☰

在 Ubuntu 16.04 上使用 pip 安装 ipython

tag-icon • tag-icon 16.04 python pip ipython
在 Ubuntu 16.04 上使用 pip 安装 ipython

当我想安装伊帕特里克和点子在我的新Ubuntu 16.04安装后，我得到这个：

$ pip install ipython --user
Collecting ipython
  Downloading ipython-5.4.1-py2-none-any.whl (757kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 757kB 821kB/s 
Collecting pickleshare (from ipython)
  Downloading pickleshare-0.7.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting simplegeneric>0.8 (from ipython)
  Downloading simplegeneric-0.8.1.zip
Collecting traitlets>=4.2 (from ipython)
  Downloading traitlets-4.3.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (74kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 81kB 1.3MB/s 
Collecting backports.shutil-get-terminal-size; python_version == "2.7" (from ipython)
  Downloading backports.shutil_get_terminal_size-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting decorator (from ipython)
  Downloading decorator-4.0.11-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pygments (from ipython)
  Downloading Pygments-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (841kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 849kB 829kB/s 
Collecting pexpect; sys_platform != "win32" (from ipython)
  Downloading pexpect-4.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (55kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 1.3MB/s 
Collecting pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3" (from ipython)
  Downloading pathlib2-2.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=18.5 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from ipython)
Collecting prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4 (from ipython)
  Downloading prompt_toolkit-1.0.14-py2-none-any.whl (248kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 256kB 1.1MB/s 
Collecting enum34; python_version == "2.7" (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
  Downloading enum34-1.1.6-py2-none-any.whl
Collecting six (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
  Downloading six-1.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting ipython-genutils (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython)
  Downloading ipython_genutils-0.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting ptyprocess>=0.5 (from pexpect; sys_platform != "win32"->ipython)
  Downloading ptyprocess-0.5.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting scandir; python_version < "3.5" (from pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3"->ipython)
  Downloading scandir-1.5.tar.gz
Collecting wcwidth (from prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4->ipython)
  Downloading wcwidth-0.1.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Building wheels for collected packages: simplegeneric, scandir
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for simplegeneric ... done
  Stored in directory: /home/manu/.cache/pip/wheels/7b/31/08/c85e74c84188cbec6a6827beec4d640f2bd78ae003dc1ec09d
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for scandir ... error
  Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-dPd3d3/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmpDLgZXopip-wheel- --python-tag cp27:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  copying scandir.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  running build_ext
  building '_scandir' extension
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
  x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _scandir.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_scandir.o
  _scandir.c:14:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
   #include <Python.h>
                      ^
  compilation terminated.
  error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for scandir
  Running setup.py clean for scandir
Successfully built simplegeneric
Failed to build scandir
Installing collected packages: six, scandir, pathlib2, pickleshare, simplegeneric, enum34, decorator, ipython-genutils, traitlets, backports.shutil-get-terminal-size, pygments, ptyprocess, pexpect, wcwidth, prompt-toolkit, ipython
  Running setup.py install for scandir ... error
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-dPd3d3/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-H_p3nS-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --user --prefix=:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    copying scandir.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    running build_ext
    building '_scandir' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _scandir.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_scandir.o
    _scandir.c:14:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include <Python.h>
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-dPd3d3/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-H_p3nS-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --user --prefix=" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-dPd3d3/scandir/

有趣的是：

Failed building wheel for scandir

我怎样才能摆脱它？

答案1

尝试一下：

$ sudo apt-get install python-dev

然后重试：

$ pip install ipython --user

现在它应该可以工作了。

答案2

我在 Ubuntu 16.04 服务器上遇到了同样的Failed building wheel for scandir错误。根本问题是没有安装 gcc，而它用于构建scandir。

安装 gcc 之后问题就消失了：

sudo apt-get install gcc

我认为 OP 的问题与缺少头文件（而不是缺少 gcc）有关，但我想在这里提一下，因为缺少 gcc 的用户可能也会找到这个页面。

相关内容