我有一台联想 Thinkpad T440s，之前运行的是 Ubuntu 18.04，现在运行的是 Ubuntu 20.04。
上周有一天 Steam 突然停止工作。它正常执行验证，然后就停止了。当我从终端启动它时，我得到了以下输出：
Running Steam on ubuntu 20.04 64-bit
STEAM_RUNTIME is enabled automatically
Pins up-to-date!
Steam client's requirements are satisfied
WARNING: Using default/fallback debugger launch
/home/user/.steam/debian-installation/ubuntu12_32/steam -nominidumps -nobreakpad
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] Startup - updater built Jun 8 2021 22:23:36
Looks like steam didn't shutdown cleanly, scheduling immediate update check
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] Using the following download hosts for Public, Realm steamglobal
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] 1. https://cdn.cloudflare.steamstatic.com, /client/, Realm 'steamglobal', weight was 100, source = 'update_hosts_cached.vdf'
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] 2. https://cdn.akamai.steamstatic.com, /client/, Realm 'steamglobal', weight was 100, source = 'update_hosts_cached.vdf'
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] 3. http://media.steampowered.com, /client/, Realm 'steamglobal', weight was 1, source = 'baked in'
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] Checking for update on startup
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] Checking for available updates...
[2021-06-17 10:42:19] Downloading manifest: https://cdn.cloudflare.steamstatic.com/client/steam_client_ubuntu12
[2021-06-17 10:42:20] Download skipped: /client/steam_client_ubuntu12 version 1623193086, installed version 1623193086, existing pending version 0
[2021-06-17 10:42:20] Nothing to do
[2021-06-17 10:42:20] Verifying installation...
[2021-06-17 10:42:20] Performing checksum verification of executable files
[2021-06-17 10:42:20] Verification complete
STEAM_RUNTIME_HEAVY: ./steam-runtime-heavy
然后它就默默地死机了。我尝试过更新到 Ubuntu 20.04、重新安装 steam、更新驱动程序等（我在这里找到的所有其他解决方案大多与专用显卡故障有关）。重新安装 steam 可以工作一次，然后当我关闭 steam 并尝试重新打开它时，这个问题又会出现。
有没有人对这个问题有任何见解，或者有启动桌面模拟游戏（我在这台机器上玩的唯一游戏）的解决方法。我真的真的不想完全清除机器并重新安装操作系统，因为这也是我自疫情开始以来的工作机器，我不想重新安装我的所有 ssh 密钥、开发软件等。
谢谢
更新
该error.log文件~/.steam/debian-installation报告了以下内容：-
nstalling breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Loaded SDL version 2.0.15-6501165
Gtk-Message: 11:31:50.628: Failed to load module "gail"
Gtk-Message: 11:31:50.628: Failed to load module "atk-bridge"
(steam:23234): Gtk-WARNING **: 11:31:50.631: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "adwaita",
/usr/share/themes/Yaru/gtk-2.0/main.rc:775: error: unexpected identifier 'direction', expected character '}'
(steam:23234): Gtk-WARNING **: 11:31:50.632: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "adwaita",
/usr/share/themes/Yaru/gtk-2.0/hacks.rc:28: error: invalid string constant "normal_entry", expected valid string constant
Steam: An X Error occurred
X Error of failed request: BadAtom (invalid Atom parameter)
Major opcode of failed request: 20 (X_GetProperty)
Atom id in failed request: 0x0
Serial number of failed request: 12
xerror_handler: X failed, continuing
Steam: An X Error occurred
X Error of failed request: BadAtom (invalid Atom parameter)
Major opcode of failed request: 20 (X_GetProperty)
Atom id in failed request: 0x0
Serial number of failed request: 13
xerror_handler: X failed, continuing
Steam: An X Error occurred
X Error of failed request: BadAtom (invalid Atom parameter)
Major opcode of failed request: 20 (X_GetProperty)
Atom id in failed request: 0x0
Serial number of failed request: 14
xerror_handler: X failed, continuing
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
[0617/113151.042040:INFO:crash_reporting.cc(247)] Crash reporting enabled for process: browser
[0617/113151.062779:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: UserID with value: 0
[0617/113151.062852:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: BuildID with value: 1623191035
[0617/113151.062858:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: SteamUniverse with value: Public
[0617/113151.062862:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: Vendor with value: Valve
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gio/modules/libdconfsettings.so: undefined symbol: g_log_structured_standard
Failed to load module: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gio/modules/libdconfsettings.so
GLib-GIO-Message: Using the 'memory' GSettings backend. Your settings will not be saved or shared with other applications.
[0617/113151.102489:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: UserID with value: 0
[0617/113151.102562:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: BuildID with value: 1623191035
[0617/113151.102568:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: SteamUniverse with value: Public
[0617/113151.102573:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: Vendor with value: Valve
[0617/113151.104725:INFO:crash_reporting.cc(247)] Crash reporting enabled for process: gpu-process
[0617/113151.134901:ERROR:sandbox_linux.cc(372)] InitializeSandbox() called with multiple threads in process gpu-process.
[0617/113151.169299:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: UserID with value: 0
[0617/113151.169369:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: BuildID with value: 1623191035
[0617/113151.169375:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: SteamUniverse with value: Public
[0617/113151.169379:WARNING:crash_reporting.cc(286)] Failed to set crash key: Vendor with value: Valve
[0617/113151.170013:INFO:crash_reporting.cc(247)] Crash reporting enabled for process: utility
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
CApplicationManagerPopulateThread took 0 milliseconds to initialize (will have waited on CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
CAppInfoCacheReadFromDiskThread took 111 milliseconds to initialize
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
Proceed to auto login
src/public/tier1/utlmemory.h (176) : Assertion Failed: 0
src/public/tier1/utlmemory.h (176) : Assertion Failed: 0
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1623193086)
crash_20210617113151_22.dmp[23331]: Uploading dump (out-of-process)
/tmp/dumps/crash_20210617113151_22.dmp
src/public/tier1/utlvector.h (1216) : Assertion Failed: !pArray || (Base() >= (pArray + size)) || (pArray >= (Base() + Count()) )
src/public/tier1/utlvector.h (1216) : Assertion Failed: !pArray || (Base() >= (pArray + size)) || (pArray >= (Base() + Count()) )
src/public/tier1/utlvector.h (1208) : Assertion Failed: count >= 0
src/public/tier1/utlvector.h (1208) : Assertion Failed: count >= 0
double free or corruption (!prev)
assert_20210617113149_1.dmp[23334]: Uploading dump (out-of-process)
/tmp/dumps/assert_20210617113149_1.dmp
/home/user/.steam/debian-installation/steam.sh: line 772: 23234 Aborted (core dumped) $STEAM_DEBUGGER $DEBUGGER_ARGS "$STEAMROOT/$STEAMEXEPATH" "$@"
crash_20210617113151_22.dmp[23331]: Finished uploading minidump (out-of-process): success = yes
crash_20210617113151_22.dmp[23331]: response: CrashID=bp-9536b9bc-be97-4003-ae61-4bc482210617
crash_20210617113151_22.dmp[23331]: file ''/tmp/dumps/crash_20210617113151_22.dmp'', upload yes: ''CrashID=bp-9536b9bc-be97-4003-ae61-4bc482210617''
assert_20210617113149_1.dmp[23334]: Finished uploading minidump (out-of-process): success = yes
assert_20210617113149_1.dmp[23334]: response: CrashID=bp-ffdda10e-c1ba-4dbd-acf2-feaa92210617
assert_20210617113149_1.dmp[23334]: file ''/tmp/dumps/assert_20210617113149_1.dmp'', upload yes: ''CrashID=bp-ffdda10e-c1ba-4dbd-acf2-feaa92210617''
答案1
HuHa 发布的答案让我看到了这个帖子：
https://steamcommunity.com/app/221410/discussions/0/3106901028662477002/?ctp=2
这提供了编辑配置文件以~/.steam/registry.vdf将标志设置RememberPassword为 0 的解决方案。这意味着您每次启动 Steam 时都必须输入密码，但 Steam 可以启动，而不是每次都崩溃。我不知道这里发生了什么，但这个解决方法可以让我继续和朋友玩游戏，直到封锁最终结束。我认为这可能是在 Steam 的上次更新中引入的，因为它今天有效，明天无效，所以可能不需要永远使用。
答案2
据报道，该问题已在当前的 Steam 测试版中修复：
https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/7813
要启用测试版，请转到左上角的“Steam”菜单，然后在“测试版参与”下的“帐户”面板上，它应显示“未参与（目前有 1 个可用）。将其更改为“Steam 测试版更新”，然后重新启动 steam。然后您应该会看到“正在更新 Steam”对话框，然后提示登录。重新打开“记住我的密码”。关键时刻：现在退出 steam，然后重新启动，看看它是否正常恢复（剧透 - 它成功了）。
答案3
因此，在错误日志中发生了几种不同的情况。
我不知道这些信息无法加载模块“gail”和无法加载模块“atk-bridge”有任何意义；因为它们被记录为Gtk 消息并不是Gtk 错误或者Gtk 警告，它们很可能是无害的。
这Gtk 警告有关阿德瓦伊塔主题很可能也是无害的。
但那些X 错误消息可能是一个真正的问题：坏原子曾经是低级 X11 编程中预示着厄运的消息之一；特别是失败请求中的 Atom id：0x0这（IIRC）意味着传递无效/空的X原子ID。
并且这是（AFAICS）导致下一条有关上传崩溃报告的消息也失败的原因。
这些信息src/public/tier1/utlvector.h (1216) : 断言失败据我所知，它来自 Valve（即 Steam）软件；这可能是以前错误的后果。
因此 Steam 尝试进行低级 X11 调用，但至少其中一些失败了。
[这引出了一个问题：你运行的真的是 X11 吗？还是 Wayland？你可以使用xdpyinfo（来自软件包x11 实用程序)。
编辑： xdpyinfo没有抛出错误，所以它确实是 X11。