我正在使用 Ubuntu 20.04。
当我启动电脑时，我可以选择 GPU 的 DisplayPort 电缆作为音频输出。
现在它消失了，我只看到我的主板的输出设备。
如果我运行pacmd list-cards，我仍然会看到 NVidia 设备：
$ pacmd 列表卡
2 card(s) available.
index: 0
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_07_00.1>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 7
properties:
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xfc080000 irq 88"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:07:00.1"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.1/0000:07:00.1/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "10de"
device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
device.product.id = "0fb8"
device.product.name = "GP108 High Definition Audio Controller"
device.string = "0"
device.description = "GP108 High Definition Audio Controller"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 5900, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra2: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra2: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra3: Digital Stereo (HDMI 4) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra3: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra3: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra4: Digital Stereo (HDMI 5) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra4: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra4: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5) Output (priority 600, available: no)
off: Off (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <off>
ports:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-2: HDMI / DisplayPort 3 (priority 5700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-3: HDMI / DisplayPort 4 (priority 5600, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-4: HDMI / DisplayPort 5 (priority 5500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
index: 1
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_09_00.4>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 8
properties:
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HD-Audio Generic"
alsa.long_card_name = "HD-Audio Generic at 0xfc400000 irq 90"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:09:00.4"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:08.1/0000:09:00.4/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "1022"
device.vendor.name = "Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]"
device.product.id = "1487"
device.product.name = "Starship/Matisse HD Audio Controller"
device.string = "1"
device.description = "Starship/Matisse HD Audio Controller"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
input:analog-stereo: Analogue Stereo Input (priority 65, available: no)
output:analog-stereo: Analogue Stereo Output (priority 6500, available: no)
output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analogue Stereo Duplex (priority 6565, available: no)
output:analog-surround-21: Analogue Surround 2.1 Output (priority 1300, available: no)
output:analog-surround-21+input:analog-stereo: Analogue Surround 2.1 Output + Analogue Stereo Input (priority 1365, available: no)
output:analog-surround-40: Analogue Surround 4.0 Output (priority 1200, available: no)
output:analog-surround-40+input:analog-stereo: Analogue Surround 4.0 Output + Analogue Stereo Input (priority 1265, available: no)
output:analog-surround-41: Analogue Surround 4.1 Output (priority 1300, available: no)
output:analog-surround-41+input:analog-stereo: Analogue Surround 4.1 Output + Analogue Stereo Input (priority 1365, available: no)
output:analog-surround-50: Analogue Surround 5.0 Output (priority 1200, available: no)
output:analog-surround-50+input:analog-stereo: Analogue Surround 5.0 Output + Analogue Stereo Input (priority 1265, available: no)
output:analog-surround-51: Analogue Surround 5.1 Output (priority 1300, available: no)
output:analog-surround-51+input:analog-stereo: Analogue Surround 5.1 Output + Analogue Stereo Input (priority 1365, available: no)
output:iec958-stereo: Digital Stereo (IEC958) Output (priority 5500, available: unknown)
output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (IEC958) Output + Analogue Stereo Input (priority 5565, available: no)
off: Off (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <output:iec958-stereo>
sinks:
alsa_output.pci-0000_09_00.4.iec958-stereo/#0: Starship/Matisse HD Audio Controller Digital Stereo (IEC958)
sources:
alsa_output.pci-0000_09_00.4.iec958-stereo.monitor/#0: Monitor of Starship/Matisse HD Audio Controller Digital Stereo (IEC958)
ports:
analog-input-front-mic: Front Microphone (priority 8500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-rear-mic: Rear Microphone (priority 8200, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-linein: Line In (priority 8100, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
analog-output-lineout: Line Out (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
iec958-stereo-output: Digital Output (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
为什么我不能再将 GPU 设置为输出设备？
更新：如果我重新启动机器，我就可以看到 GPU 作为输出设备。
编辑：
这修复了它
sudo apt-get install --reinstall alsa-base pulseaudio
pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload
答案1
你已经解决了你的问题。
由于您尚未确定问题的根源，因此我发布此答案以防将来再次出现，这是由于我遇到了类似的问题，我花了相当多的精力才解决。
该问题描述于Ubuntu 20.04 重启后只有“虚拟输出”（声音）-驱动程序/模块损坏.alsa force-reload没有解决。问题的原因是，每次更新内核后，相应的驱动程序都没有更新。接受的答案显示了如何识别和解决问题。
避免在更新内核时丢失内核 linux-modules-extra-XX-generic 展示如何一劳永逸地摆脱将来的问题。
如果您发现问题再次出现，并且可以将其链接到内核更新，您可能会发现链接问题中的信息很有用。
答案2
对于遇到此问题且上述修复不起作用的任何人来说：这通常有效；
sudo apt update
sudo apt-get install pavucontrol -y
目前已测试：
- Ubuntu 20.04
以及其他 Linux 发行版
- Arch Linux
- Debian
- 屈贝斯
- Ubuntu（当然，这是我尝试此解决方案的第一个操作系统）
希望这能对将来的某人有所帮助！