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解决方案：

tag-icon • tag-icon linux-mint xorg nvidia optimus
解决方案：

我在使用 Linux Mint 18 时遇到了循环问题，它无法摆脱相同的重复循环“无法启动桌面管理器”那个蓝色图形屏幕询问我是否想查看日志。

这是 Mint 18 的全新安装，我一生都无法安装 Nvidia 驱动程序，否则它会搞砸 Xorg，它抱怨找不到屏幕。

通常的方法是从驱动程序管理器安装，然后就可以像那样工作，但它又回到了旧的方式，就像 4 个版本之前一样，无论你做什么都会搞砸。

我一遍又一遍地清除系统中的 Nvidia 驱动程序、旧的和过时的 Xorg 配置文件、糟糕的 nouveau 驱动程序，这些通常是安装 Nvidia 驱动程序时无法工作的原因。我尝试在一些论坛上寻求帮助，但还没有得到任何关于该做什么的反馈帮助，我的耐心正在消失，因为我需要所有这些尽可能顺利和完美地工作，因为它让我落后于我的工作项目。

当我删除 Nvidia 驱动程序时，它认为它会正常工作并且可以在英特尔显卡上正常工作，但我无法运行任何需要 OpenGL 的应用程序。这是最让我生气的部分，如果它可以在 Intel 显卡芯片上正常运行，为什么 Nvidia 不能呢？！

(EE) Fatal Error:
(EE) no screens found (EE)

(==) Using config file "/etc/X11/Xorg.conf"
(==) Using system config directory "/use/share/X11/Xorg.come.d"
(==) ServerLayout "layout"
(**) |-->Screen "nvidia" (0)
(**) |   |-->Monitor "<default monitor >"
(**) |   |-->Device "nvidia"
(**) |   |-->GPUDevice "Device0"
(**) |   |-->GPUDevice "intel"
(**) |   |-->GPUDevice "nvidia"
(==) No monitor specified for "nvidia".
        Using a default monitor configuration.
(**) |   |-->Inactive Device "intel"

首先，Xorg.0.log 中的内容没有意义。因为 A) Inter 在安装后不应处于非活动状态。 B) Monitor 不应该连接到 Nvidia，只能连接到 Intel，因为我打算使用 Bumblebee 和 Optimus，以便 Intel 运行屏幕，而 Nvidia 则为需要它的程序运行渲染。我不喜欢 Primus 提供的省电功能。

所以我的设置应该像这样简单

[Intel] - - - - \
                 > - - - {Monitor}
                 >- - - {Rendering}
[NVIDIA] - - - /

编辑：** 这是更详细的 Xorg 日志输出。

[   162.343]  X.Org X Server 1.18.3 Release Date: 2016-04-04 [  
162.343] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 [   162.343] Build Operating System: Linux 3.13.0-86-generic x86_64 Ubuntu [   162.343] Current Operating System: Linux Roofox 4.4.0-21-generic #37-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 18 18:33:37 UTC 2016 x86_64 [   162.343] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic root=UUID=87d32912-b8e0-4dda-8182-230938e4f8c5 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7 [   162.343] Build Date: 18 May 2016  01:07:07AM [  
162.343] xorg-server 2:1.18.3-1ubuntu2.2 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)  [   162.343] Current version of pixman: 0.33.6 [   162.343]  Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org  to make sure that you have the latest version. [  
162.343] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,     (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. [  
162.343] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Wed Jul 27 17:47:11 2016 [   162.344] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d" [   162.344] (==) No Layout section.  Using the first Screen section. [   162.344] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults. [   162.344] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0) [   162.344] (**) |   |-->Monitor "<default monitor>" [   162.344] (==) No device specified for screen "Default Screen Section".  Using the first device section listed. [   162.344] (**) |   |-->Device "Device1" [   162.344] (**) |   |-->GPUDevice "Device0" [   162.344] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".     Using a default monitor configuration. [   162.344] (==) Automatically adding devices [   162.344] (==) Automatically enabling devices [   162.344] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices [ 
162.344] (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1fffff [   162.344] (==) FontPath set to:  /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,  /usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic,  /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled,  /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled,   /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,     /usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi,    /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi,     built-ins [   162.344] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/modules" [   162.344] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.    If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices. [   162.344] (II) Loader magic: 0x55a1bfc6dda0 [   162.344] (II) Module ABI versions: [   162.344]  X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4 [   162.344]    X.Org Video Driver: 20.0 [   162.344]   X.Org XInput driver : 22.1 [   162.344]     X.Org Server Extension : 9.0 [   162.345] (++) using VT number 8

[   162.345] (II) systemd-logind: logind integration requires -keeptty and -keeptty was not provided, disabling logind integration [  
162.345] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card1) [   162.345] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0) [   162.347] (--) PCI:*(0:0:2:0) 8086:0166:1043:1477 rev 9, Mem @ 0xf7400000/4194304, 0xd0000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x0000f000/64 [   162.347] (--) PCI: (0:1:0:0) 10de:0de9:1043:1477 rev 161, Mem @ 0xf6000000/16777216, 0xe0000000/268435456, 0xf0000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x0000e000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/524288 [   162.347] (II) LoadModule: "glx" [   162.347] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so [   162.359] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [   162.359]    compiled for
1.18.3, module version = 1.0.0 [   162.359]     ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 9.0 [   162.359] (==) AIGLX enabled [   162.359] (II) LoadModule: "intel" [   162.359] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so [   162.360] (II) Module intel: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [   162.360]    compiled for 1.18.1, module version = 2.99.917 [   162.360]     Module class: X.Org Video Driver [   162.360]   ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0 [  
162.360] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia-361" [   162.360] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia-361 [   162.360] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia-361" [   162.360] (II) Unloading nvidia-361 [   162.360] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia-361" (module does not exist, 0) [  
162.360] (==) Matched intel as autoconfigured driver 0 [   162.360] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 1 [   162.360] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 2 [   162.360] (==) Matched intel as autoconfigured driver 3 [   162.360] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 4 [   162.360] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 5 [   162.360] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 6 [   162.360] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout [   162.360] (II) LoadModule: "intel" [   162.360] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so [   162.360] (II) Module intel: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [   162.360]    compiled for 1.18.1, module version = 2.99.917 [   162.360]     Module class: X.Org Video Driver [   162.360]   ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0 [   162.360] (II) UnloadModule: "intel" [   162.360] (II) Unloading intel [   162.360] (II) Failed to load module "intel" (already loaded, 21921) [   162.360] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia-361" [  
162.360] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia-361 [   162.360] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia-361" [   162.360] (II) Unloading nvidia-361 [   162.360] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia-361" (module does not exist, 0) [   162.360] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia" [   162.360] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia [   162.360] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia" [   162.360] (II) Unloading nvidia [   162.360] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia" (module does not exist, 0) [   162.360] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau" [   162.361] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so [   162.361] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [   162.361]    compiled for 1.18.1, module version = 1.0.12 [   162.361]   Module class: X.Org Video Driver [   162.361]   ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0 [   162.361] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting" [   162.361] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so [   162.361] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [   162.361]     compiled for 1.18.3, module version = 1.18.3 [   162.361]   Module class: X.Org Video Driver [   162.361]   ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0 [   162.361] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev" [   162.361] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so [   162.361] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [   162.361]   compiled for 1.18.1, module version = 0.4.4 [   162.361]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver [   162.361]   ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0 [   162.361] (II) LoadModule: "vesa" [   162.361] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so [   162.361] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation" [   162.361]  compiled for 1.18.1, module version = 2.3.4 [   162.361]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver [   162.361]   ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0 [   162.361] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Integrated Graphics Chipsets:  i810, i810-dc100, i810e, i815, i830M, 845G, 854, 852GM/855GM, 865G,     915G, E7221 (i915), 915GM, 945G, 945GM, 945GME, Pineview GM,    Pineview G, 965G, G35, 965Q, 946GZ, 965GM, 965GME/GLE, G33, Q35, Q33,   GM45, 4 Series, G45/G43, Q45/Q43, G41, B43 [   162.362] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) HD Graphics: 2000-6000 [   162.362] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Graphics: 5100, 6100 [   162.362] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Pro Graphics: 5200, 6200, P6300 [   162.362] (II) NOUVEAU driver Date:   Tue Dec 8 15:52:25 2015 +1000 [   162.362] (II) NOUVEAU driver for NVIDIA chipset families : [   162.362]  RIVA TNT        (NV04) [   162.362]     RIVA TNT2       (NV05) [   162.362]     GeForce 256     (NV10) [   162.362]     GeForce 2       (NV11, NV15) [  
162.362]    GeForce 4MX     (NV17, NV18) [   162.362]   GeForce 3       (NV20) [   162.362]     GeForce 4Ti     (NV25, NV28) [   162.362]   GeForce FX      (NV3x) [   162.362]     GeForce 6       (NV4x) [  
162.362]    GeForce 7       (G7x) [   162.362]  GeForce 8       (G8x) [   162.362]  GeForce GTX 200 (NVA0) [   162.362]     GeForce GTX 400 (NVC0)

编辑2**

4.4.0-21-generic

mint-meta-cinnamon:
  Installed: 2016.07.23
  Candidate: 2016.07.23
  Version table:
 *** 2016.07.23 500
        500 http://packages.linuxmint.com sarah/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://packages.linuxmint.com sarah/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

-

Graphics:  Card-1: Intel 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller bus-ID: 00:02.0
           Card-2: NVIDIA GF108M [GeForce GT 630M] bus-ID: 01:00.0
           Display Server: X.Org 1.18.3 drivers: nouveau,intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa)
           Resolution: [email protected]
           GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Ivybridge Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0 Direct Rendering: Yes

编辑3**

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.new文件

Section "ServerLayout"
    Identifier     "X.org Configured"
    Screen      0  "Screen0" 0 0
    InputDevice    "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
    InputDevice    "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection

Section "Files"
    ModulePath   "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi"
    FontPath     "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi"
    FontPath     "built-ins"
EndSection

Section "Module"
    Load  "glx"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
    Identifier  "Keyboard0"
    Driver      "kbd"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
    Identifier  "Mouse0"
    Driver      "mouse"
    Option      "Protocol" "auto"
    Option      "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
    Option      "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier   "Monitor0"
    VendorName   "Monitor Vendor"
    ModelName    "Monitor Model"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "Card0"
    Driver      "nvidia"
    BusID       "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier "Screen0"
    Device     "Card0"
    Monitor    "Monitor0"
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Depth     1
    EndSubSection
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Depth     4
    EndSubSection
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Depth     8
    EndSubSection
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Depth     15
    EndSubSection
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Depth     16
    EndSubSection
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Depth     24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

答案1

我最终设法找到了我的解决方案并修复了我想要工作的问题。

当我在 Ask Ubuntu 上读到这一部分时，几乎没有得到任何帮助 -https://askubuntu.com/questions/476681/primus-fatal-bumblebee-daemon-reported-error-could-not-load-gpu-driver

解决方案：

1：清除包和配置文件

通过删除以下内容清除系统中旧的或损坏的配置。

$ sudo apt-get purge nvidia* *nouveau* bumblebee*

2: 安装 Nvidia 驱动程序 + 附加程序

如果您正在安装 nvidia 驱动程序，nvidia-367请将其更改为您想要的驱动程序。

$ sudo apt-get install nvidia-367 primus nvidia-settings nvidia-profiler nvidia-visual-profiler

安装 nvidia 后，它的所有组件都应位于

64 位：

/usr/lib/nvidia-367
/usr/lib/nvidia-367-prime
/usr/lib/nvidia-cuda-toolkit
/usr/lib/nvidia-prime-applet
/usr/lib/nvidia-visual-profiler

32 位：

/usr/lib32/nvidia-367
/usr/lib32/nvidia-367-prime
/usr/lib32/nvidia-cuda-toolkit
/usr/lib32/nvidia-prime-applet
/usr/lib32/nvidia-visual-profiler

3：使用nvidia-xconfig：

我本来想用来nvidia-xconfig生成xorg.conf使用它所需的正确文件，但它的二进制可执行文件不在通常从预先设置的 PATH 环境中调用它的位置。

打开终端并以 root 身份运行；

$ sudo /usr/lib/nvidia-367/bin/nvidia-xconfig

现在应该可以执行并xorg.conf在/etc/X11/目录中生成正确的文件。如果还有其他xorg.conf文件，请确保找到新文件，这很容易识别，因为nvidia-xconfig在新文件中会生成一个时间戳xorg.conf，如下所示；

# nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig
# nvidia-xconfig:  version 367.35  (buildmeister@swio-display-x64-rhel04-01)  Mon Jul 11 23:51:45 PDT 2016

您也许可以安全地删除其中没有此时间戳的旧 xorg-conf 文件。

接下来打开 NVIDIA X Server Settings 并选择NVIDIA（性能模式），然后重新启动，您就应该完成了。如果您也安装了该nvidia-prime-applet软件，那么在下次重新启动时，您现在应该会在菜单栏中看到 NVIDIA 图标，表明它处于活动状态。

答案2

Alt+F2

driver-manager

选择Nouveau驱动程序，应用
然后点击重新启动

Alt+F2

gnome-terminal

运行这些命令

sudo apt-get purge bumblebee*
sudo apt-get purge bbswitch*
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove

需要升级到最新内核

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

或通过更新管理器

然后运行

driver-manager

再次安装 Nvidia 驱动程序，这对我有用，或许也会为你工作。祝你好运。

它显然没有成功，我不喜欢推荐它，但是你会考虑添加一个 PPA，我自己用它来让 Nvidia 运行吗？

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

尝试更改此部分

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "Card0"
    Driver      "nvidia"
    BusID       "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection

进入这个

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "Card0"
    Driver      "intel"
    BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"
EndSection

然后用这个配置文件测试 X。

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