错误是“env”：env 必须是字典。我相信我已经升级了 buildozer 和我的 env。我的 buildozer 是使用 pip3 安装的，我的代码适用于 python 3。另外，我在源代码中使用了模块 plyer，我不知道是否如此，但如果我只是构建 kivy，则不会出现错误。
请提供一些建议、解决方案或反馈！
下面是我的 main.py、buildozer.spec 和日志（由于正文大小限制，我删除了一些）。
主要文件：
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.properties import StringProperty
from plyer import sms
Builder.load_string('''
<SmsInterface>:
orientation: 'vertical'
BoxLayout:
size_hint_y: None
height: sp(30)
Label:
text: 'Recipient:'
TextInput:
id: recipient
multiline: False
on_text_validate: message.focus = True
BoxLayout:
Label:
text: 'Message:'
TextInput:
id: message
IntentButton:
sms_recipient: recipient.text
sms_message: message.text
text: 'Send SMS'
size_hint_y: None
height: sp(40)
on_release: self.send_sms()
''')
class SmsInterface(BoxLayout):
pass
class IntentButton(Button):
sms_recipient = StringProperty()
sms_message = StringProperty()
def send_sms(self, *args):
sms.send(recipient=self.sms_recipient, message=self.sms_message)
class SmsApp(App):
def build(self):
return SmsInterface()
def on_pause(self):
return True
if __name__ == "__main__":
SmsApp().run()
buildozer.spec：
[app]
# (str) Title of your application
title = Plyer sms Test
# (str) Package name
package.name = plyersms
# (str) Package domain (needed for android/ios packaging)
package.domain = org.test
# (str) Source code where the main.py live
source.dir = .
# (list) Source files to include (let empty to include all the files)
source.include_exts = py,png,jpg,kv,atlas
# (list) Source files to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything)
#source.exclude_exts = spec
# (list) List of directory to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything)
#source.exclude_dirs = tests, bin
# (list) List of exclusions using pattern matching
#source.exclude_patterns = license,images/*/*.jpg
# (str) Application versioning (method 1)
#version.regex = __version__ = '(.*)'
#version.filename = %(source.dir)s/main.py
# (str) Application versioning (method 2)
version = 0.1
# (list) Application requirements
requirements = plyer,kivy
# (list) Garden requirements
#garden_requirements =
# (str) Presplash of the application
#presplash.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/presplash.png
# (str) Icon of the application
#icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/icon.png
# (str) Supported orientation (one of landscape, portrait or all)
orientation = portrait
# (bool) Indicate if the application should be fullscreen or not
fullscreen = 0
#
# Android specific
#
# (list) Permissions
android.permissions = SEND_SMS
# (int) Android API to use
#android.api = 14
# (int) Minimum API required (8 = Android 2.2 devices)
#android.minapi = 8
# (int) Android SDK version to use
#android.sdk = 21
# (str) Android NDK version to use
#android.ndk = 9c
# (bool) Use --private data storage (True) or --dir public storage (False)
#android.private_storage = True
# (str) Android NDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
#android.ndk_path =
# (str) Android SDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
#android.sdk_path =
# (str) python-for-android git clone directory (if empty, it will be automatically cloned from github)
#android.p4a_dir =
# (str) Android entry point, default is ok for Kivy-based app
#android.entrypoint = org.renpy.android.PythonActivity
# (list) List of Java .jar files to add to the libs so that pyjnius can access
# their classes. Don't add jars that you do not need, since extra jars can slow
# down the build process. Allows wildcards matching, for example:
# OUYA-ODK/libs/*.jar
#android.add_jars = foo.jar,bar.jar,path/to/more/*.jar
# (list) List of Java files to add to the android project (can be java or a
# directory containing the files)
#android.add_src =
# (str) python-for-android branch to use, if not master, useful to try
# not yet merged features.
#android.branch = master
# (str) OUYA Console category. Should be one of GAME or APP
# If you leave this blank, OUYA support will not be enabled
#android.ouya.category = GAME
# (str) Filename of OUYA Console icon. It must be a 732x412 png image.
#android.ouya.icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/ouya_icon.png
# (str) XML file to include as an intent filters in <activity> tag
#android.manifest.intent_filters =
# (list) Android additionnal libraries to copy into libs/armeabi
#android.add_libs_armeabi = libs/android/*.so
# (bool) Indicate whether the screen should stay on
# Don't forget to add the WAKE_LOCK permission if you set this to True
#android.wakelock = False
# (list) Android application meta-data to set (key=value format)
#android.meta_data =
# (list) Android library project to add (will be added in the
# project.properties automatically.)
#android.library_references =
#
# iOS specific
#
# (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the debug version
# Get a list of available identities: buildozer ios list_identities
#ios.codesign.debug = "iPhone Developer: <lastname> <firstname> (<hexstring>)"
# (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the release version
#ios.codesign.release = %(ios.codesign.debug)s
[buildozer]
# (int) Log level (0 = error only, 1 = info, 2 = debug (with command output))
log_level = 2
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# List as sections
#
# You can define all the "list" as [section:key].
# Each line will be considered as a option to the list.
# Let's take [app] / source.exclude_patterns.
# Instead of doing:
#
# [app]
# source.exclude_patterns = license,data/audio/*.wav,data/images/original/*
#
# This can be translated into:
#
# [app:source.exclude_patterns]
# license
# data/audio/*.wav
# data/images/original/*
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Profiles
#
# You can extend section / key with a profile
# For example, you want to deploy a demo version of your application without
# HD content. You could first change the title to add "(demo)" in the name
# and extend the excluded directories to remove the HD content.
#
# [app@demo]
# title = My Application (demo)
#
# [app:source.exclude_patterns@demo]
# images/hd/*
#
# Then, invoke the command line with the "demo" profile:
#
# buildozer --profile demo android debug
日志：
buildozer android debug deploy run
[INFO]: Copying pyjnius java class to classes build dir
[INFO]: -> directory context /home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/pyjnius-python3-sdl2/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/pyjnius
[INFO]: -> running cp -a jnius/src/org /home/yd/D...(and 84 more)
[INFO]: <- directory context /home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android
[INFO]: Postbuilding android for armeabi-v7a
[INFO]: Postbuilding kivy for armeabi-v7a
[INFO]: # Installing pure Python modules
[INFO]: *** PYTHON PACKAGE / PROJECT INSTALL STAGE ***
[INFO]: The requirements (certifi, plyer) don't have recipes, attempting to install them with pip
[INFO]: If this fails, it may mean that the module has compiled components and needs a recipe.
[INFO]: -> directory context /home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build
[INFO]: -> running virtualenv --python=python3 venv
[INFO]: Upgrade pip to latest version
[INFO]: -> running bash -c source venv/bin/activat...(and 23 more)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 1199, in <module>
main()
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/entrypoints.py", line 18, in main
ToolchainCL()
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 671, in __init__
getattr(self, args.subparser_name.replace('-', '_'))(args)
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 155, in wrapper_func
build_dist_from_args(ctx, dist, args)
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 209, in build_dist_from_args
args, "ignore_setup_py", False
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/build.py", line 605, in build_recipes
ignore_setup_py=ignore_project_setup_py
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/build.py", line 791, in run_pymodules_install
), _env=copy.copy(base_env))
File "/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/logger.py", line 179, in shprint
output = command(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/yd/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 1474, in __call__
extracted_call_args, kwargs = self._extract_call_args(kwargs)
File "/home/yd/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 1377, in _extract_call_args
raise TypeError("Invalid special arguments:\n\n%s\n" % exc_msg)
TypeError: Invalid special arguments:
'env': env must be a dict. Got environ({'GJS_DEBUG_TOPICS': 'JS ERROR;JS LOG', 'LESSOPEN': '| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s', 'USER': 'yd', 'TEXTDOMAIN': 'im-config', 'XDG_SEAT': 'seat0', 'SSH_AGENT_PID': '1163', 'XDG_SESSION_TYPE': 'x11', 'SHLVL': '1', 'QT4_IM_MODULE': 'xim', 'HOME': '/home/yd', 'OLDPWD': '/home/yd/Desktop', 'DESKTOP_SESSION': 'ubuntu', 'GNOME_SHELL_SESSION_MODE': 'ubuntu', 'GTK_MODULES': 'gail:atk-bridge', 'ANDROIDMINAPI': '21', 'DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS': 'unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus', 'COLORTERM': 'truecolor', 'IM_CONFIG_PHASE': '2', 'LOGNAME': 'yd', 'GTK_IM_MODULE': 'ibus', '_': '/home/yd/.local/bin/buildozer', 'ANDROIDAPI': '27', 'USERNAME': 'yd', 'XDG_SESSION_ID': '1', 'TERM': 'xterm-256color', 'GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID': 'this-is-deprecated', 'ANDROIDNDK': '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b', 'WINDOWPATH': '1', 'PATH': '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin:/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86/bin/:/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/:/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b:/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk/tools:/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/apache-ant-1.9.4/bin:/home/yd/.local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin', 'SESSION_MANAGER': 'local/COMPUTER:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/1027,unix/COMPUTER:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1027', 'XDG_MENU_PREFIX': 'gnome-', 'GNOME_TERMINAL_SCREEN': '/org/gnome/Terminal/screen/32290487_4474_4053_b800_c94f4e7d0d39', 'XDG_RUNTIME_DIR': '/run/user/1000', 'DISPLAY': ':0', 'LANG': 'en_US.UTF-8', 'XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP': 'ubuntu:GNOME', 'ANDROIDSDK': '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk', 'LS_COLORS': 'rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:', 'XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP': 'ubuntu', 'XMODIFIERS': '@im=ibus', 'GNOME_TERMINAL_SERVICE': ':1.62', 'XAUTHORITY': '/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority', 'SSH_AUTH_SOCK': '/run/user/1000/keyring/ssh', 'SHELL': '/bin/bash', 'QT_ACCESSIBILITY': '1', 'GDMSESSION': 'ubuntu', 'PACKAGES_PATH': '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/packages', 'LESSCLOSE': '/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s', 'TEXTDOMAINDIR': '/usr/share/locale/', 'GJS_DEBUG_OUTPUT': 'stderr', 'GPG_AGENT_INFO': '/run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent:0:1', 'XDG_VTNR': '1', 'QT_IM_MODULE': 'xim', 'PWD': '/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android', 'CLUTTER_IM_MODULE': 'xim', 'XDG_DATA_DIRS': '/usr/share/ubuntu:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/:/var/lib/snapd/desktop', 'XDG_CONFIG_DIRS': '/etc/xdg/xdg-ubuntu:/etc/xdg', 'VTE_VERSION': '5202', 'PYTHONPATH': '/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/python-installs/plyersms'})
# Command failed: /usr/bin/python3 -m pythonforandroid.toolchain create --dist_name=plyersms --bootstrap=sdl2 --requirements=plyer,kivy --arch armeabi-v7a --copy-libs --color=always --storage-dir="/home/yd/Desktop/test/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a" --ndk-api=21
# ENVIRONMENT:
# CLUTTER_IM_MODULE = 'xim'
# LS_COLORS = 'rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:'
# LESSCLOSE = '/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s'
# XDG_MENU_PREFIX = 'gnome-'
# LANG = 'en_US.UTF-8'
# DISPLAY = ':0'
# GNOME_SHELL_SESSION_MODE = 'ubuntu'
# COLORTERM = 'truecolor'
# USERNAME = 'yd'
# XDG_VTNR = '1'
# SSH_AUTH_SOCK = '/run/user/1000/keyring/ssh'
# XDG_SESSION_ID = '1'
# USER = 'yd'
# DESKTOP_SESSION = 'ubuntu'
# QT4_IM_MODULE = 'xim'
# TEXTDOMAINDIR = '/usr/share/locale/'
# GNOME_TERMINAL_SCREEN = '/org/gnome/Terminal/screen/32290487_4474_4053_b800_c94f4e7d0d39'
# PWD = '/home/yd/Desktop/test'
# HOME = '/home/yd'
# TEXTDOMAIN = 'im-config'
# SSH_AGENT_PID = '1163'
# QT_ACCESSIBILITY = '1'
# XDG_SESSION_TYPE = 'x11'
# XDG_DATA_DIRS = '/usr/share/ubuntu:/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/:/var/lib/snapd/desktop'
# XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP = 'ubuntu'
# GJS_DEBUG_OUTPUT = 'stderr'
# GTK_MODULES = 'gail:atk-bridge'
# WINDOWPATH = '1'
# TERM = 'xterm-256color'
# SHELL = '/bin/bash'
# VTE_VERSION = '5202'
# QT_IM_MODULE = 'xim'
# XMODIFIERS = '@im=ibus'
# IM_CONFIG_PHASE = '2'
# XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP = 'ubuntu:GNOME'
# GPG_AGENT_INFO = '/run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent:0:1'
# GNOME_TERMINAL_SERVICE = ':1.62'
# XDG_SEAT = 'seat0'
# SHLVL = '1'
# GDMSESSION = 'ubuntu'
# GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID = 'this-is-deprecated'
# LOGNAME = 'yd'
# DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS = 'unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus'
# XDG_RUNTIME_DIR = '/run/user/1000'
# XAUTHORITY = '/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority'
# XDG_CONFIG_DIRS = '/etc/xdg/xdg-ubuntu:/etc/xdg'
# PATH = '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/apache-ant-1.9.4/bin:/home/yd/.local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin'
# GJS_DEBUG_TOPICS = 'JS ERROR;JS LOG'
# SESSION_MANAGER = 'local/COMPUTER:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/1027,unix/COMPUTER:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1027'
# LESSOPEN = '| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s'
# GTK_IM_MODULE = 'ibus'
# OLDPWD = '/home/yd/Desktop'
# _ = '/home/yd/.local/bin/buildozer'
# PACKAGES_PATH = '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/packages'
# ANDROIDSDK = '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk'
# ANDROIDNDK = '/home/yd/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b'
# ANDROIDAPI = '27'
# ANDROIDMINAPI = '21'
#
# Buildozer failed to execute the last command
# The error might be hidden in the log above this error
# Please read the full log, and search for it before
# raising an issue with buildozer itself.
# In case of a bug report, please add a full log with log_level = 2
