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cpuf - 用于设置 CPU 最小/最大频率的简单 Bash GUI

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cpuf - 用于设置 CPU 最小/最大频率的简单 Bash GUI

我需要在我的 ubuntu 笔记本电脑上运行 ATLAS，但除非你禁用 CPU 频率缩放，否则该软件将无法运行。我尝试了此处的说明http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/atlas_install/node5.html但它们在我的东芝笔记本电脑上不起作用。打开频率缩放功能后，该软件变得毫无用处。

有人可以帮忙吗？

答案1

在以下文件中用性能替换默认调节器：

/etc/init.d/cpufrequtils

/etc/default/cpufrequtils

禁用ondemand服务

sudo update-rc.d ondemand disable

然后运行

update-initramfs -u -k all

然后重新启动

更多信息：如何禁用 CPU 频率调整并将系统设置为性能？

https://wiki.debian.org/HowTo/CpuFrequencyScaling

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/CPU_frequency_scaling

答案2

我编写了cpufGUI 来随意设置最小和最大频率。您可以在数学应用之前使用它来将所有频率设置为最大值。运行数学应用后，您可以将频率重置为正常，以延长电池寿命并减少发热量。

cpuf - 用于设置 CPU 最小/最大频率的简单 Bash GUI

示范

在这个演示中，cpuf窗口在左侧，conky系统信息在右侧。演示的进展如下：

  • YouTube 视频正在播放时演示已开始
  • 默认 CPU 最小/最大频率为800/3500
  • 将 CPU 最小值/最大值覆盖为800/800并且 CPU 使用率跳升至 20%
  • 将 CPU 最小值/最大值覆盖为3500/3500并且 CPU 使用率下降到 10%
  • 演示循环并重新开始

cpuf-demo.gif

由于三个显示器cpuf可以出现在 10 英尺外，因此使用参数 1--geometry选项将其靠近conky：

sudo cpuf --geometry="450x450+4720+80" /home/rick/Pictures/icons/cpu-intel-128.svg
  • 参数 1--geometry为窗口宽度 x 高度 + 宽度偏移 + 高度偏移
  • 参数 2 可以是您自己的图标（在本例中为英特尔 CPU 图像），否则默认为计算机图标

cpufBash 脚本

本节要求您使用 ++Ctrl打开终端。AltT

如何设置

为了运行，cpufbash 脚本需要：

sudo apt install yad         # from the repository universe
sudo apt install coreutils   # installed by default in most distros

将cpuf脚本放入搜索路径中的根目录是最简单的方法。例如：/usr/local/bin。

要创建cpuf脚本，请使用 打开编辑器sudo -H gedit /usr/local/bin/cpuf。

  • 突出显示以下部分中的行
  • 右键单击并选择“复制”
  • 切换回编辑器
  • 右键单击并选择“粘贴”
  • 从编辑器菜单中选择“保存”，然后选择“退出”

使用 使脚本可执行sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/cpuf。

cpuf代码复制到你的编辑器

#!/bin/bash

# NAME: cpuf (Pronounced SEA-PUFF)
# CALL: sudo cpuf
# PARM: $1 = --geometry=WidthxHeight+VertOffset+HorizOffset
#       $2 = Optional image icon

# DESC: Simple GUI script to set CPU Min and Max Frequency.
#       For Ask Ubuntu Question: https://askubuntu.com/q/1141605/307523
# DATE: May 12, 2019.
# UPDT: No updates yet.
# NOTE: No notes yet.

### Dependancies ###

command -v yad >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo >&2 \
        "yad package required but it is not installed.  Aborting."; \
        exit 1; }

command -v nproc >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo >&2 \
        "coreutils package required but it is not installed.  Aborting."; \
        exit 2; }

if [[ $(id -u) != 0 ]]; then # root powers needed to call this script
    echo >&2 Must be called with sudo powers
    exit 3
fi

# $TERM variable may be missing when called via desktop shortcut
CurrentTERM=$(env | grep TERM)
if [[ $CurrentTERM == "" ]] ; then
    notify-send --urgency=critical \
    "$0 cannot be run from GUI without TERM environment variable."
    exit 4
fi

### Program constants ###

## Yad Window parameters
# Hard code Height & Width to suit your screen resolution and scaling factor
GEOMETRY="--width 400 --height 500"
# Pass Parameter 1 with ---geometry="WidxHgt+WidOff+HgtOff" to override
[[ "$1" == --geometry=* ]] && GEOMETRY="$1"

TITLE="cpuf"
TEXT="Set CPU Min/Max Frequencies"
ICON="/usr/share/icons/Adwaita/48x48/devices/computer.png"
# Pass Parameter 2 with icon for window image
# Intel CPU comes from: https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1107932/
[[ ! -z "$2" ]] && ICON="$2"

## Virtual File System directories
      CPU0_DIR=/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq
    PSTATE_DIR=/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate
 CURR_MIN_FREQ="$CPU0_DIR/scaling_min_freq"
 CURR_MAX_FREQ="$CPU0_DIR/scaling_max_freq"
ALLOW_MIN_FREQ="$CPU0_DIR/cpuinfo_min_freq"
ALLOW_MAX_FREQ="$CPU0_DIR/cpuinfo_max_freq"

OLD_IFS=$IFS            # Save current Input File Separtor (IFS)
declare -a Arr          # Array for YAD Window input
NumCPU=$(nproc --all)   # Number of CPUs (nproc from coreutils)

### Error Message Functions ###

Abend () {
    # Abnormal Ending - Parameter 1 = message to display, Parameter 2=exit code

    yad --image "dialog-error" --image-on-top --title "$TITLE - Fatal Error" \
        "$GEOMETRY" --button=gtk-ok:0 --text "$1" 2>/dev/null
    exit "$2"
   
} # Abend

ErrMsg () {
    # Parmater 1 = message to display

    yad --image "dialog-error" --title "$TITLE - Logical Error" \
        "$GEOMETRY" --button=gtk-ok:0 --text "$1" 2>/dev/null

    fErrMsgForceContinue=true
 
} # ErrMsg

### Initialize Variables ###

InitVars () {

    [[ ! -e "$ALLOW_MIN_FREQ" ]] && Abend "$ALLOW_MIN_FREQ not found" 11
    AllowMinFreq=$(cat "$ALLOW_MIN_FREQ")
    AllowMinFreq="${AllowMinFreq::-3}"  # Chop off three decimals at end

    [[ ! -e "$ALLOW_MAX_FREQ" ]] && Abend "$ALLOW_MAX_FREQ not found" 12
    AllowMaxFreq=$(cat "$ALLOW_MAX_FREQ")
    AllowMaxFreq="${AllowMaxFreq::-3}"

    [[ ! -e "$CURR_MIN_FREQ" ]] && Abend "$CURR_MIN_FREQ not found" 13
    CurrMinFreq=$(cat "$CURR_MIN_FREQ")
    CurrMinFreq="${CurrMinFreq::-3}"
    NewMinFreq="$CurrMinFreq"

    [[ ! -e "$CURR_MAX_FREQ" ]] && Abend "$CURR_MAX_FREQ not found" 14
    CurrMaxFreq=$(cat "$CURR_MAX_FREQ")
    CurrMaxFreq="${CurrMaxFreq::-3}"
    NewMaxFreq="$CurrMaxFreq"

    if [[ -e "$PSTATE_DIR" ]] ; then
        NumPstates=$(cat "$PSTATE_DIR/num_pstates")
        if [[ $(cat "$PSTATE_DIR/no_turbo") -eq 0 ]] ; then
            TurboBoost="Enabled"
        else
            TurboBoost="Disabled"
        fi
    else
        NumPstates="Not found"
        TurboBoost="Not found"
    fi

    if [[ -e "$CPU0_DIR/scaling_governor" ]] ; then
        Governor=$(cat "$CPU0_DIR/scaling_governor")
    else
        Governor="Not found"
    fi

    if [[ -e "$CPU0_DIR/scaling_cur_freq" ]] ; then
        CurrFreq=$(cat "$CPU0_DIR/scaling_cur_freq")
        # Chop off three decimals at end
        CurrFreq="${CurrFreq::-3}"
    else
        CurrFreq="Not found"
    fi

} # InitVars

### Paint / repaint window and get new frequencies ###

GetParameters () {

    # +------------------------------------------+
    # |  cpuf - Set CPU Min/Max Frequencies      |
    # +------------------------------------------+
    # |                                          |
    # |  Turbo Boost:            Enabled         |
    # |                                          |
    # |  Number of pstates:      99              |
    # |  Speed Governor Used:    powersave       |
    # |  Current CPU0 frequency: 9999 Mhz        |
    # |                                          |
    # |  Current Minimum Freq.:  9999 Mhz        |
    # |  Current Maximum Freq.:  9999 Mhz        |
    # |                                          |
    # |  New Minimum Frequency   9999            |
    # |  New Maximum Frequency   9999            |
    # |                                          |
    # +------------------------------------------+

    IFS="|"
    Arr=($(yad "$GEOMETRY" --form \
        --title "$TITLE" --text "$TEXT" \
        --window-icon="$ICON" --image="$ICON" \
        --field="Turbo Boost:":RO "$TurboBoost" \
        --field="Number of pstates:":RO "$NumPstates" \
        --field="Speed Governor:":RO "$Governor" \
        --field="Current Frequency:":RO "$CurrFreq MHz" \
        --field="Allowable Minimum Frequency:":RO "$AllowMinFreq MHz" \
        --field="Allowable Maximum Frequency:":RO "$AllowMaxFreq MHz" \
        --field="Current Minimum Frequency:":RO "$CurrMinFreq MHz" \
        --field="Current Maximum Frequency:":RO "$CurrMaxFreq MHz" \
        --field="New Minimum Frequency" "$NewMinFreq" \
        --field="New Maximum Frequency" "$NewMaxFreq" 2>/dev/null))

    Return="$?"
    NewMinFreq="${Arr[8]}"
    NewMaxFreq="${Arr[9]}"

} # GetParameters

###################################
#            MAINLINE             #
###################################

ALL_PREFIX="/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu"
MIN_SUFFIX="/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq"
MAX_SUFFIX="/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq"

while true ; do

    InitVars
    GetParameters
    [[ ! "$Return" -eq 0 ]] && break ; # Exit on Cancel=1 or Close Window=252

    # Sanity checks
    fErrMsgForceContinue=false
    [[ $NewMinFreq -lt $AllowMinFreq ]] && ErrMsg "Minimum frequency too low"
    [[ $NewMaxFreq -gt $AllowMaxFreq ]] && ErrMsg "Maximum frequency too high"
    [[ $NewMinFreq -gt $NewMaxFreq ]]   && ErrMsg "Minimum frequency greater than Maximum Frequency"
    [[ $fErrMsgForceContinue == true ]] && continue
    
    # Set new Min/Max frequencies
    for (( i=0 ; i<NumCPU ; i++ )) ; do
        # If New Min > Curr Max, set Max first then Min
        if [[ $NewMinFreq -gt $CurrMaxFreq ]] ; then
            echo "$NewMaxFreq""000" > "$ALL_PREFIX$i$MAX_SUFFIX"
            echo "$NewMinFreq""000" > "$ALL_PREFIX$i$MIN_SUFFIX"
        else
            echo "$NewMinFreq""000" > "$ALL_PREFIX$i$MIN_SUFFIX"
            echo "$NewMaxFreq""000" > "$ALL_PREFIX$i$MAX_SUFFIX"
        fi
    done
    

done

IFS="$OLD_IFS"
exit 0

答案3

读者需要明白，这里令人烦恼的是 ATLAS。请注意，对于现代处理器，CPU 会自行降低频率，并且根据空闲状态（在空闲状态下）降低频率，即使在性能模式下也是如此。如果您想将 CPU 频率“固定”在最大值，则除了设置性能模式外，还需禁用所有 >= 0 的空闲状态。

注意：这将导致处理器产生大量废热，请确保您的系统可以处理它。

例子：

起始条件：

doug@s15:~/idle$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_driver
intel_cpufreq
intel_cpufreq
intel_cpufreq
intel_cpufreq
intel_cpufreq
intel_cpufreq
intel_cpufreq
intel_cpufreq
doug@s15:~/idle$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor
performance
performance
performance
performance
performance
performance
performance
performance

步骤 1：我的系统有多少个空闲状态？

doug@s15:~/idle$ ls -l -d /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpuidle/state*
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpuidle/state4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpuidle/state4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpuidle/state4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpuidle/state4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpuidle/state4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpuidle/state4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpuidle/state4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpuidle/state0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpuidle/state1
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpuidle/state2
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpuidle/state3
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jul  3 11:41 /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpuidle/state4

好的，我有 5 个空闲状态，0-4：

步骤 2：禁用状态 1-4（我使用以 sudo 身份运行的脚本）：

doug@s15:~/idle$ cat idle_1-4_disable
#! /bin/bash
echo "idle disable states 1-4:"

/home/doug/idle/idle_state1_disable
/home/doug/idle/idle_state2_disable
/home/doug/idle/idle_state3_disable
/home/doug/idle/idle_state4_disable

doug@s15:~/idle$ cat idle_state1_disable
#! /bin/bash
echo "idle state 1: before:"
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpuidle/state1/disable

for file in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpuidle/state1/disable; do echo "1" > $file; done

echo "idle state 1: after:"
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpuidle/state1/disable

导致：

doug@s15:~/idle$ sudo ./idle_1-4_disable
idle disable states 1-4:
idle state 1: before:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
idle state 1: after:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
idle state 2: before:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
idle state 2: after:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
idle state 3: before:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
idle state 3: after:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
idle state 4: before:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
idle state 4: after:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
doug@s15:~/idle$

如果我们用 turbostat 观察这一切：

doug@s15:~/idle$ sudo turbostat --quiet --Summary --show Busy%,Bzy_MHz,PkgTmp,PkgWatt,GFXWatt,IRQ --interval 15
Busy%   Bzy_MHz IRQ     PkgTmp  PkgWatt GFXWatt
0.02    2743    438     30      3.75    0.12
0.02    2753    406     29      3.75    0.12
0.02    2806    402     29      3.75    0.12
0.02    2764    436     29      3.75    0.12
58.62   3500    70887   50      30.75   0.12  <<<< ilde state 1-4 disabled
100.00  3500    120240  55      50.39   0.12  <<<< tubostat counts idle state 0 as busy
100.00  3500    120243  58      50.95   0.12  <<<< The system is actually still idle.
100.00  3500    120241  60      51.38   0.12
100.00  3500    120248  62      51.91   0.12
100.00  3500    120241  64      52.58   0.12
100.00  3500    120244  65      52.88   0.12
100.00  3500    120252  67      53.13   0.12
100.00  3500    120251  68      53.29   0.12
100.00  3500    120242  68      53.46   0.12
100.00  3500    120268  68      53.56   0.12
100.00  3500    120260  68      53.63   0.12
100.00  3500    120267  70      53.69   0.12

如果处理器温度过高，则限制 CPU 频率上限。Intel Pstate 示例：

doug@s15:~/idle$ echo 60 | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct
60

导致：

100.00  3500    120267  70      53.96   0.12
100.00  3500    120274  71      53.92   0.12
100.00  3500    120256  70      53.95   0.12
100.00  3500    120277  70      53.93   0.12
100.00  3500    120326  70      53.95   0.12
34.97   3500    42719   48      21.53   0.12
0.02    2712    378     45      4.00    0.12
0.02    2754    396     42      3.96    0.12
0.02    2724    504     40      3.92    0.12
0.02    2816    378     39      3.89    0.12
94.33   3500    113569  60      48.59   0.12
100.00  3500    120242  63      51.88   0.12
100.00  3500    120240  65      52.64   0.12
100.00  3500    120280  68      53.08   0.12
100.00  3500    120333  68      53.32   0.12
100.00  1713    120348  55      20.29   0.12  <<< Had to toggle to powersave governor
100.00  2201    120280  57      26.31   0.12  <<< And then back to performance governor
100.00  2300    120239  56      27.58   0.12  <<< Now new max is in effect.
100.00  2300    120237  56      27.53   0.12  <<< And processor temp is less
100.00  2300    120237  55      27.46   0.12
100.00  2300    120232  54      27.42   0.12

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