我知道可以使用“apt-get 依赖”获取软件包的元数据。我想找到所有“冲突”的软件包。这可能吗？
答案1
apt show …列出冲突、中断和替换的输出：
apt show plasma-desktop这是我在 Kubuntu 18.04 中看到的部分输出
Recommends: bluedevil, breeze-gtk-theme, fonts-noto, fonts-oxygen, kde-config-gtk-style, kde-config-screenlocker, kde-config-sddm, kde-style-oxygen-qt5, kgamma5, khelpcenter, khotkeys, kinfocenter, kio-extras, kmenuedit, kscreen, ksshaskpass, ksysguard, kwin-x11 | kwin, kwrited, libpam-kwallet5, plasma-discover, plasma-pa, powerdevil, sni-qt, systemsettings, user-manager
Conflicts: kde-workspace-bin, kde-workspace-data, plasma-widget-kimpanel
Breaks: baloo-kf5 (<< 5.5), kactivities (<< 5.21), kde-config-touchpad (<< 4:5), plasma-dataengines-addons (<< 4:5.8.3), plasma-desktop-data (<< 4:5.3.2-0ubuntu1~), plasma-desktop-dev (<< 4:5.0.2-0ubuntu1~ubuntu14.10~ppa8), plasma-widgets-addons (<< 4:5.6.0~), qml-module-org-kde-activities (<< 5.26.0)
Replaces: baloo-kf5 (<< 5.5), kactivities (<< 5.21), kde-config-touchpad (<< 4:5), kde-workspace-bin, kde-workspace-data, plasma-dataengines-addons (<< 4:5.8.3), plasma-desktop-data (<< 4:5.3.2-0ubuntu1~), plasma-desktop-dev (<< 4:5.0.2-0ubuntu1~ubuntu14.10~ppa8), plasma-widget-kimpanel, plasma-widgets-addons (<< 4:5.6.0~), qml-module-org-kde-activities (<< 5.26.0)
答案2
其他可能的解决方案是使用 Aptitude 的why-not选项（参见man aptitude本地或在线的)：
why-not找到导致与目标包冲突的依赖链
下面是我的 16.04 LTS 系统中的一个例子：
$ aptitude why-not vim:i386 i vim Conflicts vim:i386