我在工作时遇到了系统无法预测的无响应问题。我无法找出具体原因，因为它似乎是完全随机的，但我在工作时，打开一个窗口或执行一些操作，例如单击逗号分隔文件中的按钮，或者在处理电子邮件时，我接下来知道的是我无法打字。
键盘没有反应。Shift lock并且不起作用。鼠标左键Number lock和右键不起作用。鼠标光标移动，但那是唯一起作用的东西。++++++++++不执行任何操作。++-Alt不执行任何操作。这就像USB 系统出现故障，但这是永久性的，我做什么都无法将其解除或使其重新开始工作。SysReqREISUBCtrlShiftF1F6
我尝试连接另一个 USB 键盘（通常使用无线 Logitech 键盘和鼠标，通常可以正常工作），但第二个键盘没有任何反应。就像 USB 系统已关闭一样。
我能阻止这种情况的唯一方法是按住电源按钮，但我会失去一切。这确实不是最佳选择。但我看过很多帖子，其中 heynnema 介绍了这些问题并能够查明问题所在，但我没有看到任何无法调出 tty 控制台并执行操作的地方。这完全失去了键盘和机器的任何功能。
有什么想法可以开始吗？Intel Core i7-3770CPU @ 3.4Ghz，4 核，16 GB 内存，Nvidia GeForce GTX 550Ti，1 GB 内存；American Megatrends 2014 Bios，华硕电脑主板 P8-Z77-V。
$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15G 5.0G 8.0G 378M 2.6G 9.9G
Swap: 2.0G 0B 2.0G
$ sysctl vm.swappiness
vm.swappiness = 60
$ sudo lshw -C memory
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 2104
date: 08/13/2013
size: 64KiB
capacity: 8128KiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1-Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2-Cache
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1MiB
capabilities: internal varies unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2 DISABLED
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3-Cache
size: 8MiB
capacity: 8MiB
capabilities: internal unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory:0 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 1
*-bank UNCLAIMED
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: HMT351U6EFR8C-PB
vendor: Hynix/Hyundai
physical id: 0
serial: 00748856
slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-memory:1
description: System Memory
physical id: 60
slot: System board or motherboard
*-bank:0
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: PSD34G13332
vendor: 8502
physical id: 0
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelA-DIMM1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:1
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: HMT351U6EFR8C-PB
vendor: Hynix/Hyundai
physical id: 1
serial: 006488BC
slot: ChannelB-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:2
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: PSD34G13332
vendor: 8502
physical id: 2
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelB-DIMM1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-memory:2 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 2
*-memory:3 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 3
$ ls -al /var/crash
total 70636
drwxrwsrwt 2 root whoopsie 4096 Nov 14 09:25 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Apr 27 2018 ..
-rw-r----- 1 greengas whoopsie 72322031 Nov 14 09:28 _opt_google_chrome_chrome.1000.crash
-rw-rw-r-- 1 greengas whoopsie 0 Nov 10 22:51 _opt_google_chrome_chrome.1000.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 0 Nov 10 22:51 _opt_google_chrome_chrome.1000.uploaded
$ dpkg -l *nvidia* | grep ii
ii libnvidia-common-450-server 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 all Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
ii libnvidia-compute-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-decode-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-encode-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-fbc1-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-gl-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-ifr1-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii nvidia-prime 0.8.8.2 all Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii nvidia-settings 440.82-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
结果/sys/log/kern.log：
Nov 15 08:14:25 ReimersAsusUbuntu kernel: [ 3217.517164] audit: type=1400 audit(1605395665.728:289): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.gnome-system-monitor.gnome-system-monitor" name="/proc/11832/attr/current" pid=9515 comm="gnome-system-mo" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
Nov 15 08:14:46 ReimersAsusUbuntu kernel: [ 3238.521305] audit: type=1400 audit(1605395686.732:290): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.gnome-system-monitor.gnome-system-monitor" name="/proc/11907/attr/current" pid=9515 comm="gnome-system-mo" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
Nov 15 08:16:37 ReimersAsusUbuntu kernel: [ 3349.549809] audit: type=1400 audit(1605395797.760:291): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.gnome-system-monitor.gnome-system-monitor" name="/proc/12011/attr/current" pid=9515 comm="gnome-system-mo" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
Nov 15 08:17:31 ReimersAsusUbuntu kernel: [ 3403.553539] audit: type=1400 audit(1605395851.764:292): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.gnome-system-monitor.gnome-system-monitor" name="/proc/12210/attr/current" pid=9515 comm="gnome-system-mo" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
OpenVPN 似乎出了点问题。结果/var/log/sys.log
Nov 15 08:28:35 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN connection to HMA...
Nov 15 08:28:35 ReimersAsusUbuntu ovpn-HMA[13367]: Options error: In /etc/openvpn/HMA.conf:1: Error opening configuration file: /tmp/hma-config.cfg
Nov 15 08:28:35 ReimersAsusUbuntu ovpn-HMA[13367]: Use --help for more information.
Nov 15 08:28:35 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: [email protected]: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Nov 15 08:28:35 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: [email protected]: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Nov 15 08:28:35 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: Failed to start OpenVPN connection to HMA.
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: [email protected]: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: [email protected]: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 773.
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: Stopped OpenVPN connection to HMA.
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN connection to HMA...
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu ovpn-HMA[13374]: Options error: In /etc/openvpn/HMA.conf:1: Error opening configuration file: /tmp/hma-config.cfg
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu ovpn-HMA[13374]: Use --help for more information.
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: [email protected]: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: [email protected]: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Nov 15 08:28:40 ReimersAsusUbuntu systemd[1]: Failed to start OpenVPN connection to HMA.
Nov 15 08:28:42 ReimersAsusUbuntu org.gnome.Shell.desktop[1783]: Window manager warning: Buggy client sent a _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW message with a timestamp of 0 for 0x5600084 (*syslog (/)
$ cat /etc/openvpn/HMA.conf
config /tmp/hma-config.cfg
就这些了。我觉得这是个问题，但我不知道该怎么解决。现在要检查一下内存插槽。
我确认主板上有 4 个物理内存插槽。每个插槽都装有 4 GB 的内存模块。
我已将结果粘贴cat /var/log/syslog在Ubuntu Pastebin
sudo lshw -C memory移除两个 Patriot Memory PSD34G1333KH PS000830 8GB PC3-10600 1333MHz (2x4gb)Kit DIMM 并将两个 SK Hynix 4GB 2Rx8 PC3-12800U-11-13-1 DIMM 放入蓝色插槽后的新结果：
$ sudo lshw -C memory
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 2104
date: 08/13/2013
size: 64KiB
capacity: 8128KiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1-Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2-Cache
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1MiB
capabilities: internal varies unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2 DISABLED
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3-Cache
size: 8MiB
capacity: 8MiB
capabilities: internal unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory:0 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 1
*-bank UNCLAIMED
description: DIMM [empty]
product: [Empty]
vendor: [Empty]
physical id: 0
serial: [Empty]
slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
*-memory:1
description: System Memory
physical id: 60
slot: System board or motherboard
*-bank:0
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1600 MHz (0.6 ns)
product: HMT351U6EFR8C-PB
vendor: Hynix/Hyundai
physical id: 0
serial: 00748856
slot: ChannelA-DIMM1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns)
*-bank:1
description: DIMM [empty]
product: [Empty]
vendor: [Empty]
physical id: 1
serial: [Empty]
slot: ChannelB-DIMM0
*-bank:2
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1600 MHz (0.6 ns)
product: HMT351U6EFR8C-PB
vendor: Hynix/Hyundai
physical id: 2
serial: 006488BC
slot: ChannelB-DIMM1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns)
*-memory:2 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 2
*-memory:3 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 3
顺便说一句，我购买这款 CPU 时，里面就有 Patriot 内存模块。如果是这些问题，那么这很可能就是原主人以非常大的折扣将其卖给我的原因，而且他可能遇到了问题。
按照 heynnema 的指示删除后/etc/openVPN/HMA.conf：
$ sudo rm /etc/openvpn/HMA.conf
$ cat /etc/openvpn/HMA.conf
cat: /etc/openvpn/HMA.conf: No such file or directory
现在它已被删除。
从蓝色插槽中取出两个 Hynix 4GB DIMM，并在黑色插槽中安装两个 Patriot 8GB DIMM。蓝色插槽是空的。
$ sudo lshw -C memory
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 2104
date: 08/13/2013
size: 64KiB
capacity: 8128KiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1-Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2-Cache
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1MiB
capabilities: internal varies unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2 DISABLED
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3-Cache
size: 8MiB
capacity: 8MiB
capabilities: internal unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory:0 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 1
*-bank UNCLAIMED
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: PSD34G13332
vendor: 8502
physical id: 0
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-memory:1
description: System Memory
physical id: 60
slot: System board or motherboard
*-bank:0
description: DIMM [empty]
product: [Empty]
vendor: [Empty]
physical id: 0
serial: [Empty]
slot: ChannelA-DIMM1
*-bank:1
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: PSD34G13332
vendor: 8502
physical id: 1
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelB-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:2
description: DIMM [empty]
product: [Empty]
vendor: [Empty]
physical id: 2
serial: [Empty]
slot: ChannelB-DIMM1
*-memory:2 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 2
*-memory:3 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 3
以下是蓝色内存插槽中安装 4GB Hynix DIMM 的报告：
$ sudo lshw -C memory
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 2104
date: 08/13/2013
size: 64KiB
capacity: 8128KiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1-Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2-Cache
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1MiB
capabilities: internal varies unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2 DISABLED
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3-Cache
size: 8MiB
capacity: 8MiB
capabilities: internal unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory:0 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 1
*-bank UNCLAIMED
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: PSD34G13332
vendor: 8502
physical id: 0
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-memory:1
description: System Memory
physical id: 60
slot: System board or motherboard
*-bank:0
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: HMT351U6EFR8C-PB
vendor: Hynix/Hyundai
physical id: 0
serial: 006488BC
slot: ChannelA-DIMM1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:1
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: PSD34G13332
vendor: 8502
physical id: 1
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelB-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:2
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: HMT351U6EFR8C-PB
vendor: Hynix/Hyundai
physical id: 2
serial: 00748856
slot: ChannelB-DIMM1
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-memory:2 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 2
*-memory:3 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 3
答案1
您有各种各样的问题。
OpenVPN
/var/log/syslog 中有很多 OpenVPN 错误。这是由于 VPN .conf 文件无效。删除它：
sudo rm -i /etc/openvpn/HMA.conf
从您的 VPN 供应商、ISP 或 IT 部门获取正确的 .conf 文件。
BIOS
华硕 P8Z77-V
您的 BIOS 版本为 2104，发布日期为 2013 年 8 月 13 日。
我相信有更新的 BIOS 可用，但我无法检查，因为华硕网站有问题。称呼或者聊天与华硕联系，告诉他们你需要检查 P8Z77-V 的新 BIOS，但他们的支持主板损坏。请参阅https://www.asus.com/us/Motherboards/P8Z77V/HelpDesk_Download/
笔记：华硕网页现已修复，并确认您拥有最新的 BIOS。显然您拥有的是“亚洲”主板，因此您可能需要查看其海外网页以查看是否有更新的 BIOS。
笔记：我刚刚查看了他们的 tw 网页这里，并且还显示您拥有当前的 BIOS。
超频
确认主板未超频，并且内存 XMP 已禁用。请参阅 BIOS 以了解这些设置。
记忆
sudo lshw -C memory显示出了几个问题。
*-cache:2 DISABLED
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3-Cache
size: 8MiB
capacity: 8MiB
capabilities: internal unified
configuration: level=3
不应禁用 L3 缓存。
还...
*-memory:0 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 1
*-bank UNCLAIMED
description: DIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: PSD34G13332
vendor: 8502
physical id: 0
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
这不应显示为无人认领。
这些可能是华硕主板的问题......但我希望 BIOS 更新可以解决这些问题。
去https://www.memtest86.com/并免费下载/运行它们memtest来测试你的记忆力。至少完成一次所有 4/4 测试以确认记忆力良好。这可能需要几个小时才能完成。
英伟达
dpkg -l *nvidia* | grep ii显示：
ii libnvidia-common-450-server 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 all Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
ii libnvidia-compute-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-decode-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-encode-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-fbc1-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-gl-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-ifr1-450-server:i386 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii nvidia-prime 0.8.8.2 all Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii nvidia-settings 440.82-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
您没有服务器或 i386。删除所有当前 Nvidia 软件，获取适合您的 Nvidia GeForce GTX 550Ti 的正确 Nvidia 驱动程序，然后安装它。
sudo apt-get purge *nvidia*# 删除旧软件
答案2
这个问题似乎已经解决了。Memcheck 报告所有 16GB RAM 均正常运行。自从我删除了所有 NVIDIA 驱动程序并重新加载了显卡的正确驱动程序后，我就再也没有遇到过锁定或键盘无响应的情况。