我从 Kubuntu 16.04 升级到了 16.10，现在无法启动，我可以从 systemd 获取恢复控制台。systemd 抱怨说，由于等待设备超时，它无法挂载交换和本地分区。
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0c4415bd\x2d91c9\x2d4434\x2dbace\x2dbe02ee0a8082.device: Job dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0c4415bd\x2d91c9\x2d4434\x2dbace\x2dbe02ee0a8082.device/start timed out.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0c4415bd\x2d91c9\x2d4434\x2dbace\x2dbe02ee0a8082.device.
-- Subject: Unit dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0c4415bd\x2d91c9\x2d4434\x2dbace\x2dbe02ee0a8082.device has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
--
-- Unit dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0c4415bd\x2d91c9\x2d4434\x2dbace\x2dbe02ee0a8082.device has failed.
--
-- The result is timeout.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /home/marcin/Kelvatek.
-- Subject: Unit home-marcin-Kelvatek.mount has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
--
-- Unit home-marcin-Kelvatek.mount has failed.
--
-- The result is dependency.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Local File Systems.
-- Subject: Unit local-fs.target has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
--
-- Unit local-fs.target has failed.
--
-- The result is dependency.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Clean up any mess left by 0dns-up.
-- Subject: Unit dns-clean.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
--
-- Unit dns-clean.service has failed.
--
-- The result is dependency.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: dns-clean.service: Job dns-clean.service/start failed with result 'dependency'.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: local-fs.target: Job local-fs.target/start failed with result 'dependency'.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: local-fs.target: Triggering OnFailure= dependencies.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: home-marcin-Kelvatek.mount: Job home-marcin-Kelvatek.mount/start failed with result 'dependency'.
lis 10 13:16:06 marcin-HP-ProBook-6570b systemd[1]: Dependency failed for File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082.
-- Subject: Unit systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0c4415bd\x2d91c9\x2d4434\x2dbace\x2dbe02ee0a8082.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
--
-- Unit systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-0c4415bd\x2d91c9\x2d4434\x2dbace\x2dbe02ee0a8082.service has failed.
--
-- The result is dependency.
还有一些类似的错误。
我检查了 /etc/fstab 中分区的 uuid 是否正确。内核似乎还具有 systemd 所需的所有配置选项。那么问题出在哪里？
以下是有关我的系统的一些信息。
/etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda8 during installation
UUID=65f0c8b8-f351-4ad8-aab7-da5093864282 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /sda6 was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=b189aa58-3e5f-40fb-a0ab-fbf502975afd /sda6 ext4 defaults 0 2
# /sda7 was on /dev/sda7 during installation
#UUID=0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082 /sda7 ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082 /home/marcin/Kelvatek ext4 defaults 0 2
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=2ecf9719-2fbd-4e40-bd3f-8832e07c4940 none swap sw 0 0
块
/dev/sda1: LABEL="SYSTEM" UUID="36BA6BB6BA6B7173" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="9417f9fb-01"
/dev/sda2: UUID="C43A48D13A48C1E2" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="9417f9fb-02"
/dev/sda4: LABEL="HP_TOOLS" UUID="AA18-B4E7" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="9417f9fb-04"
/dev/sda5: UUID="2ecf9719-2fbd-4e40-bd3f-8832e07c4940" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="9417f9fb-05"
/dev/sda6: UUID="b189aa58-3e5f-40fb-a0ab-fbf502975afd" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="9417f9fb-06"
/dev/sda7: UUID="0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="9417f9fb-07"
/dev/sda8: UUID="65f0c8b8-f351-4ad8-aab7-da5093864282" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="9417f9fb-08"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="4C40-5FAD" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="91f72d24-01"
lsblk -f
NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT
sdb
└─sdb1 vfat 4C40-5FAD /media/pen
sr0
sda
├─sda4 vfat HP_TOOLS AA18-B4E7
├─sda2 ntfs C43A48D13A48C1E2
├─sda7 ext4 0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082
├─sda5 swap 2ecf9719-2fbd-4e40-bd3f-8832e07c4940
├─sda3
├─sda1 ntfs SYSTEM 36BA6BB6BA6B7173
├─sda8 ext4 65f0c8b8-f351-4ad8-aab7-da5093864282 /
└─sda6 ext4 b189aa58-3e5f-40fb-a0ab-fbf502975afd
udevadm 信息 /dev/sda7
P: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda7
N: sda7
S: disk/by-id/ata-Hitachi_HTS727550A9E364_J3320082GY2ARA-part7
S: disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000cca68acd3791-part7
S: disk/by-partuuid/9417f9fb-07
S: disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.2-ata-1-part7
S: disk/by-uuid/0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082
E: DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.2-ata-1-part7 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-Hitachi_HTS727550A9E364_J3320082GY2ARA-part7 /dev/disk/by-partuuid/9417f9fb-07 /dev/disk/by-uuid/0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082 /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000cca68acd3791-part7
E: DEVNAME=/dev/sda7
E: DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda7
E: DEVTYPE=partition
E: ID_ATA=1
E: ID_ATA_DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM_CURRENT_VALUE=128
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM_ENABLED=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PM=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PM_ENABLED=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ENABLED=0
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ENHANCED_ERASE_UNIT_MIN=124
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ERASE_UNIT_MIN=122
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_FROZEN=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART=1
E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART_ENABLED=1
E: ID_ATA_ROTATION_RATE_RPM=7200
E: ID_ATA_SATA=1
E: ID_ATA_SATA_SIGNAL_RATE_GEN1=1
E: ID_ATA_SATA_SIGNAL_RATE_GEN2=1
E: ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE=1
E: ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE_ENABLED=1
E: ID_BUS=ata
E: ID_FS_TYPE=ext4
E: ID_FS_USAGE=filesystem
E: ID_FS_UUID=0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082
E: ID_FS_UUID_ENC=0c4415bd-91c9-4434-bace-be02ee0a8082
E: ID_FS_VERSION=1.0
E: ID_MODEL=Hitachi_HTS727550A9E364
E: ID_MODEL_ENC=Hitachi\x20HTS727550A9E364\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20
E: ID_PART_ENTRY_DISK=8:0
E: ID_PART_ENTRY_NUMBER=7
E: ID_PART_ENTRY_OFFSET=525309952
E: ID_PART_ENTRY_SCHEME=dos
E: ID_PART_ENTRY_SIZE=437495808
E: ID_PART_ENTRY_TYPE=0x83
E: ID_PART_ENTRY_UUID=9417f9fb-07
E: ID_PART_TABLE_TYPE=dos
E: ID_PART_TABLE_UUID=9417f9fb
E: ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1f.2-ata-1
E: ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1f_2-ata-1
E: ID_REVISION=JF3OA0E0
E: ID_SERIAL=Hitachi_HTS727550A9E364_J3320082GY2ARA
E: ID_SERIAL_SHORT=J3320082GY2ARA
E: ID_TYPE=disk
E: ID_WWN=0x5000cca68acd3791
E: ID_WWN_WITH_EXTENSION=0x5000cca68acd3791
E: MAJOR=8
E: MINOR=7
E: PARTN=7
E: SUBSYSTEM=block
E: USEC_INITIALIZED=6825467
答案1
升级到 Ubuntu 16.10 后我遇到了同样的问题。
第一个可能的解决方案
我找到了一个可能的解决方案systemd 问题 3446在哪里伊兹托克·杰拉斯刚刚安装了 udev ( sudo apt install -y udev)。
它并没有永久地修复我的问题。我运行后，下次启动成功，sudo dpkg-reconfigure udev但下次启动时我又遇到了这个问题。
如果安装udev不适合您，您可以考虑参加在启动板上打开 systemd 问题。
第二种可能的解决方案
添加selinux=1 enforcing=0到你的内核参数。在某些情况下，这似乎是一个 bug，但对我没用
我目前遇到了相同的（未解决的）症状，无法在我的系统上修复它们。这些错误消息似乎有很多原因（加密设置似乎是其中之一，但与您的情况无关）。
奇怪的是，在我的情况下，启动成功率只有十次之一。所以这可能是我的情况的依赖性问题。