我在运行 Ubuntu 21.10 Server 的 Raspberry Pi Zero W 2 上安装并配置了 WiFi。我运行了apt update，然后apt upgrade得到了以下输出。这是一块全新的主板和全新安装，所以我完全不确定会发生什么。
sudo apt upgrade：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu6) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-firmware (1.201.1) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi
Killed
E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -19 -T0 137
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi with 1.
dpkg: error processing package linux-firmware (--configure):installed linux-firmware package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-raspi:
linux-image-raspi depends on linux-firmware; however:
Package linux-firmware is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-raspi (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi (5.13.0-1011.13) ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-raspi:
linux-raspi depends on linux-image-raspi (= 5.13.0.1011.17); however:
Package linux-image-raspi is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-raspi (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu6) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi
Killed
E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -19 -T0 137
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi with 1.
dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure):
installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Processing triggers for linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi (5.13.0-1011.13) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1011-raspi
Killed
E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -19 -T0 137
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1011-raspi with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi (--configure):
installed linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-firmware
linux-image-raspi
linux-raspi
initramfs-tools
linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
needrestart is being skipped since dpkg has failed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
答案1
我在使用 64 位 Ubuntu Server 21.10 的 Pi Zero 2 上也遇到了同样的问题。除非启用了交换文件，否则更新过程可能会耗尽内存。
交换文件创建示例 -
sudo fallocate -l 1G /swapfile
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile
echo "/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
参考：https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-add-swap-space-on-ubuntu-20-04/
答案2
您的系统已经搞砸了，我怀疑这是一个全新安装的系统，因为这个问题不应该出现在全新安装中，无论如何，我建议重新安装作为首选，但如果你不能，那么这里有一个答案可以帮助你摆脱这些错误。
笔记
- 我是在每个解决方案后添加“*”这很可能会起作用。
简短回答 *
简单地删除并重新安装软件包：-
您可以通过以下方式删除软件包：-
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-firmware
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq initramfs-tools
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
$ sudo apt-get -f install
然后重新安装它们
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware linux-image-raspi linux-raspi initramfs-tools linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
先进的解决方案：-
使用强制安装。*
一般来说，使用apt -f install即可！
运行：
sudo apt -f install
如果错误已修复，那么恭喜您，但如果没有，请继续。
稍微前进一下 *
您可能需要清除缓存文件来apt修复此问题。通常，它不会以任何方式损害您的操作系统。
您可以运行
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb
更有可能的是，它会修复错误！如果没有，请继续。
另一种解决方案。
你也可以尝试一下 -
sudo -E apt-get install aptitude
sudo -E aptitude safe-upgrade
sudo -E aptitude dist-upgrade
在那之后
mkdir ~/debs
cd ~/debs
ls
sudo apt download linux-firmware linux-image-raspi linux-raspi initramfs-tools linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
sudo dpkg -i --force-all ./*.deb
删除并重新安装软件包。
您可以通过以下方式删除软件包：-
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-firmware
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq initramfs-tools
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
$ sudo apt-get -f install
然后重新安装它们
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware linux-image-raspi linux-raspi initramfs-tools linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
最后一个选项 *
作为最后一个选项，您可以尝试删除错误包的安装后文件。这不会解决错误，但您的系统将忽略这些错误。
cd /var/lib/dpkg/info/
mkdir ~/backup
mv linux-firmware ~/backup
mv linux-image-raspi ~/backup
mv linux-raspi ~/backup
mv initramfs-tools ~/backup
mv linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi ~/backup
sudo apt -f install
它有效吗？
如果它不起作用那就没有运气了。如果这些命令不起作用，那么你的系统就会比以前更混乱。正如您所说，这是一个全新安装，因此只需重新安装 ubuntu。