我按照附加驱动程序提示安装了 nvidia 440 驱动程序，它们确实显示为已安装。但是 SMI 输出显示它无法连接，并且表现得好像它未安装或未运行。prime-select 查询显示它设置为 nvidia，我尝试将 prime select 交换为 intel，然后切换回 nvidia，并进行了完全重启，但问题并未得到任何修复。
nvidia 的 dpkg 输出显示我拥有一切。
ii libnvidia-cfg1-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii libnvidia-common-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 all Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
ii libnvidia-compute-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-compute-440:i386 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-decode-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-decode-440:i386 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-encode-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-encode-440:i386 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-extra-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Extra libraries for the NVIDIA driver
ii libnvidia-fbc1-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-fbc1-440:i386 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-gl-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-gl-440:i386 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-ifr1-440:amd64 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii libnvidia-ifr1-440:i386 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii nvidia-compute-utils-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA compute utilities
ii nvidia-dkms-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA DKMS package
ii nvidia-driver-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA driver metapackage
ii nvidia-kernel-common-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 Shared files used with the kernel module
ii nvidia-kernel-source-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA kernel source package
ii nvidia-prime 0.8.14 all Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii nvidia-settings 440.64-0ubuntu1 amd64 Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii nvidia-utils-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii screen-resolution-extra 0.18build1 all Extension for the nvidia-settings control panel
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-440 440.100-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 NVIDIA binary Xorg driver
在尝试运行 nvidia-settings 时我得到了
ERROR: NVIDIA driver is not loaded
ERROR: Unable to load info from any available system
(nvidia-settings:1791): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: 01:18:05.602: g_object_unref: assertion 'G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed
答案1
在提问之前我花了一段时间研究这个问题，但我认为最好的方法可能是通过以下方式清除所有 nvidia 驱动程序文件
sudo apt remove --purge '^nvidia-.*'
然后按照 CLI 安装
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-440
完成后我nvidia-settings再次运行并真正得到了所需的输出，而不是一堆指出无法找到驱动程序的错误。
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 440.100 Driver Version: 440.100 CUDA Version: 10.2 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 GeForce RTX 2060 Off | 00000000:01:00.0 On | N/A |
| N/A 51C P5 14W / N/A | 467MiB / 5934MiB | 23% Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+