我删除了 postfix，尝试过阿帕奇·詹姆斯，删除了 James，现在无法让 Postfix 再次工作：
据我所知，我正确使用了 postfix，如下所示：
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 dur.bounceme.net ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu)
ehlo test
250-dur.bounceme.net
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
thufir@dur:~$
可能的问题在于 sendmail 不工作：
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ postfix sendmail
postfix: error: to submit mail, use the Postfix sendmail command
postfix: fatal: the postfix command is reserved for the superuser
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ sudo postfix sendmail
postfix/postfix-script: error: unknown command: 'sendmail'
postfix/postfix-script: fatal: usage: postfix start (or stop, reload, abort, flush, check, status, set-permissions, upgrade-configuration)
thufir@dur:~$
Telnet 提供：
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 dur.bounceme.net ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu)
helo localhost
250 dur.bounceme.net
mail from:thufir@localhost
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:thufir@localhost
451 4.3.0 <thufir@localhost>: Temporary lookup failure
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
thufir@dur:~$
这确实看起来很有趣。
答案1
好的，这是安装 postfix 时出现的问题。我修复了一个配置文件，删除并重新安装：
root@dur:/etc/postfix#
root@dur:/etc/postfix# diff main.cf main.cf.2
7c7
< #myorigin = /etc/mailname
---
> myorigin = /etc/mailname
40a41,94
>
>
>
> ###adding###
>
>
> # Requirements for the HELO statement
> smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit
> # Requirements for the sender details
> smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit
> # Requirements for the connecting server
> smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org
> # Requirement for the recipient address
> smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination, permit smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining
>
>
>
>
> # require proper helo at connections
> # smtpd_helo_required = yes
> # waste spammers time before rejecting them
> # smtpd_delay_reject = yes
> # disable_vrfy_command = yes
>
>
>
> # not sure of the difference of the next two
> # but they are needed for local aliasing
> alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
> alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases
> # this specifies where the virtual mailbox folders will be located
> virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual
> # this is for the mailbox location for each user
> virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf
> # and this is for aliases virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf
> # and this is for domain lookups virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf
> # this is how to connect to the domains (all virtual, but the option is there)
> # not used yet
> # transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_transport.cf
>
>
> virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
> virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
>
>
>
>
>
> # to add if there is not a virtual user
> # sudo mkdir /var/spool/mail/virtual sudo groupadd --system virtual -g 5000
> # sudo useradd --system virtual -u 5000 -g 5000
> # sudo chown -R virtual:virtual /var/spool/mail/virtual
>
> inet_protocols = ipv4
root@dur:/etc/postfix#
root@dur:/etc/postfix# aptitude install -y mysqmail-postfix-logger postfix-mysql mailutils
之后我查看了我的收件箱：
thufir@dur:~$
thufir@dur:~$ mail
"/var/mail/thufir": 4 messages 4 new
>N 1 hawat@localhost Sat Aug 25 17:04 16/565 hello world
N 2 thufir Sat Aug 25 17:05 13/428 cannot send to localhost
N 3 thufir Sat Aug 25 17:05 15/439 ping
N 4 thufir Sat Aug 25 17:05 15/453 ping
?
X-Original-To: thufir@localhost
To: thufir@localhost
Subject: hello world
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Date: Sat, 25 Aug 2012 17:04:32 -0700 (PDT)
From: hawat@localhost
hello world content yet again
?
X-Original-To: thufir@localhost
To: <thufir@localhost>
Subject: cannot send to localhost
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 2.2)
Date: Sat, 25 Aug 2012 21:41:42 +0000 (UTC)
From: thufir@dur (thufir)
ping
?
X-Original-To: thufir@localhost
To: <thufir@localhost>
Cc: <[email protected]>
Subject: ping
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 2.2)
Date: Sat, 25 Aug 2012 21:40:51 +0000 (UTC)
From: thufir@dur (thufir)
pong
?
X-Original-To: [email protected]
To: <thufir@localhost>
Cc: <[email protected]>
Subject: ping
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 2.2)
Date: Sat, 25 Aug 2012 21:40:51 +0000 (UTC)
From: thufir@dur (thufir)
pong
?
No applicable message
?
No applicable message
? q
Saved 4 messages in /home/thufir/mbox
Held 0 messages in /var/mail/thufir
thufir@dur:~$
这就是我所需要的。