如何将文件中的行号与并排差异输出结果文件关联?

如何将文件中的行号与并排差异输出结果文件关联?

我的场景是:

首先使用以下命令并排生成diff两个文件:

diff -y --supress-common-lines file1.txt file2.txt > DiffResult.txt

输出DiffResult.txt

   file1.txt             file2.txt
This is line A    |   This is line B
This is line C    |   This is line D

现在让我们说一下这条线

This is line A

This is line B

分别位于file1.txt和 的第 5 行file2.txt。然后我应该能够将适当的行号与其关联起来,如下所示:

期望的输出DiffResult.txt

      file1.txt                file2.txt
5   This is line A    |  5   This is line B
7   This is line C    |  7   This is line D

我采用这种方法的原因是,如果我在 之前生成行号diff,那么即使对于小的空白更改,diff由于与行关联的行号,也会显示出差异。

有人有好主意吗?我认为这是 StackExchange 中提出过的最棘手的问题,我相信:D

答案1

该问题可以通过过滤 的输出来解决diff。这个示例对我有用(尽管 diff 输出的左侧/右侧之间的装订线的位置和大小可能是实现之间不同的细节):

#!/bin/sh
# $Id: diff-two-column,v 1.2 2016/09/26 20:38:32 tom Exp $
# see http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/312025/how-to-associate-line-number-from-a-file-to-the-side-by-side-diff-output-result

usage() {
    cat >&2 <<EOF
usage: $0 file1 file2
EOF
    exit 1
}

[ $# = 2 ] || usage
[ -f "$1" ] || usage
[ -f "$2" ] || usage

width=${COLUMNS:-80}
check=$(stty size|cut -d' ' -f2)
[ -n "$check" ] && width=$check

diff -W $width -y "$1" "$2" | \
expand | \
awk -v width=$width '
BEGIN {
    L=0;
    R=0;
    gutter = width / 2;
    half = gutter - 2;
}
{
    textL = substr($0, 1, half - 1);
    sub("[ ]+$", "", textL);  # trim trailing blanks

    # The script relies on correctly extracting textM, the gutter:
    # if lines differ,    textM is " ! "
    # if line inserted,   textM is " > "
    # if line deleted,    textM is " < "
    # if lines unchanged, textM is "   "
    textM = substr($0, gutter - 2, 3);

    textR = ( length($0) > gutter ) ? substr($0, gutter+1, half) : "";

    if ( textM != " > " ) {
         L++;
    }
    if ( textM != " < " ) {
         R++;
    }

    if ( textL != textR ) {
        # printf "SHOW %s\n", $0;
        # printf "gap \"%s\"\n", textM;
        # printf "<<< \"%s\"\n", textL;
        # printf ">>> \"%s\"\n", textR;
        if ( textL == "" ) {
            printf "%5s %-*s %-3s %5d %s\n",
                " ", half, textL,
                textM,
                R, textR;
        } else if ( textR == "" ) {
            printf "%5d %-*s %-3s %5s %s\n",
                L, half, textL,
                textM,
                " ", textR;
        } else {
            printf "%5d %-*s %-3s %5d %s\n",
                L, half, textL,
                textM,
                R, textR;
        }
    } else {
        # printf "SKIP %s\n", $0;
    }
}
'

您无法添加行号 diff,因为如果有插入或删除,从该点开始的行号将不匹配,从而使差异没有用处。我的脚本计算 awk 脚本中差异的左侧/右侧的行号:

  • 它首先根据终端的宽度决定差异的宽度。
  • 有(在我测试过的 GNU diff 3.2 中)排水沟(未使用的空间)位于并排差异的中间。从 80 列终端开始,我确定了一种计算装订线位置的方法。
  • 初始化后,脚本从每一行(在 中awk,这是$0)提取左 ( textL) 和右 ( textR) 字符串,并测试它们是否为空(如果存在插入/删除,则会发生这种情况)。
  • 如果左/右行不同,脚本将重建输出diff,但添加行号。

鉴于左边这个

1
2
3
4
This is line A
6
This is line C
123456789.123456789.123456789.123456789.123456789.

yyy

右边这个

1
2
3
4
This is line B
6
This is line D
abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.
xxx

(左边 10 行,右边 9 行),该脚本生成

    5 This is line A                          |      5 This is line B
    7 This is line C                          |      7 This is line D
    8 123456789.123456789.123456789.1234567   |      8 abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefg
                                              |      9 xxx
   10 yyy                                     <        

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