我想使用 KVM 在我的服务器上安装一些虚拟机，因此我创建了一个网桥。到目前为止一切顺利...
我的操作系统是Ubuntu 20.04。
我改变了01-netcfg.yaml归档/etc/netplan：
前：
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
enp5s0:
dhcp4: no
addresses: [192.168.192.222/24]
gateway4: 192.168.192.1
nameservers:
addresses: [8.8.8.8]
search: [example.net]
至之后：
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
enp5s0:
dhcp4: false
dhcp6: false
# addresses: [192.168.192.222/24]
# gateway4: 192.168.192.1
# nameservers:
# addresses: [8.8.8.8]
# search: [example.net]
bridges:
br0:
interfaces: [enp5s0]
dhcp4: no
dhcp6: no
addresses: [192.168.192.222/24]
gateway4: 192.168.192.1
mtu: 1500
nameservers:
addresses: [8.8.8.8]
parameters:
stp: true
forward-delay: 4
我注册了这座桥并且没有遇到任何错误。
在 /等/网络计划我得到了一个主机桥接器.xml文件：
<network>
<name>host-bridge</name>
<forward mode="bridge"/>
<bridge name="br0"/>
</network>
但是...几个小时后，我与服务器的 ssh 连接消失了。我进入物理机并尝试 ping：
ping google.de -> 成功
ping 路由器 -> 错误
ping 局域网内的其他机器 -> 错误
之后我播放了我最初的 .yaml 配置文件，应用了 netplan，重新启动了......
一切又恢复正常了。
再次设置桥接后，我重现了此错误 -> 几个小时后又发生了同样的事情。播放原始 .yaml 文件有所帮助。
所以在我看来，桥接是导致错误的原因。您能告诉我解决方案是什么吗？
下面我向您发送命令和附加文件的输出：
输出知识产权：
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp5s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 04:92:26:5d:0b:b7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.192.222/24 brd 192.168.192.255 scope global enp5s0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::692:26ff:fe5d:bb7/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: enp3s0f0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:15:17:a6:4e:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: enp3s0f1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:15:17:a6:4e:59 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: enp6s0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1b:21:a3:b3:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 04:92:26:5d:0b:b7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.192.222/24 brd 192.168.192.255 scope global br0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::692:26ff:fe5d:bb7/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
输出路由：
default via 192.168.192.1 dev enp5s0
default via 192.168.192.1 dev br0 proto static
192.168.192.0/24 dev enp5s0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.192.222
192.168.192.0/24 dev br0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.192.222
输出网络状态监测：
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.192.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 enp5s0
0.0.0.0 192.168.192.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 br0
192.168.192.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 enp5s0
192.168.192.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0
输出networkctl -a 状态：
● 1: lo
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: n/a
Type: loopback
State: carrier (unmanaged)
MTU: 65536
Queue Length (Tx/Rx): 1/1
Address: 127.0.0.1
::1
● 2: enp5s0
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-enp5s0.network
Type: ether
State: routable (configuring)
Path: pci-0000:05:00.0
Driver: r8169
Vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
Model: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
HW Address: 04:92:26:5d:0b:b7 (ASUSTek COMPUTER INC.)
MTU: 1500 (min: 60, max: 9200)
Queue Length (Tx/Rx): 1/1
Auto negotiation: yes
Speed: 1Gbps
Duplex: full
Port: mii
Address: 192.168.192.222
fe80::692:26ff:fe5d:bb7
Gateway: 192.168.192.1
DNS: 192.168.192.1
Search Domains: fritz.box
Connected To: Wifi2ndFloor on port 18:e8:29:69:ae:23 (br0)
n/a on port 2c:56:dc:72:32:0c
UBNT on port e0:63:da:17:95:2b (br0)
Aug 02 13:59:30 hal9999 systemd-networkd[2380]: enp5s0: Gained IPv6LL
Aug 02 15:21:21 hal9999 systemd-networkd[3548]: enp5s0: Gained IPv6LL
● 3: enp3s0f0
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: n/a
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (unmanaged)
Path: pci-0000:03:00.0
Driver: e1000e
Vendor: Intel Corporation
Model: 82571EB/82571GB Gigabit Ethernet Controller D0/D1 (copper applications) (PRO/1000 PT Dual Port Server Adapter)
HW Address: 00:15:17:a6:4e:58 (Intel Corporate)
MTU: 1500 (min: 68, max: 9212)
Queue Length (Tx/Rx): 1/1
Auto negotiation: yes
Speed: n/a
Port: tp
● 4: enp3s0f1
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: n/a
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (unmanaged)
Path: pci-0000:03:00.1
Driver: e1000e
Vendor: Intel Corporation
Model: 82571EB/82571GB Gigabit Ethernet Controller D0/D1 (copper applications) (PRO/1000 PT Dual Port Server Adapter)
HW Address: 00:15:17:a6:4e:59 (Intel Corporate)
MTU: 1500 (min: 68, max: 9212)
Queue Length (Tx/Rx): 1/1
Auto negotiation: yes
Speed: n/a
Port: tp
● 5: enp6s0
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: n/a
Type: ether
State: no-carrier (unmanaged)
Path: pci-0000:06:00.0
Driver: e1000e
Vendor: Intel Corporation
Model: 82574L Gigabit Network Connection (Gigabit CT Desktop Adapter)
HW Address: 00:1b:21:a3:b3:8e (Intel Corporate)
MTU: 1500 (min: 68, max: 9212)
Queue Length (Tx/Rx): 1/1
Auto negotiation: yes
Speed: n/a
Port: tp
● 6: br0
Link File: /lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Network File: /run/systemd/network/10-netplan-br0.network
Type: bridge
State: routable (configured)
Driver: bridge
HW Address: 04:92:26:5d:0b:b7 (ASUSTek COMPUTER INC.)
MTU: 1500 (min: 68, max: 65535)
Forward Delay: 4s
Hello Time: 2s
Max Age: 20s
Ageing Time: 5min
Priority: 32768
STP: yes
Multicast IGMP Version: 2
Queue Length (Tx/Rx): 1/1
Address: 192.168.192.222
fe80::692:26ff:fe5d:bb7
Gateway: 192.168.192.1 (AVM Audiovisuelles Marketing und Computersysteme GmbH)
DNS: 8.8.8.8
Aug 02 13:59:30 hal9999 systemd-networkd[2380]: br0: netdev ready
Aug 02 13:59:30 hal9999 systemd-networkd[2380]: br0: IPv6 successfully enabled
Aug 02 13:59:30 hal9999 systemd-networkd[2380]: br0: Link UP
Aug 02 13:59:38 hal9999 systemd-networkd[2380]: br0: Gained carrier
Aug 02 13:59:39 hal9999 systemd-networkd[2380]: br0: Gained IPv6LL
Aug 02 15:21:21 hal9999 systemd-networkd[3548]: br0: netdev ready
Aug 02 15:21:21 hal9999 systemd-networkd[3548]: br0: Gained IPv6LL
Aug 02 15:21:21 hal9999 systemd-networkd[3548]: br0: netdev exists, using existing without changing its parameters
Aug 02 15:21:21 hal9999 systemd-networkd[3548]: br0: IPv6 successfully enabled
/运行/systemd/网络/10-netplan-br0.netdev
[NetDev]
Name=br0
MACAddress=04:92:26:5d:0b:b7
MTUBytes=1500
Kind=bridge
[Bridge]
ForwardDelaySec=4
STP=true
/运行/systemd/network/10-netplan-br0.network
[Match]
Name=br0
[Link]
MTUBytes=1500
[Network]
LinkLocalAddressing=ipv6
Address=192.168.192.222/24
Gateway=192.168.192.1
DNS=8.8.8.8
ConfigureWithoutCarrier=yes
/运行/systemd/network/10-netplan-enp5s0.network
[Match]
MACAddress=04:92:26:5d:0b:b7
Type=!vlan bond bridge
[Network]
DHCP=ipv4
LinkLocalAddressing=no
DNS=192.168.192.1
Domains=fritz.box
Bridge=br0
[DHCP]
CriticalConnection=true
ClientIdentifier=mac
RouteMetric=100
UseMTU=true
按照建议将 .yaml 文件中的真实接口 mac 地址添加到接口和网桥这里没有帮助。
更新2： ls -la /run/systemd/network/应用 netplan 之前的输出：
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Aug 6 11:09 .
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 540 Aug 6 11:09 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 256 Aug 6 11:09 10-netplan-enp5s0.network
和后sudo netplan 申请：
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 100 Aug 8 15:38 .
drwxr-xr-x 24 root root 560 Aug 8 15:38 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 81 Aug 8 15:38 10-netplan-br0.netdev
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 164 Aug 8 15:38 10-netplan-br0.network
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 192 Aug 8 15:38 10-netplan-enp5s0.network
输出10-netplan-br0.网络：
[Match]
Name=br0
[Link]
MTUBytes=1500
[Network]
LinkLocalAddressing=ipv6
Address=192.168.192.222/24
Gateway=192.168.192.1
DNS=8.8.8.8
ConfigureWithoutCarrier=yes
输出10-netplan-br0.netdev：
[NetDev]
Name=br0
MTUBytes=1500
Kind=bridge
[Bridge]
ForwardDelaySec=4
STP=true