这是来自附加驱动程序的图片我最初在联想 IdeaPad Gaming 3 15IMH05 笔记本电脑上安装了 Windows 10，其规格如下：16.0 GiB Ram Intel® Core™ i7-10750H CPU @ 2.60GHz × 12 NV167 / Mesa Intel® UHD 显卡（CML GT2）这是在关于设置的关于页面中显示的显卡，但也有 gtx 1650 和 250 gb ssd 和 1t hdd，我在 Windows 旁边安装了 Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS 作为双启动，它运行良好几天，但现在当我启动笔记本电脑时，我看不到选择操作系统的菜单，并且出现黑屏，然后它启动到 Ubuntu。但我知道菜单在那里，因为我可以使用箭头键移动并选择 Windows 10，然后我在 Windows 10 中听到声音，但屏幕仍然黑着，我尝试进入 UEFI 设置，屏幕仍然黑着，我在 ssd 上安装了两个操作系统，我尝试使用 Boot Repair，但问题仍然存在，这是我使用 GParted 时遇到的问题 在此处输入图片描述
我在 ubuntu 上使用笔记本电脑超过 2 小时后收到了更新，我重启了电脑，菜单出现了，我正常启动了 Windows 10，但我不明白问题出在哪里，因为我没有做任何改变，如果它有帮助的话，有一次菜单确实出现了，但是当我选择 Windows 10 时，屏幕上出现了垂直线，然后又变黑了，但这是之前的情况，至于 Windows 10 更新，是的，2023 年 5 月 23 日有一个更新，所以在问题出现之前，这是更新名称（KB4023057：更新健康工具 - Windows 更新服务组件），但我不知道如何检查 UEFI 更新，以及设置是否恢复为默认值，至于 nvidia 驱动程序，我认为我没有在 ubuntu 上手动安装任何驱动程序，我只是安装了操作系统，就是这样
启动修复摘要：
boot-repair-4ppa2056 [20230603_0254]
============================= Boot Repair Summary ==============================
Recommended repair: ____________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility will reinstall the grub-efi of
nvme0n1p5,
using the following options: nvme0n1p1/boot/efi
Additional repair will be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s use-standard-efi-file restore-efi-backups
rm /boot/efi/efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
mv /boot/efi/efi/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi /boot/efi/efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
nvme0n1p5/boot/efi not empty
===================== Reinstall the grub-efi of nvme0n1p5 ======================
grub-install --version
grub-install (GRUB) 2.06-2ubuntu7.1
modprobe efivars
efibootmgr -v before grub install
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0004,0003,2001,2002,2003
Boot0001* EFI PXE 0 for IPv4 (6C-24-08-74-4D-6A) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x6)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(6c2408744d6a,0)/IPv4(0.0.0.00.0.0.0,0,0)RC
Boot0002* EFI PXE 0 for IPv6 (6C-24-08-74-4D-6A) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x6)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(6c2408744d6a,0)/IPv6([::]:<->[::]:,0,0)RC
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,44d2a029-21cd-4e80-8cca-d322dac8cc00,0x800,0x32000)/File(EFIMicrosoftBootbootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...M................
Boot0004* ubuntu HD(1,GPT,44d2a029-21cd-4e80-8cca-d322dac8cc00,0x800,0x32000)/File(EFIubuntushimx64.efi)
Boot2001* EFI USB Device RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network RC
uname -r
5.19.0-43-generic
grub-install --efi-directory=/boot/efi --target=x86_64-efi
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
df /dev/nvme0n1p1
mv /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
cp /boot/efi/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi
grub-install --efi-directory=/boot/efi --target=x86_64-efi
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
efibootmgr -v after grub install
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0004,0003,2001,2002,2003
Boot0001* EFI PXE 0 for IPv4 (6C-24-08-74-4D-6A) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x6)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(6c2408744d6a,0)/IPv4(0.0.0.00.0.0.0,0,0)RC
Boot0002* EFI PXE 0 for IPv6 (6C-24-08-74-4D-6A) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x6)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(6c2408744d6a,0)/IPv6([::]:<->[::]:,0,0)RC
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,44d2a029-21cd-4e80-8cca-d322dac8cc00,0x800,0x32000)/File(EFIMicrosoftBootbootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...M................
Boot0004* ubuntu HD(1,GPT,44d2a029-21cd-4e80-8cca-d322dac8cc00,0x800,0x32000)/File(EFIubuntushimx64.efi)
Boot2001* EFI USB Device RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network RC
Warning: NVram was not modified.
update-grub
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.19.0-43-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-43-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.19.0-42-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-42-generic
Memtest86+ needs a 16-bit boot, that is not available on EFI, exiting
Warning: os-prober will be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Its output will be used to detect bootable binaries on them and create new boot entries.
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/nvme0n1p1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings ...
Unhide GRUB boot menu in nvme0n1p5/boot/grub/grub.cfg
Boot successfully repaired.
You can now reboot your computer.
Please do not forget to make your UEFI firmware boot on the Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS entry (nvme0n1p1/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi file) !
If your computer reboots directly into Windows, try to change the boot order in your UEFI firmware.
If your UEFI firmware does not allow to change the boot order, change the default boot entry of the Windows bootloader.
For example you can boot into Windows, then type the following command in an admin command prompt:
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi
============================ Boot Info After Repair ============================
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/nvme0n1.
=> Windows 7/8/10/11/2012 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
nvme0n1p1: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/Boot/fbx64.efi /efi/Boot/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/shimx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
nvme0n1p2: _____________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
nvme0n1p3: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 10 or 11
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
nvme0n1p4: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
nvme0n1p5: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /etc/default/grub
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Boot file info: Grub2 (v2.00) in the file
/ubuntu-22.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso looks at sector 0 of
the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not
be found at this location.
Operating System:
Boot files:
================================ 2 OS detected =================================
OS#1: Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS on nvme0n1p5
OS#2: Windows 10 or 11 on nvme0n1p3
================================ Host/Hardware =================================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: TU117M [GeForce GTX 1650 Ti Mobile] CometLake-H GT2 [UHD Graphics] from NVIDIA Corporation Intel Corporation
BOOT_IMAGE of the installed session in use:
/boot/vmlinuz-5.19.0-43-generic root=UUID=7b8221e4-476a-4b39-8e1e-564656840302 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7
df -Th / : /dev/nvme0n1p5 ext4 96G 19G 73G 21% /
===================================== UEFI =====================================
BIOS/UEFI firmware: EGCN34WW(1.34) from LENOVO
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this installed-session.
SecureBoot disabled (confirmed by mokutil).
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0004,0003,2001,2002,2003
Boot0001* EFI PXE 0 for IPv4 (6C-24-08-74-4D-6A) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x6)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(6c2408744d6a,0)/IPv4(0.0.0.00.0.0.0,0,0)RC
Boot0002* EFI PXE 0 for IPv6 (6C-24-08-74-4D-6A) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x6)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(6c2408744d6a,0)/IPv6([::]:<->[::]:,0,0)RC
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,44d2a029-21cd-4e80-8cca-d322dac8cc00,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...M................
Boot0004* ubuntu HD(1,GPT,44d2a029-21cd-4e80-8cca-d322dac8cc00,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)
Boot2001* EFI USB Device RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network RC
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
nvme0n1 : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, not-usb, not-mmc, has-os, has-win, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
sda : notGPT, no-BIOSboot, has-noESP, not-usb, not-mmc, no-os, no-wind, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p5 : is-os, 64, apt-get, signed grub-pc grub-efi , grub2, grub-install, grubenv-ok, update-grub, farbios
nvme0n1p3 : is-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
nvme0n1p1 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
nvme0n1p4 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
sda1 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p5 : isnotESP, fstab-has-goodEFI, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p3 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p4 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, recovery-or-hidden, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda1 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p5 : not--sepboot, with-boot, fstab-without-boot, not-sep-usr, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, std-grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p3 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p1 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p4 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
sda1 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk nvme0n1: 238.47 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors
Disk identifier: 4915A204-8394-49E2-95A0-BFD36269F198
Start End Sectors Size Type
nvme0n1p1 2048 206847 204800 100M EFI System
nvme0n1p2 206848 239615 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
nvme0n1p3 239616 294229403 293989788 140.2G Microsoft basic data
nvme0n1p4 499030016 500115455 1085440 530M Windows recovery environment
nvme0n1p5 294230016 499030015 204800000 97.7G Linux filesystem
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
Disk sda: 931.51 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Disk identifier: 0xd9fa2484
Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
sda1 2048 1953521663 1953519616 931.5G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:1000GB:scsi:512:4096:msdos:ATA TOSHIBA MQ04ABF1:;
1:1049kB:1000GB:1000GB:ntfs::;
nvme0n1:256GB:nvme:512:512:gpt:KBG40ZNT256G TOSHIBA MEMORY:;
1:1049kB:106MB:105MB:fat32:EFI system partition:boot, esp;
2:106MB:123MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
3:123MB:151GB:151GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
5:151GB:256GB:105GB:ext4::;
4:256GB:256GB:556MB:ntfs::hidden, diag;
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
└─sda1 ntfs 826A27C56A27B4B7 d9fa2484-01 Data
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1 vfat F02C-0A5A 44d2a029-21cd-4e80-8cca-d322dac8cc00 EFI system partition
├─nvme0n1p2 2ab36789-98cf-4aee-824f-163c530e1613 Microsoft reserved partition
├─nvme0n1p3 ntfs 82DC2CF3DC2CE361 78127848-27a8-444a-a15c-b9f62360f144 OS Basic data partition
├─nvme0n1p4 ntfs 085E99A85E998ED6 80fc6f81-11bc-4003-adc4-4c079d227e64
└─nvme0n1p5 ext4 7b8221e4-476a-4b39-8e1e-564656840302 92f88d54-d25d-4029-9b82-ecbd112467d3
Mount points (filtered): _______________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/nvme0n1p3 85.9G 39% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p3
/dev/nvme0n1p4 88.5M 83% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p4
/dev/nvme0n1p5 72.2G 19% /
/dev/sda1 818.1G 12% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1
Mount options (filtered): ______________________________________________________
=================== nvme0n1p1/efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg (filtered) ===================
search.fs_uuid 7b8221e4-476a-4b39-8e1e-564656840302 root
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg
=================== nvme0n1p5/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ====================
Ubuntu 7b8221e4-476a-4b39-8e1e-564656840302
Ubuntu, with Linux 5.19.0-43-generic 7b8221e4-476a-4b39-8e1e-564656840302
Ubuntu, with Linux 5.19.0-42-generic 7b8221e4-476a-4b39-8e1e-564656840302
Windows Boot Manager (on nvme0n1p1) osprober-efi-F02C-0A5A
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
UEFI Firmware Settings uefi-firmware
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
======================== nvme0n1p5/etc/fstab (filtered) ========================
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/nvme0n1p5 during installation
UUID=7b8221e4-476a-4b39-8e1e-564656840302 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/nvme0n1p1 during installation
UUID=F02C-0A5A /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
==================== nvme0n1p5/etc/default/grub (filtered) =====================
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false
================= nvme0n1p5: Location of files loaded by Grub ==================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
169.093544006 = 181.562810368 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
176.779914856 = 189.815988224 boot/vmlinuz 2
223.081050873 = 239.531454464 boot/vmlinuz-5.19.0-42-generic 2
176.779914856 = 189.815988224 boot/vmlinuz-5.19.0-43-generic 2
223.081050873 = 239.531454464 boot/vmlinuz.old 2
153.672561646 = 165.004656640 boot/initrd.img 1
178.299800873 = 191.447953408 boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-42-generic 2
153.672561646 = 165.004656640 boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-43-generic 1
178.299800873 = 191.447953408 boot/initrd.img.old 2
=================== nvme0n1p5: ls -l /etc/grub.d/ (filtered) ===================
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18683 ديس 2 17:18 10_linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 43031 ديس 2 17:18 10_linux_zfs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14180 ديس 2 17:18 20_linux_xen
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13369 ديس 2 17:18 30_os-prober
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1372 ديس 2 17:18 30_uefi-firmware
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 700 سبت 20 2022 35_fwupd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 ديس 2 17:18 40_custom
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 215 ديس 2 17:18 41_custom