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如何 ！！在 bash 中工作？

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如何 ！！在 bash 中工作？

当您忘记命令开头的 sudo 时非常有用，!!它的作用类似于前一个命令的别名。例子 ：

$ mv /very/long/path/for/a/protected/sensible/file/caution.h .
(...) Permission denined
$ sudo !!
sudo mv /very/long/path/for(...) .
[sudo] password :
  • 我们怎么称呼这种双重!!伎俩呢？由于该令牌，通过互联网进行研究很困难。
  • 它是如何工作的 ？我怀疑与历史命令有联系。
  • 它在哪里定义的？我可以自己定义其他的吗？

编辑：一些有趣的事件指示符

!!:*

它指的是前一个命令的参数。使用案例：

cat /a/file/to/read/with/long/path
nano !!:*

:p

只需打印命令而不执行它，您必须将其放在事件指示符的末尾。

$ !-5:p
sudo rm /etc/fstab -f

更多这里。

答案1

!!列在bash手册的“事件指示符”标题下：

   An event designator is a reference to a command line  entry  in  the
   history list.  Unless the reference is absolute, events are relative
   to the current position in the history list.

   !      Start a history  substitution,  except  when  followed  by  a
          blank,  newline,  carriage  return,  = or ( (when the extglob
          shell option is enabled using the shopt builtin).
   !n     Refer to command line n.
   !-n    Refer to the current command minus n.
   !!     Refer to the previous command.  This is a synonym for  `!-1'.
   !string
          Refer  to the most recent command preceding the current posi-
          tion in the history list starting with string.
   !?string[?]
          Refer to the most recent command preceding the current  posi-
          tion  in  the history list containing string.  The trailing ?
          may be omitted if string is followed immediately  by  a  new-
          line.
   ^string1^string2^
          Quick  substitution.   Repeat the previous command, replacing
          string1       with       string2.        Equivalent        to
          ``!!:s/string1/string2/'' (see Modifiers below).
   !#     The entire command line typed so far.

因此!!将被替换为之前的命令。

请注意，shell 历史记录将不包含文字!!，而是包含执行的实际命令：

$ ls
[some output]

$ !! .
[same output]

$ history 3
  645  2016-08-25 17:40:55 ls
  646  2016-08-25 17:40:57 ls .
  647  2016-08-25 17:41:00 history 3

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