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NetworkManager、resolvconf 和 dsnmasq 如何协同工作？

tag-icon • tag-icon networking network-manager dns dnsmasq resolvconf
NetworkManager、resolvconf 和 dsnmasq 如何协同工作？

运行 Kubuntu 16.04

有时名称解析会变得很慢。在以前的 Ubuntu 版本中，问题通常出在 resolv.conf 中，而且很容易修复。在 16.04 中，所有 DNS 解析都隐藏在 NetworkManager+resolvconf+dsnmasq 迷宫中，我不知道如何找出实际的 DNS（dig显示为 127.0.1.1）。

有好心人可以解释一下吗：

  1. NetworkManager、resolvconf 和 dsnmasq 如何协同工作（因为每个文档中都没有解释这一点）
  2. 如何调试 DNS 性能问题

附加信息

ls -al /etc/resolv.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Apr  8  2017 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf 

cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
nameserver 127.0.1.1

dpkg -l *dnsmasq*
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name           Version      Architecture Description
+++-==============-============-============-=================================
un  dnsmasq        <none>       <none>       (no description available)
ii  dnsmasq-base   2.75-1ubuntu amd64        Small caching DNS proxy and DHCP/

host -v www.ebay.com                                     
Trying "www.ebay.com"                                                     
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 46563                 
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0      

;; QUESTION SECTION:                                                      
;www.ebay.com.                  IN      A                                 

;; ANSWER SECTION:                                                        
www.ebay.com.           292     IN      CNAME   slot9428.ebay.com.edgekey.net.                                                                      
slot9428.ebay.com.edgekey.net. 10094 IN CNAME   e9428.b.akamaiedge.net.   
e9428.b.akamaiedge.net. 12      IN      A       104.80.20.236             

Received 122 bytes from 127.0.1.1#53 in 2 ms                              
Trying "e9428.b.akamaiedge.net"
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 35831
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;e9428.b.akamaiedge.net.                IN      AAAA

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
b.akamaiedge.net.       674     IN      SOA     n0b.akamaiedge.net. hostmaster.akamai.com. 1564414527 1000 1000 1000 1800

Received 101 bytes from 127.0.1.1#53 in 2 ms
Trying "e9428.b.akamaiedge.net"
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 16147
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;e9428.b.akamaiedge.net.                IN      MX

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
b.akamaiedge.net.       992     IN      SOA     n0b.akamaiedge.net. hostmaster.akamai.com. 1564414845 1000 1000 1000 1800

Received 101 bytes from 127.0.1.1#53 in 2 ms

cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

cat /etc/hosts | head
127.0.0.1   localhost
127.0.1.1   Xenoid

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts

cat /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono
dns=dnsmasq

[ifupdown]
managed=false

cat /etc/nsswitch.conf 
# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.

passwd:         compat
group:          compat
shadow:         compat
gshadow:        files

hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns
networks:       files

protocols:      db files
services:       db files
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files

netgroup:       nis

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