我安装了一些软件包，要查看已安装软件包的列表，请参见这里我离开办公桌，锁上电脑，屏幕恢复黑屏，然后才登录。
我搜索了谷歌，发现这告诉我重新启动服务，所以我运行sudo service lightdm --full-restart它打开我的登录屏幕，输入我的密码，然后登录到一个黑屏，上面有一个 Komodo 图标和我的鼠标光标。所以我又搜索了一下，发现这和这。我尝试了这两种方法，但都没有任何效果。
所以我假设我必须重新安装 Ubuntu 桌面，或者从备份运行。运行时我遇到的唯一问题sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop --reinstall是unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages：
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ubuntu-desktop : Depends: software-center but it is not going to be installed
Depends: ubuntu-sso-client but it is not going to be installed
Depends: unity but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: bluez-alsa but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: empathy but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: firefox but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: gnome-disk-utility but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: gnome-orca but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: landscape-client-ui-install but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: pulse-audio-module-x11 but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: totem-mozilla but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: ttf-punjabi-fonts but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: vino but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages
这些听起来都很重要，而且好像应该已经安装了，所以我的问题很简单，我现在到底该怎么做？我该如何成功解决这个问题？
答案1
首先通过 清除缓存sudo apt-get autoremove && sudo apt-get clear cache，然后输入sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade。我认为这肯定会起作用。
答案2
对于任何找到此帖子并遇到类似问题的人。我最终只是从 USB 重新启动到 Linux 安装程序，并在损坏的安装之上重新安装 Ubuntu。我仍然不确定为什么会发生这种情况，是什么原因造成的，或者如何使固定它。如果我碰巧发现更多相关信息，我将更新此答案。
答案3
用新的 sources.list 替换了原来的
apt-get dist-upgrade
进而
apt-get 安装 ubuntu 桌面
现在它工作正常