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无法找到该命令，因为 PATH 中不包含 '/bin:/usr/bin'

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无法找到该命令，因为 PATH 中不包含 '/bin:/usr/bin'

我在学习 Linux 时曾尝试在 Ubuntu 上使用 finger 命令。几个小时后，Ubuntu 无法正常启动。

当我启动 Ubuntu 时，我得到如下几行信息：

Command 'uname' is available in the following places
 * /bin/uname
 * /usr/bin/uname
The command could not be located because '/bin:/usr/bin' is not included in the PATH environment variable.
uname: command not found
Command 'lesspipe' is available in the following places
 * /bin/lesspipe
 * /usr/bin/lesspipe
The command could not be located because '/usr/bin:/bin' is not included in the PATH environment variable.
lesspipe: command not found
Command 'dircolors' is available in the following places
 * /bin/dircolors
 * /usr/bin/dircolors
The command could not be located because '/bin:/usr/bin' is not included in the PATH environment variable.

这种情况一直持续到最后：

Command 'tr' is available in the following places
 * /bin/tr
 * /usr/bin/tr
The command could not be located because '/bin:/usr/bin' is not included in the PATH environment variable.
tr: command not found
-bash: export: `=/home/mpl/miniconda3/bin/x86_64-conda-linux-gnu-strings': not a valid identifier
Command 'uname' is available in the following places
 * /bin/uname
 * /usr/bin/uname
The command could not be located because '/usr/bin:/bin' is not included in the PATH environment variable.
uname: command not found

$ echo $PATH印刷：

/home/mpl/bin:/home/mpl/bin:PATH

$ export PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin

$ sudo nano /etc/environment

印刷：

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin"

答案1

这将解决你的问题：

cp ~/.bashrc ~/.bashrc.bak
cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~/
source ~/.bashrc

请注意，这将覆盖您的~/.bashrc，并且必须从备份文件中插入任何自定义内容~/.bashrc.bak。

答案2

您似乎已经摆弄过了，可能是对~/.profile系统路径进一步调整的文件进行了调整。

可能以下操作已经解决了该问题：~/.profile在文本编辑器中打开并更正

/home/mpl/bin:/home/mpl/bin:PATH

读书

/home/mpl/bin:$PATH

请注意，我们将PATH其改为$PATH，这要求将该字符串替换为PATH此时变量的内容。

还要注意，我们删除了第二次出现的/home/mpl/bin:。这会重复相同的路径，唯一的影响是这会降低系统速度，因为会在同一路径上搜索两次可执行文件。

如果您严重弄乱了您的个人 bash 文件，即.profile和.bashrc，您可以考虑用默认文件替换它们，可以在中找到/etc/skel。

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