我的 Ubuntu 20.10 上的 spamassassin 坏了，我无法重新安装它。
我已经做好了
dpkg --purge spamassassin sa-compile spamc
deluser --remove-all-files debian-spamd
apt update
apt upgrade
apt install spamassassin
我收到错误：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
sa-compile spamc
Suggested packages:
razor libdbi-perl pyzor libencode-detect-perl libgeoip2-perl libnet-patricia-perl
libbsd-resource-perl
The following NEW packages will be installed
sa-compile spamassassin spamc
0 to upgrade, 3 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.
Need to get 0 B/1,235 kB of archives.
After this operation, 4,902 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Selecting previously unselected package spamassassin.
(Reading database ... 271754 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../spamassassin_3.4.5~pre1-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking spamassassin (3.4.5~pre1-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package sa-compile.
Preparing to unpack .../sa-compile_3.4.5~pre1-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking sa-compile (3.4.5~pre1-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package spamc.
Preparing to unpack .../spamc_3.4.5~pre1-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking spamc (3.4.5~pre1-3) ...
Setting up spamc (3.4.5~pre1-3) ...
Setting up spamassassin (3.4.5~pre1-3) ...
Adding system user `debian-spamd' (UID 131) ...
Adding new group `debian-spamd' (GID 136) ...
Adding new user `debian-spamd' (UID 131) with group `debian-spamd' ...
Not creating home directory `/var/lib/spamassassin'.
Insecure dependency in sprintf while running with -T switch at /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.30/Con
fig.pm line 62.
Compilation failed in require at /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.30/lib.pm line 6.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.30/lib.pm line 6.
Compilation failed in require at /usr/bin/sa-update line 36.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/bin/sa-update line 36.
dpkg: error processing package spamassassin (--configure):
installed spamassassin package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 255
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of sa-compile:
sa-compile depends on spamassassin; however:
Package spamassassin is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package sa-compile (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous fa
ilure.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.3-2) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (246.6-1ubuntu1.4) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
spamassassin
sa-compile
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
现在如何安装 Ubuntu 软件包 spamassassin？
我也检查了这一点（在另一台机器上）：安装 20.04 LTS，升级到 20.10，安装 spamassassin，它可以工作，所以问题出在适当的清理上。
工作安装有 Perl v5.30.3，而非工作安装有 v5.30.0（尽管根据它是最新的apt update）。
非工作 Ubuntu 上的 Perl 版本不一致：
sudo cpan
/usr/bin/cpan: Perl lib version (5.30.3) doesn't match executable '/usr/bin/perl' version (5.30.0) at /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.30/Config.pm line 62.
Compilation failed in require at /usr/share/perl/5.30/CPAN.pm line 44.
答案1
在/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.30/Config.pm第 62 行，我将 5.30.3 替换为 5.30.0。
span运行，但经过几个小时的测试后我不得不将其终止，而且它还没有更新/usr/bin/perl。
apt install spamassassin成功。
perl最后，我用从其他工作安装复制的 5.30.3替换了5.30.0 并恢复/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.30/Config.pm。
两个二进制文件的大小完全相同，都是 3478464 字节。
实际上perl5.30.3已经存在/usr/bin，所以重命名perl就足够了。
安装 spamassassin 后，spamd在第 62 行产生错误/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base/Config.pm。
sudo apt reinstall perl-base已更新（版本号）/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base/Config.pm。
答案2
对我来说，有效的方法是确保用户debian-垃圾邮件/etc/passwd而其对应组已从、/etc/shadow和中淘汰/etc/groups。