好了，最新的 Ubuntu 已经发布了，虽然我很想在我的新买的 Thinkpad 上使用它进行编程，但是每次安装它时我都会收到一条错误信息，大意是：“I/O 错误...磁盘/CD 故障...或 HDD 故障等”。
我发现这在新的 Ubuntu 安装媒体上相当常见，我不知道如何解决这个问题。我可以提供更多信息，但我开始失去希望了。我只有 1 个 128 GB 的 USB-HDD 棒，安装程序确保在警告我错误之前擦除了我的硬盘（这真的很愚蠢，因为它在擦除硬盘后立即警告你一个无法恢复的错误）。
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install smartmontools
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
gsmartcontrol smart-notifier mailx | mailutils
The following NEW packages will be installed:
smartmontools
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 525 kB of archives.
After this operation, 2,087 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 smartmontools amd64 7.1-1build1 [525 kB]
Fetched 525 kB in 1s (529 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package smartmontools.
(Reading database ... 187343 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../smartmontools_7.1-1build1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking smartmontools (7.1-1build1) ...
Setting up smartmontools (7.1-1build1) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/smartd.service → /lib/systemd/system/smartmontools.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smartmontools.service → /lib/systemd/system/smartmontools.service.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3) ...
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo smartctl -i /dev/sda
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-26-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi/HGST Travelstar Z7K500
Device Model: HGST HTS725050A7E630
Serial Number: TF655AWH07WHKL
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 77ec395d6
Firmware Version: GH2ZB550
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Thu Jul 9 19:10:45 2020 UTC
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo smartctl -s on /dev/sda
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-26-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Enabled.
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo smartctl -c /dev/sda
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-26-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 45) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 88) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo smartctl -t short /dev/sda
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-26-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 2 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Thu Jul 9 19:14:40 2020 UTC
Use smartctl -X to abort test.
那么... 简短的测试结果。
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-26-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 15274 -
# 2 Vendor (0x50) Completed without error 00% 9005 -
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 9005 -
-------新闻快讯-----安装后这是输出/信息
警告：这将破坏您已删除的分区以及将要格式化的分区上的所有数据。
以下设备的分区表已更改：SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda)
以下分区将被格式化：SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda) 的分区 #1 为 SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda) 的分区 #5 为 ext4
安装程序在将文件复制到硬盘时遇到错误：[错误编号 5] 输入/输出错误
这是由于 CD/DVD 磁盘或驱动器故障或硬盘故障而导致的。清洁 CD/DVD、以较低的速度刻录 CD/DVD、清洁 CD/DVD 驱动器镜头（清洁套件通常可从电子产品供应商处获得）、检查硬盘是否老旧并需要更换或将系统移至较凉爽的环境可能会有所帮助。
安装程序崩溃：很抱歉，安装程序崩溃了。关闭此窗口后，我们将允许您使用集成的错误报告工具提交错误报告。这将收集有关您的系统和安装过程的信息。详细信息将发送到我们的错误跟踪器，开发人员将尽快处理该问题。
此问题已在 Web 浏览器中显示的错误报告中报告。请检查是否可以添加任何可能对开发人员有帮助的进一步信息。
答案1
下次看到此错误时，请拔下 USB 并将其插入另一个 USB 端口。安装将从停止的地方继续。