一切都进展顺利。一切都已从互联网上下载完毕，软件包已安装完毕，并提示要求删除或保留一些过时的程序/文件。之后，计算机崩溃了，并要求手动强制关机。我再次打开它，惊讶地发现我已经升级到 12.10！升级仍然没有完成！我该如何正确完成升级？
这是我按照发布的说明在命令行中得到的输出：
i astrill - Astrill VPN client software
i dayjournal - Simple, minimal, digital journal.
i gambas2-gb-form - A gambas native form component
i gambas2-gb-gtk - The Gambas gtk component
i gambas2-gb-gtk-ext - The Gambas extended gtk GUI component
i gambas2-gb-gui - The graphical toolkit selector component
i gambas2-gb-qt - The Gambas Qt GUI component
i gambas2-gb-settings - Gambas utilities class
i A gambas2-runtime - The Gambas runtime
i google-chrome-stable - The web browser from Google
i google-talkplugin - Google Talk Plugin
i indicator-keylock - Indicator for Lock Keys
i indicator-ubuntuone - Indicator for Ubuntu One synchronization s
i A language-pack-kde-zh-hans - KDE translation updates for language Simpl
i language-pack-kde-zh-hans-base - KDE translations for language Simplified C
i libapt-inst1.4 - deb package format runtime library
idA libattica0.3 - a Qt library that implements the Open Coll
idA libbabl-0.0-0 - Dynamic, any to any, pixel format conversi
idA libboost-filesystem1.46.1 - filesystem operations (portable paths, ite
idA libboost-program-options1.46.1 - program options library for C++
idA libboost-python1.46.1 - Boost.Python Library
idA libboost-regex1.46.1 - regular expression library for C++
i libboost-serialization1.46.1 - serialization library for C++
idA libboost-signals1.46.1 - managed signals and slots library for C++
idA libboost-system1.46.1 - Operating system (e.g. diagnostics support
idA libboost-thread1.46.1 - portable C++ multi-threading
i libcamel-1.2-29 - Evolution MIME message handling library
i libcmis-0.2-0 - CMIS protocol client library
i libcupsdriver1 - Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - Driver l
i libdconf0 - simple configuration storage system - runt
i libdvdcss2 - Simple foundation for reading DVDs - runti
i libebackend-1.2-1 - Utility library for evolution data servers
i libecal-1.2-10 - Client library for evolution calendars
i libedata-cal-1.2-13 - Backend library for evolution calendars
i libedataserver-1.2-15 - Utility library for evolution data servers
i libexiv2-11 - EXIF/IPTC metadata manipulation library
i libgdu-gtk0 - GTK+ standard dialog library for libgdu
i libgdu0 - GObject based Disk Utility Library
idA libgegl-0.0-0 - Generic Graphics Library
idA libglew1.5 - The OpenGL Extension Wrangler - runtime en
i libglew1.6 - OpenGL Extension Wrangler - runtime enviro
i libglewmx1.6 - OpenGL Extension Wrangler - runtime enviro
i libgnome-bluetooth8 - GNOME Bluetooth tools - support library
i libgnomekbd7 - GNOME library to manage keyboard configura
idA libgsoap1 - Runtime libraries for gSOAP
i libgweather-3-0 - GWeather shared library
i libimobiledevice2 - Library for communicating with the iPhone
i libkdcraw20 - RAW picture decoding library
i libkexiv2-10 - Qt like interface for the libexiv2 library
i libkipi8 - library for apps that want to use kipi-plu
i libkpathsea5 - TeX Live: path search library for TeX (run
i libmagickcore4 - low-level image manipulation library
i libmagickwand4 - image manipulation library
i libmarblewidget13 - Marble globe widget library
idA libmusicbrainz4-3 - Library to access the MusicBrainz.org data
i libnepomukdatamanagement4 - Basic Nepomuk data manipulation interface
i libnux-2.0-0 - Visual rendering toolkit for real-time app
i libnux-2.0-common - Visual rendering toolkit for real-time app
i libpoppler19 - PDF rendering library
i libqt3-mt - Qt GUI Library (Threaded runtime version),
i librhythmbox-core5 - support library for the rhythmbox music pl
i libusbmuxd1 - USB multiplexor daemon for iPhone and iPod
i libutouch-evemu1 - KernelInput Event Device Emulation Library
i libutouch-frame1 - Touch Frame Library
i libutouch-geis1 - Gesture engine interface support
i libutouch-grail1 - Gesture Recognition And Instantiation Libr
idA libx264-120 - x264 video coding library
i libyajl1 - Yet Another JSON Library
i linux-headers-3.2.0-29 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i linux-headers-3.2.0-29-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 3.2.0 on
i linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic - Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64
i mplayerthumbs - video thumbnail generator using mplayer
i myunity - Unity configurator
i A openoffice.org-calc - office productivity suite -- spreadsheet
i A openoffice.org-writer - office productivity suite -- word processo
i python-brlapi - Python bindings for BrlAPI
i python-louis - Python bindings for liblouis
i rts-bpp-dkms - rts-bpp driver in DKMS format.
i system76-driver - Universal driver for System76 computers.
i systemconfigurator - Unified Configuration API for Linux Instal
i systemimager-client - Utilities for creating an image and upgrad
i systemimager-common - Utilities and libraries common to both the
i systemimager-initrd-template-am - SystemImager initrd template for amd64 cli
i touchpad-indicator - An indicator for the touchpad
i ubuntu-tweak - Ubuntu Tweak
i A unity-lens-utilities - Unity Utilities lens
i A unity-scope-calculator - Calculator engine
i unity-scope-cities - Cities engine
i unity-scope-rottentomatoes - Unity Scope Rottentomatoes
答案1
这升级似乎一切都很顺利，只是有些过时的软件包没有被清理。我只是使用 synaptic 来删除多余的软件包。我建议将它们全部删除，然后从 PPA 或 Ubuntu repo 重新安装较新的版本。特别是 libnux-2.0.0 会阻止您运行 Unity。
您可能需要通过从软件中心搜索“Synaptic”或
sudo apt-get install synaptic在终端中运行来安装它。打开 Synaptic 并单击左下角的“Origin”按钮。
在您刚刚单击的按钮堆栈上方出现的来源列表中，选择“本地”，这样 synaptic 现在看起来像这样：
正如您所看到的，我还安装了一些升级后剩下的软件包，尽管我的大多数软件包都不是错误地存在（Amnesia、Bastion）您可以使用复选框删除您不想要或不需要的软件包。单击它们并选择“完全删除”。您只需确保没有删除任何您想要保留的软件包。当您看到下面的窗口时，检查软件包列表中您不想删除的软件包。
如果您发现有很多您想保留的应用程序，它们可能是通过 PPA 安装的，并且版本比 Ubuntu 存储库中的版本新。删除它们并重新添加 Ubuntu 存储库中的版本，或者重新添加 PPA，在 Synaptic 中单击或重新加载后，软件包将从本地/过时软件包列表中删除apt-get update。处理列表中的每个项目，然后单击“应用”以让 synaptic 删除那些遗留的本地/过时的软件包。
这应该可以有效地完成发布升级程序经常搞乱的清理工作。（至少对我来说）
我明白为什么 Unity 无法正常工作。Quantal 中运行所需的一些库在您的机器上仍然是旧版本。如果运行sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade; sudo apt-get install unity不能解决问题，您需要使用 Synaptic 删除这些包，然后从存储库重新安装较新的版本。除非 APT 损坏，否则这应该可以正常工作。
i libnux-2.0-0 - Visual rendering toolkit for real-time app
i libnux-2.0-common - Visual rendering toolkit for real-time app