症状：
从锁定状态唤醒，或进入登录屏幕，或任何时候外部显示器唤醒，都有大约 30% 的可能性出现黑屏死机和计算机冻结，导致我不得不硬重启计算机。
硬件：
ThinkPad 480
英伟达：
Thu Aug 9 08:54:26 2018
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 390.48 Driver Version: 390.48 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 GeForce MX150 Off | 00000000:01:00.0 Off | N/A |
| N/A 48C P0 N/A / N/A | 1202MiB / 2002MiB | 0% Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: GPU Memory |
| GPU PID Type Process name Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| 0 1855 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 103MiB |
| 0 2453 G /usr/bin/gnome-shell 49MiB |
| 0 3231 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 565MiB |
| 0 3581 G /usr/bin/gnome-shell 229MiB |
| 0 5067 G ...-token=054321E10AA659533AF9D7CF1C680106 116MiB |
| 0 6813 G ...-token=A77B6F64CFBEA425929ADF8ED6CA7D36 74MiB |
| 0 6825 G ...-token=C5D0893F365511906D78B3B2014F700E 63MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
GPU管理器：
last_boot_file: /var/lib/ubuntu-drivers-common/last_gfx_boot
new_boot_file: /var/lib/ubuntu-drivers-common/last_gfx_boot
can't access /opt/amdgpu-pro/bin/amdgpu-pro-px
Looking for nvidia modules in /lib/modules/4.15.0-30-generic/updates/dkms
Found nvidia module: nvidia-uvm.ko
Looking for amdgpu modules in /lib/modules/4.15.0-30-generic/updates/dkms
Is nvidia loaded? yes
Was nvidia unloaded? no
Is nvidia blacklisted? no
Is intel loaded? yes
Is radeon loaded? no
Is radeon blacklisted? no
Is amdgpu loaded? no
Is amdgpu blacklisted? no
Is amdgpu versioned? no
Is amdgpu pro stack? no
Is nouveau loaded? no
Is nouveau blacklisted? yes
Is nvidia kernel module available? yes
Is amdgpu kernel module available? no
Vendor/Device Id: 8086:5917
BusID "PCI:0@0:2:0"
Is boot vga? yes
Vendor/Device Id: 10de:1d10
BusID "PCI:1@0:0:0"
Is boot vga? no
Skipping "/dev/dri/card1", driven by "i915"
Skipping "/dev/dri/card0", driven by "nvidia-drm"
Skipping "/dev/dri/card1", driven by "i915"
Skipping "/dev/dri/card0", driven by "nvidia-drm"
Skipping "/dev/dri/card1", driven by "i915"
Skipping "/dev/dri/card0", driven by "nvidia-drm"
Found "/dev/dri/card1", driven by "i915"
output 0:
card1-DP-6
output 1:
card1-eDP-1
output 2:
card1-DP-5
Number of connected outputs for /dev/dri/card1: 3
Does it require offloading? yes
last cards number = 2
Has amd? no
Has intel? yes
Has nvidia? yes
How many cards? 2
Has the system changed? No
Intel IGP detected
Intel hybrid system
Nvidia driver version 390.48 detected
Creating /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/11-nvidia-prime.conf
错误：
[Thu Aug 9 08:48:20 2018] [drm:intel_mst_enable_dp [i915]] *ERROR* Timed out waiting for ACT sent
[Thu Aug 9 08:48:21 2018] [drm:intel_cpu_fifo_underrun_irq_handler [i915]] *ERROR* CPU pipe A FIFO underrun
[Thu Aug 9 08:48:41 2018] [drm:intel_mst_enable_dp [i915]] *ERROR* Timed out waiting for ACT sent
想法：
i915 是我的英特尔显卡，永远不应该使用它。我没有安装 bumblebee，我正在使用 xserver，而不是 wayland，据我所知，它只能使用一张卡，而且不能切换。我清除了几次 nvidia 390 驱动程序并重新安装。我还尝试了 nvidia beta 驱动程序，这让事情变得更糟。