启动完成后可以启动 snapd.service 吗?

启动完成后可以启动 snapd.service 吗?

snapd.service在启动时需要相对较长时间才能运行,因此为了加快启动速度,我可以在启动完成后启动该服务吗?

结果如下systemd-analyze blame

> systemd-analyze blame                                           Sal 14 Ara 2021 14:58:50
29.098s plymouth-quit-wait.service                                                       >
17.111s dev-sda3.device                                                                  >
16.480s snapd.service                                                                    >
13.185s networkd-dispatcher.service                                                      >
11.886s udisks2.service                                                                  >
 8.401s accounts-daemon.service                                                          >
 7.103s dev-loop3.device                                                                 >
 6.743s dev-loop22.device                                                                >
 6.652s dev-loop15.device                                                                >
 6.520s systemd-journal-flush.service                                                    >
 6.420s dev-loop2.device                                                                 >
 6.385s dev-loop6.device                                                                 >
 6.367s avahi-daemon.service                                                             >
 6.360s bluetooth.service                                                                >
 6.356s NetworkManager.service                                                           >
 6.307s polkit.service                                                                   >
 6.256s dev-loop1.device                                                                 >
 6.121s dev-loop13.device                                                                >
 6.060s dev-loop21.device                                                                >
 5.793s switcheroo-control.service                                                       >
 5.786s thermald.service                                                                 >
 5.783s systemd-logind.service                                                           >
 5.779s wpa_supplicant.service                                                           >
 5.608s gpu-manager.service                                                              >
 5.573s dev-loop17.device                                                                >
 5.570s dev-loop9.device                                                                 >
 5.476s ModemManager.service                                                             >
 5.262s dev-loop20.device                                                                >
 5.243s dev-loop18.device                                                                >
 5.104s dev-loop16.device                                                                >
 5.049s dev-loop12.device                                                                >
 5.035s dev-loop14.device                                                                >
 4.958s dev-loop19.device                                                                >
 4.730s dev-loop10.device                                                                >
 4.539s plymouth-read-write.service                                                      >
 4.410s dev-loop11.device                                                                >
 4.209s dev-loop8.device                                                                 >
 3.959s zebra.service                                                                    >
 3.860s systemd-sysctl.service                                                           >
 3.811s dev-loop4.device                                                                 >
 3.642s dev-loop7.device                                                                 >
 3.591s apport.service                                                                   >
 3.566s dev-loop5.device                                                                 >
 3.121s rsyslog.service                                                                  >
 3.119s e2scrub_reap.service                                                             >
 3.075s snap-bare-5.mount                                                                >
 2.958s dev-loop0.device                                                                 >
 2.799s snap-code-82.mount                                                               >
 2.692s snap-code-83.mount                                                               >
 2.678s snap-core-11798.mount                                                            >
 2.610s snap-core-11993.mount                                                            >
 2.499s gdm.service                                                                      >
 2.319s snap-core18-2246.mount                                                           >
 2.179s tlp.service                                                                      >
 2.055s snap-core18-2253.mount                                                           >
 2.039s fwupd.service                                                                    >
 2.009s virtualbox.service                                                               >
 1.893s systemd-udevd.service                                                            >
 1.774s systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service                                                   >
 1.750s apparmor.service                                                                 >
 1.745s systemd-resolved.service                                                         >
 1.692s secureboot-db.service                                                            >
 1.633s colord.service                                                                   >
 1.434s snap-core20-1242.mount                                                           >
 1.367s snap-core20-1270.mount                                                           >
 1.344s ssh.service                                                                      >
 1.305s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-72.mount                                           >
 1.270s packagekit.service                                                               >
 1.270s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-77.mount                                           >
 1.262s snapd.apparmor.service                                                           >
 1.242s systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-92804264\x2dc37f\x2d48cb\x2d8ec5\x2d49bc5be832fa>
 1.234s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service                                               >
 1.183s systemd-random-seed.service                                                      >
 1.143s nvidia-persistenced.service                                                      >
 1.138s systemd-modules-load.service                                                     >
 1.015s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d38\x2d2004-76.mount                                           >
  967ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-90BC\x2dAD77.service                            >
  966ms upower.service                                                                   >
  957ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d38\x2d2004-87.mount                                           >
  943ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1506.mount                                          >
  897ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1519.mount                                          >
  802ms [email protected]                

以及结果systemd-analyze critical-chain

> systemd-analyze critical-chain                          33.4s  Sal 14 Ara 2021 14:59:39
The time when unit became active or started is printed after the "@" character.
The time the unit took to start is printed after the "+" character.

graphical.target @1min 6.867s
└─multi-user.target @1min 6.867s
  └─snapd.seeded.service @48.059s +747ms
    └─snapd.service @31.576s +16.480s
      └─basic.target @30.982s
        └─sockets.target @30.981s
          └─snapd.socket @30.980s +1ms
            └─sysinit.target @30.880s
              └─snapd.apparmor.service @28.087s +1.262s
                └─apparmor.service @26.334s +1.750s
                  └─local-fs.target @26.332s
                    └─run-user-1000-gvfs.mount @53.006s
                      └─run-user-1000.mount @44.989s
                        └─swap.target @24.765s
                          └─dev-disk-by\x2duuid-de61f134\x2d705a\x2d4c98\x2d89f7\x2d04a0b>
                            └─dev-disk-by\x2duuid-de61f134\x2d705a\x2d4c98\x2d89f7\x2d04a>

我正在使用 Ubuntu 20.04,其规格如下:

> lshw                                                            Sal 14 Ara 2021 18:21:47
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
hasan-nitro-an515-43        
    description: Computer
    width: 64 bits
    capabilities: smp vsyscall32
  *-core
       description: Motherboard
       physical id: 0
     *-memory
          description: System memory
          physical id: 0
          size: 14GiB
     *-cpu
          product: AMD Ryzen 7 3750H with Radeon Vega Mobile Gfx
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD]
          physical id: 1
          bus info: cpu@0
          size: 1352MHz
          capacity: 2300MHz
          width: 64 bits
          capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb hw_pstate sme ssbd sev ibpb vmmcall sev_es fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 rdseed adx smap clflushopt sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves clzero irperf xsaveerptr arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif overflow_recov succor smca cpufreq
     *-pci:0
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Root Complex
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 100
          bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
        *-generic UNCLAIMED
             description: IOMMU
             product: Raven/Raven2 IOMMU
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 0.2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:00.2
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: cap_list
             configuration: latency=0
        *-pci:0
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0]
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 1.1
             bus info: pci@0000:00:01.1
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:26 ioport:3000(size=4096) memory:c1000000-c1ffffff ioport:90000000(size=301989888)
           *-display
                description: 3D controller
                product: TU117M [GeForce GTX 1650 Mobile / Max-Q]
                vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
                version: a1
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0
                resources: irq:75 memory:c1000000-c1ffffff memory:90000000-9fffffff memory:a0000000-a1ffffff ioport:3000(size=128)
        *-pci:1
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0]
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 1.2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:01.2
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:27 memory:c2800000-c28fffff
           *-storage
                description: Non-Volatile memory controller
                product: BC501 NVMe Solid State Drive 512GB
                vendor: SK hynix
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
                version: 00
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: storage nvm_express bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=nvme latency=0
                resources: irq:44 memory:c2800000-c2803fff
              *-nvme0
                   description: NVMe device
                   product: HFM256GDJTNG-8310A
                   physical id: 0
                   logical name: /dev/nvme0
                   version: 80002C00
                   serial: CY9CN00101150CE4Y
                   configuration: nqn=nqn.2014.08.org.nvmexpress:1c5c1c5cCY9CN00101150CE4Y   HFM256GDJTNG-8310A state=live
                 *-namespace
                      description: NVMe namespace
                      physical id: 1
                      logical name: /dev/nvme0n1
        *-pci:2
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0]
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 1.6
             bus info: pci@0000:00:01.6
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:28 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:c2700000-c27fffff
           *-network
                description: Ethernet interface
                product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
                vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
                logical name: enp3s0
                version: 25
                serial: 08:97:98:8f:fa:bf
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: cap_list ethernet physical
                configuration: broadcast=yes driver=r8169 latency=0 multicast=yes
                resources: irq:34 ioport:2000(size=256) memory:c2704000-c2704fff memory:c2700000-c2703fff
        *-pci:3
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Raven/Raven2 PCIe GPP Bridge [6:0]
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 1.7
             bus info: pci@0000:00:01.7
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:29 memory:c2000000-c21fffff
           *-network
                description: Wireless interface
                product: QCA6174 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter
                vendor: Qualcomm Atheros
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0
                logical name: wlp4s0
                version: 32
                serial: e4:aa:ea:50:6c:87
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
                configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath10k_pci driverversion=5.11.0-41-generic firmware=WLAN.RM.4.4.1-00140-QCARMSWPZ-1 ip=192.168.1.46 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
                resources: irq:79 memory:c2000000-c21fffff
        *-pci:4
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Raven/Raven2 Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus A
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 8.1
             bus info: pci@0000:00:08.1
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:30 ioport:1000(size=4096) memory:c2300000-c26fffff ioport:b0000000(size=270532608)
           *-display
                description: VGA compatible controller
                product: Picasso
                vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0
                version: c1
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: vga_controller bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=amdgpu latency=0
                resources: irq:43 memory:b0000000-bfffffff memory:c0000000-c01fffff ioport:1000(size=256) memory:c2600000-c267ffff
           *-multimedia:0
                description: Audio device
                product: Raven/Raven2/Fenghuang HDMI/DP Audio Controller
                vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
                physical id: 0.1
                bus info: pci@0000:05:00.1
                version: 00
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
                resources: irq:82 memory:c2688000-c268bfff
           *-generic
                description: Encryption controller
                product: Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) Platform Security Processor
                vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
                physical id: 0.2
                bus info: pci@0000:05:00.2
                version: 00
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=ccp latency=0
                resources: irq:71 memory:c2500000-c25fffff memory:c268c000-c268dfff
           *-usb:0
                description: USB controller
                product: Raven USB 3.1
                vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
                physical id: 0.3
                bus info: pci@0000:05:00.3
                version: 00
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: xhci cap_list
                configuration: driver=xhci_hcd latency=0
                resources: irq:33 memory:c2400000-c24fffff
           *-usb:1
                description: USB controller
                product: Raven USB 3.1
                vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
                physical id: 0.4
                bus info: pci@0000:05:00.4
                version: 00
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: xhci bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=xhci_hcd latency=0
                resources: irq:43 memory:c2300000-c23fffff
           *-multimedia:1
                description: Audio device
                product: Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) HD Audio Controller
                vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
                physical id: 0.6
                bus info: pci@0000:05:00.6
                version: 00
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
                resources: irq:45 memory:c2680000-c2687fff
        *-pci:5
             description: PCI bridge
             product: Raven/Raven2 Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus B
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 8.2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:08.2
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:31 memory:c2200000-c22fffff
           *-sata
                description: SATA controller
                product: FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode]
                vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:06:00.0
                version: 61
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: sata ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=ahci latency=0
                resources: irq:72 memory:c2200000-c22007ff
        *-serial
             description: SMBus
             product: FCH SMBus Controller
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 14
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.0
             version: 61
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             configuration: driver=piix4_smbus latency=0
             resources: irq:0
        *-isa
             description: ISA bridge
             product: FCH LPC Bridge
             vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
             physical id: 14.3
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.3
             version: 51
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: isa bus_master
             configuration: latency=0
     *-pci:1
          description: Host bridge
          product: Family 17h (Models 00h-1fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 101
          bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:2
          description: Host bridge
          product: Family 17h (Models 00h-1fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 102
          bus info: pci@0000:00:08.0
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:3
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 0
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 103
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.0
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:4
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 1
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 104
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.1
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:5
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 2
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 105
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.2
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:6
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 3
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 106
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.3
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
          configuration: driver=k10temp
          resources: irq:0
     *-pci:7
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 4
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 107
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.4
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:8
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 5
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 108
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.5
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:9
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 6
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 109
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.6
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:10
          description: Host bridge
          product: Raven/Raven2 Device 24: Function 7
          vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD]
          physical id: 10a
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.7
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pnp00:00
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: 2
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:01
          product: PnP device PNP0b00
          physical id: 3
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=rtc_cmos
     *-pnp00:02
          product: PnP device FUJ7401
          physical id: 4
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=i8042 kbd
     *-pnp00:03
          product: PnP device PNP0c02
          physical id: 5
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
     *-pnp00:04
          product: PnP device PNP0c01
          physical id: 6
          capabilities: pnp
          configuration: driver=system
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user

答案1

您确实可以延迟 snapd 的启动。启动后,您将无法启动 snap 应用程序,直到守护进程加载完毕。但是,您最多可以将启动时间缩短不到半秒。

答案2

“责备”中的时间并不表明有任何长时间的等待。对于像 i3 这样的带有普通硬盘的系统来说,这似乎是正常的。

仅列举其中几项服务...

参见networkd-dispatcher.serviceKubuntu 启动速度极慢(18.04 LTS)

为了dev-sda3.device确保时间不包括文件系统检查systemctl status dev-sda3.device

plymouth-quit-wait.service:在启动过程开始时加载启动徽标,并然后等待启动过程完成,以便卸载启动画面。因此,这 29 架飞机大多在等待其他服务。

bluetooth.service当您不使用 BT 时...请禁用它。

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