更新到 18.04 后，我的声音设置全乱了。我使用的是外置 USB 声卡。
pacmd list-sinks：
2 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <alsa_output.usb-0d8c_USB_Sound_Device-00.iec958-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 9048
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0.00 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 2000.00 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.usb-0d8c_USB_Sound_Device-00>
module: 8
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "USB Audio"
alsa.id = "USB Audio"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "2"
alsa.card_name = "USB Sound Device"
alsa.long_card_name = "USB Sound Device at usb-0000:00:14.0-6.1.4, full speed"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:6.1.4:1.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-6/3-6.1/3-6.1.4/3-6.1.4:1.0/sound/card2"
udev.id = "usb-0d8c_USB_Sound_Device-00"
device.bus = "usb"
device.vendor.id = "0d8c"
device.vendor.name = "C-Media Electronics, Inc."
device.product.id = "0102"
device.product.name = "CM106 Like Sound Device"
device.serial = "0d8c_USB_Sound_Device"
device.string = "iec958:2"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "iec958-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (IEC958)"
device.description = "CM106 Like Sound Device Digital Stereo (IEC958)"
alsa.mixer_name = "USB Mixer"
alsa.components = "USB0d8c:0102"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb"
ports:
iec958-stereo-output: Digital Output (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
active port: <iec958-stereo-output>
index: 1
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 9039
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0.00 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 2
sample spec: s32le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 185.76 ms
card: 2 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 9
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "32"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC3232 Analog"
alsa.id = "ALC3232 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf2634000 irq 30"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "8c20"
device.product.name = "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:1"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC3232"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0292,17aa2210,00100001"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
active port: <analog-output-speaker>
显然，目标是使用 USB 设备作为主输出。我不知道为什么它是“挂起”或“空闲”。此外，设置部分（“左前”、“右前”）中的扬声器测试应用程序不会发出任何测试声音。
答案1
如果没有播放声音，则显示“暂停”和“空闲”
USB 设备设置为数字音频播放 (spdif)
Realtek ALC3232 设置为模拟立体声播放
我怀疑您可能想将 USB 设备更改为与其他设备相同的模拟播放设备？
如果是，请转到pavucontrol --tab 5（Pulseaudio 音量控制配置选项卡）
列出的第一个设备是卡 0 (USB)
使用下拉菜单将配置文件更改为“模拟立体声播放”