我有一个全新安装的 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS，但由于我的机器在公司防火墙/代理后面运行，我不知道如何克服这些障碍。我知道我们有一个公司代理，我有使用它的服务器/端口/用户名/密码，但我不知道这是否能解决我的问题。我可能仍需要将包源添加到我们的白名单 IP 地址列表中。
首先，这是我在尝试安装任何软件包时收到的错误消息。
sudo apt install software-center
[sudo] password for alilland:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package software-center is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source
E: Package 'software-center' has no installation candidates
我该从哪里开始解开公司给我造成的结呢？
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当我sudo apt-get update收到以下错误时...
alilland@TI-AronLilland:~$ sudo apt-get update
[sudo] password for alilland:
. . . .
Reading package lists... Done
W: The repository 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security/main/binary-i386/Packages 407 Authorization Required
E: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-amd64/Packages 407 Authorization Required
E: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates/main/binary-amd64/Packages 407 Authorization Required
E: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-backports/main/binary-amd64/Packages 407 Authorization Required
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
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添加代理后，htttp://[username]:[password]@[ip address]:[port]我现在收到不同的错误消息，而不是407 Authorization Required我现在看到的403 Forbidden
. . . .
E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security/main/binary-i386/Packages 403 Forbidden
E: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-amd64/Packages 403 Forbidden
E: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates/main/binary-amd64/Packages 403 Forbidden
E: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-backports/main/binary-amd64/Packages 403 Forbidden
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
答案1
对于临时代理设置..我的意思是仅针对当前会话运行以下命令：
export http_proxy=http://yourproxyaddress:proxyport
要永久添加此代理设置，请编辑 apt.conf 文件
gksudo gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf
并添加以下行：
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://yourproxyaddress:proxyport";