最近，我们使用 apt-get install 来安装“任何东西”，我得到以下内容：
amr@Ubuntu-Latitude-E6410:~$ sudo apt-get install printer-
driver-cups-pdf
[sudo] password for amr:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-
generic but it is not going to be installed
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-34-generic : Depends: linux-image-
4.15.0-34-generic but it is not going to be installed or
linux-image-
unsigned-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages
(or specify a solution).
amr@Ubuntu-Latitude-E6410:~$
以前没有，我不确定发生了什么变化导致这种情况发生。有什么办法可以解决这个问题吗？我每次都尝试安装提到的依赖项，但收到相同的消息。当我尝试从不同来源安装各种软件包时，就会发生这种情况。所需的软件包每次都不同，上面就是一个例子。
答案1
好吧，今天我遇到了一些‘乐趣’，它们看起来和你遇到的问题一模一样！
这是我尝试升级后发生的情况：
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-34-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed or
linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
然后如果我尝试使用 -f 修复依赖关系...
$ sudo apt-get -f install
... (some extra prints not relevant) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic_4.15.0-34.37~16.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
cannot copy extracted data for './boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-34-generic' to '/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-34-generic.dpkg-new': failed to write (No space left on device)
声称没有空间！确实如此……我的行李箱现在已经满了。让我们尝试清理一些空间……
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-34-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed or
linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
哎呀...我不行！而且“ubuntu-cleaner”（管理员）也不起作用...
解决方案...
总而言之，我在这个链接中找到了解决方案：链接 - 删除旧内核 我必须做的是手动删除内核...所以我按照推荐的步骤进行操作。
检查当前内核：
$ uname -r
4.15.0-33-generic
打印所有可用的内核。选择一些删除...切勿删除您现在正在使用的内核！（在我的示例中为 4.15.0-33）。
$ dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+'
ii linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic 4.13.0-43.48~16.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.13.0-45-generic 4.13.0-45.50~16.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.15.0-24-generic 4.15.0-24.26~16.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic 4.15.0-29.31~16.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-4.15.0-30-generic 4.15.0-30.32~16.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-4.15.0-32-generic 4.15.0-32.35~16.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-4.15.0-33-generic 4.15.0-33.36~16.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
清除一些内核...
$ sudo update-initramfs -d -k linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic
$ sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic linux-image-extra-4.13.0-43-generic
(Reading database ... 434301 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-extra-4.13.0-43-generic (4.13.0-43.48~16.04.1) ...
...
现在，我有足够的空间来尝试修复依赖关系......
$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-4.13.0-43 linux-headers-4.13.0-43-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-24 linux-headers-4.15.0-24-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-29
linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-30
...
自由运行！运气好的话，您的依赖项现已修复。您可以照常发出更新/安装。
$ sudo apt-get update
...
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
...
在此步骤中，我还发出了一个sudo apt-get autoremove实际有效的命令，它清理了所有以前的内核。
请查看链接了解更多信息。祝你好运！