未检测到声卡。
$ lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio"
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio (rev 21)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 32, IRQ 16
Memory at 94328000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Memory at 94310000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel, snd_soc_skl
$ sudo modprobe snd-hda-intel
$ aplay -l
aplay: device_list:268: no soundcards found...
$cat /proc/asound/cards
--- no soundcards ---
我的内核：
$ uname -r
4.4.0-57-generic
重新安装alsa-utils并alsa-base。我仍然得到：
$ alsamixer
cannot open mixer: No such file or directory