我提前道歉；我并不是一个熟练的 Linux 用户。
每次我尝试使用 apt 执行任何操作时都会出错。这是在使用 GUI 从 18.04 升级到 23.04 后，再升级到 20.04、22.04 和 22.10 后出现的错误。
看起来好像跳过了 dkms 构建或类似的东西，我有（许多）旧模块。但我不确定要删除什么（或如何删除）以及要保留什么。我正在将其6.2.0-27-generic作为6.2.0-26-generic恢复运行。任何帮助都将不胜感激。
这是我运行后得到的结果。我从以下输出中apt-get autoremove删除了大量消息：Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 1 not to upgrade.
6 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up linux-image-6.2.0-27-generic (6.2.0-27.28) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.2.0-27-generic (6.2.0-27.28) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
* dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.2.0-27-generic
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/etc/dkms/framework.conf)
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j8 KERNELRELEASE=6.2.0-27-generic BUILD_KERNEL=dummy KSRC=/lib/modules/6.2.0-27-generic/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/e1000e-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.2.0-27-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-27-generic/x86_64 succeeded for v4l2loopback v4l2loopback v4l2loopback virtualbox virtualbox
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-27-generic/x86_64 failed for e1000e(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-6.2.0-27-generic (--configure):
installed linux-headers-6.2.0-27-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous failure.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-headers-generic:
linux-headers-generic depends on linux-headers-6.2.0-27-generic; however:
Package linux-headers-6.2.0-27-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up linux-image-6.2.0-26-generic (6.2.0-26.26) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.2.0-26-generic (6.2.0-26.26) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
* dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.2.0-26-generic
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/etc/dkms/framework.conf)
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j8 KERNELRELEASE=6.2.0-26-generic BUILD_KERNEL=dummy KSRC=/lib/modules/6.2.0-26-generic/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/e1000e-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.2.0-26-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-26-generic/x86_64 succeeded for v4l2loopback v4l2loopback v4l2loopback virtualbox virtualbox
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-26-generic/x86_64 failed for e1000e(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-headers-6.2.0-26-generic (--configure):
installed linux-headers-6.2.0-26-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 6.2.0.27.27); however:
Package linux-headers-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because MaxReports has already been reached
Processing triggers for linux-image-6.2.0-27-generic (6.2.0-27.28) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms:
* dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.2.0-27-generic
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/etc/dkms/framework.conf)
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j8 KERNELRELEASE=6.2.0-27-generic BUILD_KERNEL=dummy KSRC=/lib/modules/6.2.0-27-generic/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/e1000e-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.2.0-27-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-27-generic/x86_64 succeeded for v4l2loopback v4l2loopback v4l2loopback virtualbox virtualbox
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-27-generic/x86_64 failed for e1000e(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.2.0-27-generic (--configure):
installed linux-image-6.2.0-27-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports has already been reached
Processing triggers for linux-image-6.2.0-26-generic (6.2.0-26.26) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms:
* dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.2.0-26-generic
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/etc/dkms/framework.conf)
Sign command: /usr/bin/kmodsign
Signing key: /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
Public certificate (MOK): /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der
Deprecated feature: REMAKE_INITRD (/var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/source/dkms.conf)
Building module:
Cleaning build area...
make -j8 KERNELRELEASE=6.2.0-26-generic BUILD_KERNEL=dummy KSRC=/lib/modules/6.2.0-26-generic/build...(bad exit status: 2)
ERROR: Cannot create report: [Errno 17] File exists: '/var/crash/e1000e-dkms.0.crash'
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 6.2.0-26-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/e1000e/3.4.2.4/build/make.log for more information.
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-26-generic/x86_64 succeeded for v4l2loopback v4l2loopback v4l2loopback virtualbox virtualbox
dkms autoinstall on 6.2.0-26-generic/x86_64 failed for e1000e(10)
Error! One or more modules failed to install during autoinstall.
Refer to previous errors for more information.
...fail!
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms exited with return code 11
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-6.2.0-26-generic (--configure):
installed linux-image-6.2.0-26-generic package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports has already been reached
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-headers-6.2.0-27-generic
linux-headers-generic
linux-headers-6.2.0-26-generic
linux-generic
linux-image-6.2.0-27-generic
linux-image-6.2.0-26-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
这是 dkms 状态：
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1094-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1096-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1097-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1099-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1100-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1101-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1102-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-1103-oem, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-156-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-158-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-159-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-161-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-162-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-163-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-166-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-167-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-169-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-171-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-173-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-175-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-176-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-177-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-180-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-184-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-187-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-188-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-189-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-191-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-192-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-193-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-194-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-196-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-197-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-200-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-201-generic, x86_64: installed
e1000e/3.4.2.4, 4.15.0-202-generic, x86_64: installed
v4l2loopback/0.12.7, 5.19.0-46-generic, x86_64: installed (WARNING! Diff between built and installed module!)
v4l2loopback/0.12.7, 6.2.0-26-generic, x86_64: installed (WARNING! Diff between built and installed module!)
v4l2loopback/0.12.7, 6.2.0-27-generic, x86_64: installed (WARNING! Diff between built and installed module!)
virtualbox/7.0.6, 6.2.0-26-generic, x86_64: installed
virtualbox/7.0.6, 6.2.0-27-generic, x86_64: installed