我更新了我的 Ubuntu 20.04.4，以便能够将其升级到 22.04.1，但遇到了问题libdeflate0。正如标题中提到的，存在依赖冲突：
sudo apt list --upgradable -a
Listing... Done
libdeflate0/focal 1.12-1~20.04.sav0 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.8-1ubuntu1~20.04.sav0]
libdeflate0/now 1.8-1ubuntu1~20.04.sav0 amd64 [installed,upgradable to: 1.12-1~20.04.sav0]
libdeflate0/focal 1.5-3 amd64
由于未满足依赖关系，以上都不合适。因此，我尝试了：
sudo aptitude remove libdeflate0
The following packages will be REMOVED:
libdeflate0
0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B of archives. After unpacking 129 kB will be freed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libtiff5 : Depends: libdeflate0 (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
Keep the following packages at their current version:
1) libdeflate0 [1.8-1ubuntu1~20.04.sav0 (now)]
Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]
没有合适的结果。输入n，其他选项（超过 15 个）建议删除许多程序（例如 wine 和 wine32），因为这些包分散在依赖项中。然后我尝试：
sudo dpkg -l --force-remove-reinstreq libdeflate0
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-=================-=======================-============-==============================================================
ri libdeflate0:amd64 1.8-1ubuntu1~20.04.sav0 amd64 fast, whole-buffer DEFLATE-based compression and decompression
ii libdeflate0:i386 1.8-1ubuntu1~20.04.sav0 i386 fast, whole-buffer DEFLATE-based compression and decompression
没有成功。您对如何继续有什么建议吗？
编辑：如果我从中选择其他解决方案aptitude，则以下程序列表将被删除：
The following packages will be REMOVED:
fonts-wine{u} glib-networking:i386{u} gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:i386{u} gstreamer1.0-plugins-good:i386{a}
gstreamer1.0-x:i386{u} i965-va-driver:i386{u} intel-media-va-driver:i386{u} libaa1:i386{u} libaom0:i386{u}
libapparmor1:i386{u} libaribb24-0:i386{u} libasn1-8-heimdal:i386{u} libasound2:i386{u} libasound2-plugins:i386{u}
libasyncns0:i386{u} libavahi-client3:i386{u} libavahi-common-data:i386{u} libavahi-common3:i386{u}
libavc1394-0:i386{u} libavcodec-extra58:i386{a} libavutil56:i386{u} libbrotli1:i386{u} libcaca0:i386{u}
libcairo-gobject2:i386{u} libcairo2:i386{u} libcap2:i386{u} libcapi20-3:i386{u} libcdparanoia0:i386{u}
libcodec2-0.9:i386{u} libcups2:i386{u} libcurl3-gnutls:i386{u} libdatrie1:i386{u} libdbus-1-3:i386{u}
libdeflate0:i386{a} libdv4:i386{u} libexif12:i386{u} libfaudio0:i386{a} libflac8:i386{u} libfontconfig1:i386{u}
libfreetype6:i386{u} libfribidi0:i386{u} libgd3:i386{a} libgdbm-compat4:i386{u} libgdbm6:i386{u}
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386{a} libglib2.0-0:i386{u} libglu1-mesa:i386{u} libgmp10:i386{u} libgnutls30:i386{u}
libgomp1:i386{u} libgphoto2-6:i386{a} libgphoto2-port12:i386{u} libgraphite2-3:i386{u} libgsm1:i386{u}
libgssapi-krb5-2:i386{u} libgssapi3-heimdal:i386{u} libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:i386{u}
libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0:i386{u} libgstreamer1.0-0:i386{u} libgudev-1.0-0:i386{u} libharfbuzz0b:i386{u}
libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386{u} libheimbase1-heimdal:i386{u} libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386{u} libhogweed5:i386{u}
libhx509-5-heimdal:i386{u} libicu66:i386{u} libiec61883-0:i386{u} libieee1284-3:i386{u} libigdgmm11:i386{u}
libjack-jackd2-0:i386{u} libjbig0:i386{u} libjpeg-turbo8:i386{u} libjpeg8:i386{u} libk5crypto3:i386{u}
libkeyutils1:i386{u} libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386{u} libkrb5-3:i386{u} libkrb5support0:i386{u} liblcms2-2:i386{u}
libldap-2.4-2:i386{u} libltdl7:i386{u} libmp3lame0:i386{u} libmpg123-0:i386{u} libmysqlclient21:i386{u}
libnettle7:i386{u} libnghttp2-14:i386{u} libnuma1:i386{u} libodbc1:i386{u} libogg0:i386{u} libopenal1:i386{u}
libopencore-amrnb0:i386{u} libopencore-amrwb0:i386{u} libopenjp2-7:i386{u} libopus0:i386{u} liborc-0.4-0:i386{u}
libosmesa6:i386{u} libp11-kit0:i386{u} libpango-1.0-0:i386{u} libpangocairo-1.0-0:i386{u} libpangoft2-1.0-0:i386{u}
libpcap0.8:i386{u} libpci3:i386{u} libperl5.30:i386{u} libpixman-1-0:i386{u} libpng16-16:i386{u} libproxy1v5:i386{u}
libpsl5:i386{u} libpulse0:i386{u} libraw1394-11:i386{u} libroken18-heimdal:i386{u} librsvg2-2:i386{a}
librsvg2-common:i386{a} librtmp1:i386{u} libsamplerate0:i386{u} libsane:i386{a} libsasl2-2:i386{u}
libsasl2-modules:i386{u} libsasl2-modules-db:i386{u} libsdl2-2.0-0:i386{u} libshine3:i386{u} libshout3:i386{u}
libslang2:i386{u} libsnappy1v5:i386{u} libsndfile1:i386{u} libsndio7.0:i386{u} libsnmp35:i386{u} libsoup2.4-1:i386{u}
libsoxr0:i386{u} libspeex1:i386{u} libsqlite3-0:i386{u} libssh-4:i386{u} libssl1.1:i386{u} libstb0:i386{u}
libswresample3:i386{u} libtag1v5:i386{u} libtag1v5-vanilla:i386{u} libtasn1-6:i386{u} libthai0:i386{u}
libtheora0:i386{u} libtiff5:i386{a} libtwolame0:i386{u} libusb-1.0-0:i386{u} libv4l-0:i386{u} libv4lconvert0:i386{u}
libva-drm2:i386{u} libva-x11-2:i386{u} libva2:i386{u} libvdpau1:i386{u} libvisual-0.4-0:i386{u} libvkd3d1:i386{u}
libvo-amrwbenc0:i386{u} libvorbis0a:i386{u} libvorbisenc2:i386{u} libvpx6:i386{u} libwavpack1:i386{u}
libwayland-cursor0:i386{u} libwayland-egl1:i386{u} libwebp6:i386{u} libwebp7:i386{u} libwebpmux3:i386{u}
libwind0-heimdal:i386{u} libwine:i386{a} libwrap0:i386{u} libx264-155:i386{u} libx265-179:i386{u}
libxcb-render0:i386{u} libxcomposite1:i386{u} libxcursor1:i386{u} libxdamage1:i386{u} libxi6:i386{u}
libxinerama1:i386{u} libxkbcommon0:i386{u} libxml2:i386{u} libxpm4:i386{u} libxrandr2:i386{u} libxrender1:i386{u}
libxslt1.1:i386{u} libxss1:i386{u} libxv1:i386{u} libxvidcore4:i386{u} libzvbi0:i386{u} mesa-va-drivers:i386{u}
mesa-vdpau-drivers:i386{u} ocl-icd-libopencl1:i386{u} va-driver-all:i386{u} vdpau-driver-all:i386{u} wine{a}
wine32:i386{a}
The following packages will be upgraded:
libdeflate0
1 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 189 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 77,1 kB of archives. After unpacking 579 MB will be freed.
对我来说，这听起来很安全（尽管我有 Timeshift）。
EDIT2：这里是所要求的输出apt policy：
apt policy libdeflate0
libdeflate0:
Installed: 1.8-1ubuntu1~20.04.sav0
Candidate: 1.12-1~20.04.sav0
Version table:
1.12-1~20.04.sav0 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/savoury1/digikam/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
*** 1.8-1ubuntu1~20.04.sav0 100
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
1.5-3 500
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 Packages
答案1
回答n问题。如果这会删除很多软件包，那么请删除这些软件包。然后使用 完全更新系统sudo apt dist-upgrade并继续升级到 Ubuntu 22.04。启动到 Ubuntu 22.04 后，重新安装软件包。所有用户配置都将被保留。