我是 Ubuntu/Linux 的新手，遇到了一个问题。我尝试在 18.04.1 Bionic Beaver 上设置 NordVPN，并尝试使用网站上的 4 个安装步骤：
https://nordvpn.com/download/linux/
...当我运行第一个命令时，出现此错误：
sudo apt-get install /home/ubuntu/Downloads/nordvpn-release_1.0.0_all.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'nordvpn-release' instead of '/home/ubuntu/Downloads/nordvpn-release_1.0.0_all.deb'
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
nordvpn-release : Depends: gnupg2 but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
所以看起来我有一个与 GNUPG2 相关的依赖问题？所以我接着说：
sudo apt-get install gnupg2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package gnupg2 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
gpgv gpgsm gnupg-l10n gnupg dirmngr
E: Package 'gnupg2' has no installation candidate
...其次是：
sudo apt show gnupg
Package: gnupg
Version: 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1
Priority: optional
Section: utils
Source: gnupg2
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]>
Original-Maintainer: Debian GnuPG Maintainers <[email protected]>
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 370 kB
Depends: dirmngr (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gnupg-l10n (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gnupg-utils (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gpg (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gpg-agent (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gpg-wks-client (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gpg-wks-server (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gpgsm (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gpgv (= 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1)
Suggests: parcimonie, xloadimage
Breaks: debsig-verify (<< 0.15), dirmngr (<< 2.2.4-1ubuntu1.1), gnupg2 (<< 2.1.11-7+exp1), libgnupg-interface-perl (<< 0.52-3), libgnupg-perl (<= 0.19-1), libmail-gnupg-perl (<= 0.22-1), monkeysphere (<< 0.38~), php-crypt-gpg (<= 1.4.1-1), python-apt (<= 1.1.0~beta4), python-gnupg (<< 0.3.8-3), python3-apt (<= 1.1.0~beta4), software-properties-common (<= 0.96.24.3)
Replaces: gnupg2 (<< 2.1.11-7+exp1)
Homepage: https://www.gnupg.org/
Task: ubuntu-desktop, mail-server, cloud-image, samba-server, server, kubuntu-desktop, xubuntu-core, xubuntu-desktop, lubuntu-desktop-share, lubuntu-gtk-desktop, lubuntu-desktop, lubuntu-qt-core, lubuntu-qt-desktop, lubuntu-qt-desktop, ubuntustudio-desktop-core, ubuntustudio-desktop, ubuntukylin-desktop, ubuntu-mate-core, ubuntu-mate-desktop, ubuntu-budgie-desktop
Supported: 5y
Download-Size: 249 kB
APT-Manual-Installed: yes
APT-Sources: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages
Description: GNU privacy guard - a free PGP replacement
GnuPG is GNU's tool for secure communication and data storage.
It can be used to encrypt data and to create digital signatures.
It includes an advanced key management facility and is compliant
with the proposed OpenPGP Internet standard as described in RFC4880.
.
This package contains the full suite of GnuPG tools for cryptographic
communications and data storage.
N: There is 1 additional record. Please use the '-a' switch to see it
来源：gnupg2?
在我尝试较长的安装过程之前，是否有任何建议可以解决此 gnupg2 依赖性问题并安装 NordVPN，我假设我会遇到此问题甚至更多问题？或者我可以尝试什么？我宁愿使用最新的 Ubuntu，而不必降级。而且我不是唯一遇到这种情况的人。我已经从 Ubuntu 网站重新安装了 18.04 两次。谢谢！
答案1
apt-get update遇到了同样的问题，并通过在安装之前运行解决了这个问题gnupg。