qdisc ls dev $interface
}
#
# Display help 
#
function display_help {
        echo "Usage: tc [OPTION]"
        echo -e "\tstart - Apply the tc limit"
        echo -e "\tstop - Remove the tc limit"
        echo -e "\tstatus - Show status"
}

# Start
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
        display_help
elif [ "$1" == "start" ]; then
        start_tc
elif [ "$1" == "stop" ]; then
        stop_tc
elif [ "$1" == "status" ]; then
        show_status
fi

以下是我也更新的文件：

/etc/sudoers.tmp

#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of
# directly modifying this file.
#
# See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.
#
Defaults        env_reset
Defaults        mail_badpass
Defaults        secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"

# Host alias specification

# User alias specification

# Cmnd alias specification    

# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
#nobody ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/lib/tc
nobody ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/lib/tc
www-data ALL=NOPASSWD: /user/lib/tc
root ALL=NOPASSWD: /user/lib/tc
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
nobody  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD
nobody  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/openvpn/netem/learn-address.sh
root  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/openvpn/netem/learn-address.sh
www-data  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/openvpn/netem/learn-address.sh
nobody  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/openvpn/netem/up.sh
www-data  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/openvpn/netem/up.sh
root  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/openvpn/netem/up.sh
nobody  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/network/if-up.d/up.sh
www-data  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/network/if-up.d/up.sh
root  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /etc/network/if-up.d/up.sh  
    
# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

# See sudoers(5) for more information on "#include" directives:

#includedir /etc/sudoers.d

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