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在 Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS 上安装 Firefox 驱动程序

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在 Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS 上安装 Firefox 驱动程序

我已经在 Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS 上安装了 Firefox 驱动程序，它安装在

$ which firefox
/usr/bin/firefox

我正在使用以下简单的 Python 脚本来测试 Selenium

#!/usr/bin/env python
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
display = Display(visible=0, size=(1024, 768))
display.start()
#binary = FirefoxBinary('/usr/bin/firefox')
browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('http://www.ubuntu.com/')
print(browser.page_source)
browser.close()
display.stop()

我收到以下错误：

File "tests.py", line 16, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 162, in __init__
    keep_alive=True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 154, in __init__
    self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 243, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 312, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: Process unexpectedly closed with status 1

完整版本信息：

Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial

这是 100% 操作系统问题，因为我在其他操作系统（如 Windows 和 macOS）上测试过，代码可以正常工作。任何帮助都将不胜感激。

阅读建议的重复线程提供的解决方案之一是进行调查geckodriver.log。我geckodriver.log所说的

1524778083599   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524778083603   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:58448
1524778084607   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "/usr/bin/firefox" "-marionette" "-profile" "/tmp/rust_mozprofile.xBi1jOarZ06h"
Failed to connect to Mir: Failed to connect to server socket: No such file or directory

在命令行中我导出了如下显示

$ export DISPLAY=:0

导出后，geckodriver.log 显示

 1524778146749  geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
 1524778146753  geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:55524
 1524778147756  mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "/usr/bin/firefox" "-marionette" "-profile" "/tmp/rust_mozprofile.nWOzb0ngG3gm"

但现在我在命令行上收到以下错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "tests.py", line 16, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 162, in __init__
    keep_alive=True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 154, in __init__
    self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 243, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 312, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Failed to start browser /usr/bin/firefox: other os error

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